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Biomedical subjects

W Gross

Publications and source records attributed to W Gross.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins during the progression of chronic renal disease.

The association between lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels and the degree of renal failure was investigated in 72 conservatively treated patients with chronic renal disease. The progression of renal insufficiency was attended by marked increases in total triglycerides, and very-low-density (VLDL), low-density (LDL) and high-density (HDL) lipoprotein triglycerides. Total cholesterol was slightly elevated due to a rise in VLDL cholesterol. There was no change in LDL cholesterol, whereas HDL cholesterol decreased. Apo C-II and C-III showed distinct increases, their mass ratio decreasing only insignificantly. Apo B and A-I were unaffected by the degree of renal insufficiency, whereas apo A-II decreased. The findings reflect compositional changes within HDL and the accumulation to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in chronic renal disease. The alterations in the plasma lipoprotein pattern were demonstrable even in early stages of renal failure and, therefore, may bear a serious risk for the acceleration of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Differential turbidimetric assay for subpopulations of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein A-I.

A differential immunoturbidimetric procedure for the quantitation of apolipoprotein A-I associated with lipoproteins LpA (containing both apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein A-II) and with lipoproteins LpA-I (containing apolipoprotein A-I but no apolipoprotein A-II) is presented. Lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein A-II are precipitated with an anti-apolipoprotein A-II antibody. The resulting immunoprecipitate is sedimented and LpA-IA-I is measured in the supernate. Whereas LpA-IA-I concentrations differed significantly between normolipidaemic men and women (0.75 and 1.00 g/l, respectively), there was virtually no sex related difference in LpAA-I (0.83 and 0.88 g/l, respectively). LpA-IA-I was predominantly correlated with HDL2-cholesterol (rs = 0.630), whereas LpAA-I was statistically associated with HDL3 (rs = 0.417).

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of 2 low-dosage Gestodene or desogestrel containing ovulation inhibitors on sex hormones and lipid metabolism].

In a randomised study on 20 healthy female subjects we compared the effect of two low-dosage antiovulants containing gestodene or desogestrel on ovarial and adrenal function and on fatty metabolism. Both antiovulants produced a moderate inhibition of gonadotropin secretion and a marked suppression of serum levels of oestradiol, testosterone and free testosterone; there was a strong increase in sex hormone-binding globulin, and an increase in cortisol--probably due to the increase on corticosteroid-binding globulin--and a continuous drop in dehydroepiandrosterone S. In all cases there was no significant difference between the effect of both preparations. Whereas there was no change in total and LDL cholesterol, total phospholipids and VLDL triglycerides, there was a significant increase in the concentrations of apolipoprotein B, total triglycerides, the cholesterol and phospholipid properties of VLDL as well as of all components of HDL. The LDL triglycerides were also elevated, whereas the LDL phospholipids dropped. On the whole the changes in lipid metabolism, which indicate a certain predominance of the oestrogen effect, were low. However, it became that the duration of intake exercises considerable influence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Fetal heart rate accelerations and fetal oxygen pressure sub partu].

By means of tcPO2 measurement, a total of 297 FHR accelerations from 55 oxygen cardiotocograms were analysed with regard to their association with changes in fetal oxygen pressure sub partu. It could be demonstrated that the transcutaneous oxygen pressure of 2.3 kPa (17.1 mmHg) with occasional accelerations was significantly (alpha less than 0.05) higher than that of 2.2 kPa (16.6 mmHg) with periodic accelerations. Oxygen pressure with occasional accelerations with "classical parameters" (amplitude greater than or equal to 15 bpm, duration greater than or equal to 15 sec) did not significantly differ from that with one or both parameters below these minimal values. Furthermore, our results suggest the production of periodic accelerations by pressorreceptor reflex due to intermittent disturbance in umbilico-placental perfusion.

Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous↗
PubMed1988

[Use of a computer system in perinatal data collection].

