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Biomedical subjects

W Dorda

Publications and source records attributed to W Dorda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Human tear lysozyme. A comparison of electro-immunodiffusion, radial immunodiffusion and a spectrophotometric assay.

In 116 persons (67 men and 49 woman) the tear fluid of both eyes was collected using paper discs and once more after topical anaesthesia. After weighing the discs and eluting the tear fluid, the lysozyme content was measured using two immunological methods [radial immunodiffusion (RID) and rocket immuno-electrophoresis (RIE)] and a spectrophotometric assay. Standard curves were established with purified human lysozyme and egg-white lysozyme. In addition, albumin was determined in all the samples by rocket immuno-electrophoresis. All lysozyme assays showed a high degree of correlation, the spectrophotometric technique giving significantly lower values (compared with RID and RIE) when human lysozyme was used for standardization. The lysozyme content of the tears did not correlate with the fluid uptake in the discs, but showed a significant decrease with age, which was abolished by topical anaesthesia. In contrast, albumin levels were dependent upon the weight and independent of the age of the patient. It is suggested that the determination of albumin as a "reference protein' might help in comparing the results of different tear sampling techniques used by various groups, which induce variable amounts of reflex tearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Evidence for negative correlation between quantitative histological studies and microradiography of iliac crest bone and forearm osteodensitometry in elderly women with osteoporosis.

Quantitative histomorphometric and microradiographic analysis of iliac crest bone biopsy specimens of 10 unselected and untreated postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was performed and the results were correlated with the values measured by osteodensitometry on the right forearm. No positive correlation between histomorphometry or microradiography and osteodensitometry was observed. Moreover, the data of various histomorphometric parameters and those of the bone mineral content measured by microradiography revealed a significant negative correlation when compared to the values obtained by osteodensitometry. Our results suggest, that evaluation of one skeletal site is not necessarily representative of the entire skeleton in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Effect of bezafibrate on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins AI, AII and B and LCAT activity in hyperlipidemic, non-insulin-dependent diabetics.

The effect of bezafibrate on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins AI, AII and B, and LCAT activity was investigated in 16 hyperlipidemic, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, who were treated for 8 weeks with either placebo or bezafibrate in a double-blind cross-over design. Bezafibrate induced a significant decrease in plasma triglycerides (P less than 0.01), cholesterol (P less than 0.05), VLDL triglycerides (P less than 0.05) and VLDL cholesterol (P less than 0.01), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (P less than 0.01), whereas LDL cholesterol remained unchanged. The apolipoprotein AI/apolipoprotein B ratio increased significantly (P less than 0.05), although individual changes in these apolipoproteins were not significant. Apolipoprotein AII increased significantly (P less than 0.05), although individual changes in these apolipoproteins were not significant. Apolipoprotein AII increased significantly (P less than 0.0001) and the apolipoprotein AI/apolipoprotein AII ratio decreased (P less than 0.0001), indicating an increase in the HDL3 rather than the HDL2 fraction. No significant change in LCAT activity was observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Clinical relevance of radiologic examination of the skeleton and bone density measurements in osteoporosis of old age.

For the diagnosis of primary osteoporosis, various semiquantitative radiologic methods were compared in 149 unselected patients, aged over 50 years. Crush fracture syndrome (CFS), lumbar spine index (LSI), and Singh Index (SI) were assessed by three radiologists and after reevaluation, the intra- and interobserver errors were calculated. The reliability of the subjective grading was improved by joint and repeated reading of the radiographs. Additionally, the peripheral trabecular bone content was measured by photonabsorptiondensitometry (PAD). To test the value of the various semiquantitative methods, LSI, SI, and PAD have been compared with sex-matching before and after separation into age in decades in CFS-positive and CFS-negative patients. In an attempt to differentiate osteoporotics and non-osteoporotics by CFS, our results indicate that CFS-positive and CFS-negative males cannot be separated by LSI, SI, and PAD, whereas in females these methods can discriminate irrespective of the age in decades. However, in age related groups, only SI can discriminate significantly between CFS-positive and CFS-negative females. Correlation of the semiquantitative methods, regardless of the diagnosis of a CFS, revealed a significant correlation-between SI and PAD, but no correlation between LSI and SI, and LSI and PAD, respectively.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1980

The effect of acetyl-salicylic-acid pretreatment on re-formed aqueous humor. A study of intracapsular lens extraction in the human eye.

Aqueous humor (a.h.) was sampled in 67 patients operated on for cataract by intracapsular lens extraction at the start and finish of surgery. Twenty eight of these patients received pretreatment with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA), to a total of 2.5 g, beginning 18 hours prior to surgery. A serum sample was drawn immediately following the operation from 55 patients. Using radial immunodiffusion, albumin and IgG were measured in primary and secondary a.h. and in serum. The group pretreated with ASA showed a significantly smaller relative increase of IgG (P < 0.05). The increase of the proteins, however, showed no dependence on their serum-level and the only side-effect of the treatment was an unexplained rise in serum-albumin. The possible clinical application of patients with a high risk of postoperative complications is briefly summarized.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1980

[Pulmonary function patterns in patients with left heart failure (author's transl].

