[Ranitidine, cimetidine and the prevention of stress ulcers].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
W Friedl
Publications and source records attributed to W Friedl.
[The value of radiotherapy after modified radical mastectomy. 10-year results of the Heidelberg study].
Modified radical mastectomy was performed in 142 female patients with operable carcinoma of the breast. One of the two prospectively randomised groups received postoperative radiotherapy with 6000 rad. Survival rates were equal for both groups. Follow-up radiotherapy had a beneficial influence on survival rate and rate of distant metastases in median tumour sites. In lateral tumour localization the course of disease was less favourable with radiotherapy than without. Local relapse rates were slightly, however not significantly, lower after irradiation. The decisive prognostic criterium is T- and N-stage at the time of diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
Genetic control of adrenergic receptors on human platelets. A twin study.
It was examined whether genetic factors are involved in the expression of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors on human platelets, as measured with 3H-yohimbine as ligand. The twin series comprised 17 monozygotic and 15 dizygotic adult, healthy, male, drug-free twin pairs. For control of intraindividual and interassay variation, 13 unrelated pairs of subjects were examined. Bmax values for 3H-yohimbine binding (range 91-305 fmol/mg protein) proved to be under considerable genetic control; this was not the case for KD values. Different possible genetic mechanisms are discussed.
Adult↗
3H-imipramine binding in platelets: influence of varying proportions of intact platelets in membrane preparations on binding.
Human platelets possess high-affinity 3H-imipramine binding sites. A study in ten healthy volunteers showed that platelet preparations produced by mechanical disruption contained varying proportions of intact platelets, as measured by the cytoplasmic marker enzyme LDH. This may invalidate the protein reference. Higher proportions of membranes in the preparations lead to higher Bmax values of imipramine binding (fmol/mg protein). The use of intact platelets in imipramine binding studies is therefore preferable to membrane preparations, particularly in studies where the interindividual variation of binding parameters is of interest.
Blood Platelets↗
Effect of ranitidine and cimetidine twice daily on the 24 h intragastric acidity in man.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Platelet MAO activity and high risk for psychopathology in a German population.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
[A new microglossary for biopsy pathology].
The documentation of surgical biopsy reports involves the ordering, processing and retrieval of their informative content. Large amounts of data require computerization, which in turn demands a hierarchical code for optimal exploitation. The best coded nomenclature at present is the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED), which was developed from the Systematized Nomenclature of Pathology (1965) after a 10-year trial and systematic evaluation. This system is based on the principle of facet classification and was conceived especially for computerized data processing. A microglossary is a strict subset of diagnostic terms for one particular field, which has been chosen from the entire set of medical terms available. The microglossary for computerized processing of biopsy data, which is currently being developed at the Department of Pathology of Graz University, is presented in this paper.
Austria↗
Quantitative and qualitative assay of amniotic-fluid acetylcholinesterase in the prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects.
In 110 amniotic fluids the specific acetylcholinesterase was determined quantitatively and qualitatively. In the quantitative assay there were a considerable number of false positives and false negatives, although the mean value of the normal controls differed significantly from that of neural tube defect pregnancies. By the electrophoretic separation of acetylcholinesterase, however, all fluid samples with borderline alpha-fetoprotein levels or fetal blood contamination could be correctly classified. With the exception of one skin-covered spina bifida all neural tube defects in the second trimester could be identified by this method. The second fast-moving band characteristic of the specific acetylcholinesterase was also present in abdominal wall defects and intrauterine death.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
Platelet monoamine oxidase in healthy subjects: the "biochemical high-risk paradigm" revisited.
Activity of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) has repeatedly been reported to be associated with various forms of psychopathology. This investigation was designed to reexamine the "biochemical high-risk paradigm" developed by Buchsbaum et al. (1976). In 383 healthy students (193 males, 190 females) platelet MAO activity was measured. The 35 students with the lowest and 37 with the highest enzyme activities were then examined with three personality tests (16 PF of Cattell, Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire). Furthermore, biographic data with respect to psychosocial problems were explored. There were no consistent differences between subjects with low or high MAO. Therefore, we could not confirm any correlation between psychopathology and platelet MAO in this study.
Adult↗
Intraindividual stability and extent of genetic determination of platelet monoamine oxidase activity.
Intraindividual stability and extent of genetic determination of platelet MAO activity with tryptamine as substrate was evaluated. Repeated determinations on the same days as well as during an interval of 1-30 days show a high intraindividual stability of MAO. Reexamination of subjects who had formerly been selected because of either low or high MAO activity led to a "regression to the mean", thus pointing to a certain influence of environmental factors on the enzyme values. Twin and family studies, however, show a remarkable influence of genetic factors.
Blood Platelets↗
Platelet MAO activity in patients with affective psychosis and their first-degree relatives.