We present a computer system for obstetrical and perinatological data collection. All deliveries of the years 1984, 1985, and 1986 have been collected with this data collection program, so that there is how a data base containing 7,975 data records. A relational data base was chosen for data collection and storage. Either off-line or on-line data collection is possible by medical users via menu monitoring. Various possibilities of use are described.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1987

The antihypertensive effect of lisinopril compared to atenolol in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

In a multicenter, parallel, double-blind study, lisinopril was compared with atenolol in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Four hundred ninety patients were randomized to a once-a-day treatment with lisinopril 20 mg or atenolol 50 mg for 4 weeks, and the doses of lisinopril or atenolol were increased up to 80 mg or 200 mg, respectively, at 4-week intervals if sitting diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) was not well controlled. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 or 25 mg was added after 12 weeks, if necessary, and titrated upward after 4 weeks to a maximum dose of 25 or 50 mg/day. Lisinopril and atenolol reduced SDBP to a similar extent. All reductions from baseline in sitting diastolic and systolic blood pressure were significant (less than 0.01). Lisinopril produced a significant (less than 0.01) greater reduction in sitting systolic blood pressure (SSBP) than atenolol. Addition of HCTZ caused further blood pressure reductions (p less than 0.01). Five patients (1.7%) on lisinopril and four (2.0%) on atenolol developed skin rashes during weeks 1-12. Two patients (0.7%) on lisinopril 80 mg developed proteinuria (greater than 1 g/day). Cough occurred more often with lisinopril (4.5%), and elevated triglycerides occurred more often with atenolol (2.0%).

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1987

Enzymic synthesis of caffeoylglucaric Acid from chlorogenic Acid and glucaric Acid by a protein preparation from tomato cotyledons.

The phenylpropane metabolism of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) cotyledons was investigated. The HPLC analysis revealed two hydroxycinnamic-acid conjugates as major components, identified as chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid) and caffeoylglucaric acid (2-O- or 5-O-caffeoyl-glucaric acid). Quantitative analyses indicated a precursor-product relationship between the chlorogenic and caffeoylglucaric acids. Protein preparations from tomato cotyledons were found to catalyze the formation of caffeoylglucaric acid with chlorogenic acid as acyl donor and free glucaric acid as acceptor molecule. This enzyme activity, possibly to be classified as hydroxycinnamoylquinic acid:glucaric acid hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, acts together with hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: quinic acid hydroxycinnamoyltransferase.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Apolipoproteins C-II and C-III in serum quantified by zone immunoelectrophoresis.

Zone immunoelectrophoresis assays specific for apolipoprotein C-II and C-III have been developed. These simple, accurate, reproducible, and sensitive methods present valid alternatives to conventional immunoassays. In fasting normolipidemic men and women the concentrations of apolipoprotein C-II and C-III were 49 (SD 25) mg/L and 124 (SD 60) mg/L, respectively, with no sex-related differences for either apolipoprotein. The frequency distribution of apolipoprotein C-II was skewed to the right, whereas apolipoprotein C-III was bimodally distributed. Concentrations of each apolipoprotein correlated well with one another and with that of serum triglycerides, but there was virtually no correlation between the apolipoprotein C-II to C-III mass ratio and the concentration of triglycerides. Apolipoprotein C-III, but not apolipoprotein C-II, was statistically associated with total cholesterol.

Apolipoprotein C-II↗
PubMed1986

[Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with genital contact infections in Austria--studies of 3,367 patients].

In order to evaluate the epidemiological importance of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) as a genital microorganism, data were obtained from 3,367 patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Vienna and analyzed by computer-assisted methods. C. trachomatis was cultured in 26.1% of 2,594 patients investigated for the first time. The microorganism was found more often in male patients (31.3%) than in female patients (21%). 32.2% of positive Chlamydia cultures were obtained from patients with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) and 64% from postgonococcal urethritis (PGU) patients. A high coincidence with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) was detected in males (31.2%) and females (43.5%). Data on Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) show that, in contrast to the low incidence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in males, the organisms were found predominantly in females.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of plasma lipoproteins by ultracentrifugation in a new fixed angle rotor: evaluation of a phosphotungstic acid/MgCl2 precipitation and a quantitative lipoprotein electrophoresis assay.