26 patients with affective psychoses, 11 with the unipolar and 15 with the bipolar form of the disease, 102 first-degree relatives and healthy controls matched for age and sex were examined for their platelet MAO activity. For evaluation of enzyme activity kinetic parameters as well as activities under saturation conditions were determined. The degree of depression was estimated by two standard self-rating depression scales. Intrafamilial correlation of MAO was found. MAO activities of patients did not differ from controls, and there was no consistent difference in MAO between the relatives and their controls. Neither among patients nor among relatives or controls were there indications for a relationship between MAO and the degree of depression. Reduced MAO activity cannot be regarded as a genetic marker of vulnerability to affective psychosis.
Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
Low platelet MAO activity and schizophrenia: sex differences.
The authors compared platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenic patients and normal controls. A significant reduction in the enzyme activity was found in the male schizophrenic patients but not in the females. No differences were detected among the subgroups of schizophrenia. Sources of bias and the possible mechanism for the findings are discussed.
Adult↗
Further evidence for a correlation between EEG synchronization and plasma DBH activity in normal subjects.
In a former investigation we had got evidence for a relationship between synchronization of the resting EEG and plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in healthy males. In order to substantiate this finding we now examined a new sample of males and a sample of females, both with either low-voltage or monotonous alpha-EEGs, and relatives of probands with either EEG type. In the new sample of males, the carriers of a low-voltage EEG (n = 15) again had significantly lower plasma DBH activity than the subjects with a monotonous alpha-EEG (n = 16). In females there was no difference. In the families of probands with a monotonous alpha-EEG the relatives carrying the trait significantly exceeded non-trait-carriers in DBH activity. This effect is mainly due to the male subjects, confirming the results in the proband groups. Presumably there are common genetic factors that contribute to the variability of both the EEG and DBH.--Taking into account experimental findings on central catecholaminergic activity and EEG synchronization, a hypothesis on the mechanisms that are responsible for the relationship is proposed.
Brain↗
Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients.
Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) is under genetic control. A lower MAO activity in chronic schizophrenia has repeatedly been reported, and it has been suggested that reduced activity of this enzyme reflects an increased vulnerability to schizophrenia. To test this hypothesis platelet MAO was determined in 65 first-degree relatives of 22 schizophrenic index patients and in matched healthy controls. No difference in mean activity between the two samples could be detected, suggesting that reduced MAO activity in schizophrenia is more likely to be a phenomenon secondary to the disease. A significant parent-offspring correlation of MAO activities was obtained.
Adolescent↗
Plasma DBH, platelet MAO and proteins of red blood cell membranes in individuals with variants of the normal EEG.
Plasma DBH, platelet MAO and proteins of red blood cell membranes were examined in healthy male carriers of variants of the normal resting EEG. The variants included low-voltage EEG, badly synchronized alpha-EEG, diffuse beta-EEG and monotonous alpha-EEG. Mean DBH activity of the low-voltage EEG group was only half that of the monotonous alpha-EEG group. No difference between EEG types in platelet MAO activity and in polypeptide pattern of erythrocyte membranes after electrophoresis could be detected.
Adult↗
Genetic influences on pharmacodynamic properties of psychotropic drugs.
Most of the well-known examples of pharmacogenetics are based on differences of biotransformation and elimination of drugs. Since a drug interacts with a genetically determined biological target, hereditary differences on the pharmacodynamic level are also probable. Especially psychotropics show interindividual variation in their pharmacological effects. The differential effects of psychotropic drugs on the EEG presumably reflect genetic differences of brain function. Lithium transport across the erythrocyte membrane exhibits large interindividual differences that have a genetic basis, and that possibly indicate a link between lithium transport and manic-depressive psychosis.
Animals↗
[The sex differences in the normal resting EEG of young adults (author's transl)].
In order to investigate the sex differences in the normal resting EEG, 488 healthy students (290 males and 198 females) were examined using a computer program for time domain analysis. Women show on the average more beta-waves, less alpha-waves, higher beta-amplitudes, higher average frequencies, and other signs of a higher average level of arousal. However, the total variability of all examined EEG parameters is present in both sexes. There are some hints that laterality of EEG in precentral leads could be more pronounced in males than in females.
Adult↗
[The resting EEG in relation to neurovegetative status and spatial perception in normal young adults (author's transl)].
The relationship between measurable EEG-parameters and an index of irritability of the autonomous system was examined. The data consisted of the resting EEGs of 488 adult students, 290 male and 198 female. Time-domain analysis was used for computerized evaluation. Females showed a significantly higher average autonomous irritability index than males. Moreover, positive correlations were found between this index and the number of occipital beta-waves; the correlation with number of alpha-waves was negative. Amplitudes tend to be correlated negatively with the index; most correlations are stronger in females than in males. In 73 proband, 35 male and 43 female,--carriers of various inherited EEG-variants and age- and sex-matched controls,--spatial perception was examined by the WU-subtest of the "Intelligenzstrukturtest" (Amthauer). Males showed significantly higher average test values than females, and in women, a significant relationship between occipital EEG and space perception was found. There appears to be a positive association between space perception and amplitude of occipital alpha- and beta-waves. On the other hand, however, carriers of the typical low-voltage EEG show very good space perception despite their low amplitudes of occipital alpha- and beta-waves.
Adult↗