A routine procedure for the ultracentrifugal analysis of human plasma lipoproteins by means of a fixed angle rotor was developed. It was applied as reference method for the evaluation of two widely used procedures of lipoprotein analysis, i.e. measurement of HDL-cholesterol after precipitation of the apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins with a new phosphotungstic acid/MgCl2 reagent, and a quantitative lipoprotein electrophoresis system. A new statistical approach to the multivariate comparison of analytical methods, the linear structural relationship model, has been applied. The HDL-cholesterol levels measured after phosphotungstic acid/MgCl2 precipitation agreed well to those determined by ultracentrifugation, whereas electrophoretically quantified alpha-lipoprotein-cholesterol exceeded the ultracentrifugal HDL-cholesterol. The Friedewald formula obviously underestimated LDL-cholesterol due to an overestimation of VLDL-cholesterol, whereas the electrophoretically quantified pre-beta- and beta-lipoprotein-cholesterol levels fairly coincided with the respective ultracentrifugal measurements. The inter-assay reproducibility of the HDL-cholesterol determination after phosphotungstic acid/MgCl2 precipitation and subsequent LDL-cholesterol quantification according to Friedewald was statistically equivalent to that of ultracentrifugation, whereas the quantitative lipoprotein electrophoresis proved less precise.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clotting properties in diverse valve prostheses.

With regard to both hemolysis and thrombophilia the St. Jude Medical prosthesis shows only minor alterations in comparison to normals. The most significant alterations concerning platelets and hemolysis have been found in patients with Starr-Edwards prostheses. Even in tissue valves, major alterations of the clotting system and chronic intravascular hemolysis were found. For long-term anticoagulation in mechanical prostheses--even with sinus rhythm--vitamin K antagonists should be preferred. During the first months of gravidity only heparin can be recommended. In St. Jude Medical valves anticoagulation with dicumarolum must be recommended; whether antiaggregation drugs can be recommended is not yet proved. Anticoagulation may be discontinued three months after tissue valve implantation if there are no additional risk factors. Diminishing platelet adhesivity in tissue valves may support these conclusions.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1986

[Compartment pressure measurements with a wick catheter].

There is no generally accepted method for compartmental pressure measurement, as yet. Substantial disadvantages are implied in methods based on outflow resistance measurement, and, above all, these methods are hardly suitable for long-time pressure measurement nor for objectivation of dynamic pressure alterations. Described in this paper is the authors' own method, using a wick catheter. It is highly reproducible and is characterised by high measuring dynamics. A comparatively large amount of hardware is required. Evidence is produced to the impact of differentiated conditions of examination on measuring results. Values measured by means of this method in the anterotibial compartment of the lower leg did not normally exceed a pressure level of 2.0 kPa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of local estriol therapy on the urethral pressure profile in the postmenopausal period].

Measurements of the pressure in the urethra were performed under standardized conditions with the aid of perfused catheters in 20 fertile and 20 postmenopausal women, from it 12 women after local estrogen therapy by means of Ostriol-Ovula. Hormone-cytological swabs from the urethra, vagina and from the urinary cells were done. Proliferation of the urogenital epithelialia under the estriol-therapy and an ascent of the MUP and MUCP in the urethra pressure profile under resting conditions could be achieved. The maximum of the pressure profile could be displaced proximaly. In the urethra pressure profile the distal pressure transmission increased. Estriol therapy was without secondary effects and is suitable for the conservative therapy of the stress incontinence type I to III.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1985

A randomized crossover comparison of two low-dose contraceptives: effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins.

The effect of a triphasic combination of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel upon various lipoprotein parameters was compared to that of a preparation that contained ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel on days 6, 11, 21, and 28 of a control cycle, the third cycle of treatment with either ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel or ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (11 volunteers each), the third cycle of a 3-month washout period, and the third treatment cycle after crossover change of the preparations. Significant increases were found in total triglycerides (15% to 20%) and phospholipids (8%) with both preparations, whereas total cholesterol and lipoprotein Lp(a) were not altered. High-density lipoprotein triglycerides (50% to 60%) and high-density lipoprotein-3 cholesterol (10% to 15%) were elevated by both contraceptives, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol only by ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (11%), whereas high-density lipoprotein phospholipids, high-density lipoprotein-2 phospholipids, high-density lipoprotein-3 phospholipids, and high-density lipoprotein-2 cholesterol were not influenced. Both ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel increased apolipoproteins A (14%), A-I (20% to 30%), and A-II (25% to 35%) significantly. Very low-density lipoprotein triglycerides were elevated (30%) only by ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel, and low-density lipoprotein phospholipids (20%) by both ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel, whereas the other parameters, very low-density lipoprotein phospholipids, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B, were not significantly changed. Provided that the assumption is correct that high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B and low high-density lipoprotein subfractions and apolipoprotein A are associated with an elevated risk of atherosclerosis, the results seem to represent beneficial rather than deleterious side effects of the low-dose oral contraceptives.

Adult↗