Pulmonary function patterns were found to be different in patients with "pure" mitral stenosis (= 29), with concomitant mitral incompetence (n = 18) and with coronary heart disease (n = 12). Lung function in "pure" mitral stenosis has a trend to increased airway resistance with low vital capacity, without any statistical correlation between lung function data and hemodynamics. Coronary heart disease, in contrast, was found to show lung function abnormalities indicating increased pulmonary capillary volume and passive pulmonary hypertension, both being compatible with latent congestive failure. The group with combined mitral valve disease represented an intermediate type of cardiac lung. It can be concluded that a reflex mechanism is important in mitral stenosis between interstitial lung tissue and bronchomotor tone, but not necessarily between left atrium and pulmonary arteriolar tone. This reflex apparently is weaker in combined mitral valve disease and practically absent in coronary heart disease, where the expected lung function pattern compatible with early congestion should be encountered. The different pattern of mitral stenosis seems however, not to be related to the valve stenosis, but to the longstanding increase in pressures. The same mechanisms have been demonstrated in patients with acute left heart failure.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1979

Immediate changes in protein-concentration in aqueous humor induced by intracapsular lens extraction in human eyes.

In 71 patients that underwent intracapsular extraction of the cataract it was possible to collect aqueous humor (a.h.) in sufficient quantities at the beginning and at the end of the operation. Using radial immunodiffusion albumin, IgG and alpha-1-antitrypsin were measured in the samples. In secondary a.h. huge variations in the concentrations were apparent. The primary permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier and the time between sampling had no influence on the relative increase of the proteins. No statistically significant difference was found between normotensives and hypertensives and patients with or without myopia of higher degree (over 6 diopters). The relative increase of proteins according to their difference in molecular weight followed the same pattern as described for anterior uveitis. In patients for whom an enzymatic zonulolysis with trypsin was used for the extraction, the relative increase of IgG was significantly smaller than in those that did not receive this treatment (P less than 0.005). The possible sources contributing to the formation of secondary a.h. are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Renal failure and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung (author's transl)].

Reduced carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung (DLCO) is reported in patients with impaired renal function. Since DLCO also depends on the pulmonary capillary blood volume the role of renal anaemia was evaluated. Measurements were carried out in 43 azotaemic patients [serum creatinine (SKr) 1.5 to 14.0 mg/100 ml], without evidence of cardiovascular or pulmonary complications of uraemia, of SKr, haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and steady state DLCO. In the case of DLCO values allowance was made for body surface area and thoracic gas volume. The relation was studied of the corrected DLCO to SKr and to Hb. There was a higher statistical correlation between DLCO and Hb than between DLCO and SKr. After additional correction of DLCO for Hb, no correlation to SKr was found. It is concluded that the reduction in DLCO in uraemia is due largely to a low Hb and, hence, to renal anaemia rather than to uraemic damage of interstitial lung tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The blood-aqueous barrier and its permeability for proteins of different molecular weight.

In aqueous humors and sera from 44 patients with cataracts, albumin, IgG, and alpha-1-antitrypsin were measured using radial immunodiffusion. The mean concentrations of the three proteins were significantly smaller than values found in aqueous humors taken post mortem, but corresponded well to values found in cerebrospinal fluid. No statistically significant difference was found between men and women, normotensives and hypertensives, and patients with or without myopia of high degree (greater than 6 diopters). A slight increase in protein concentrations in older patients and a relative decrease of alpha-1-antitrypsin is described. The aqueous humor-serum quotients of the different proteins showed a higher correlation than did the concentration of the proteins in aqueous humors.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Results of screening for diabetes within the health-care program of vienna (author's transl)].

Within the health-care program of Vienna 1577 volunteers (1203 female, 374 male persons) were screened for diabetes mellitus during 1975/76. Besides measurement of glucose tolerance one hour after the ingestion of 100 g glucose the following parameters were analyzed: cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and blood pressure. Male persons had a slightly decreased glucose tolerance; a distinct relationship with age was found in both sexes. After elimination of volunteers in whom pathological results were obtained with respect to other examined parameters, a significantly greater glucose tolerance was found in the remaining "normal" group. There are no parameters which are closely correlated with glucose tolerance although it was possible to reject the null-hypothesis in several cases due to the large sample involved. For statistical reasons (test sensitivity, test specificity, prevalence of disease) single glucose-tolerance measurements do not give enough evidence for diagnosing diabetes mellitus. Depending on the aims of the screening program one has to define the detection limits as well as frequency of retesting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of oscillation method and body plethysmography for assessment of airway resistance (author's transl)].

Airway resistance was measured by body plethysmography and also by an oscillographic method for assessment of the impedance of the respiratory tract. The results were compared in 42 unselected patients. The correlation between the two values for airway resistance was satisfactory (r = 0,804 p less than 0,001). However, when correlation was sought between each type of resistance-value and other lung function data (FEV1, IGV), the resistance measured by plethymography correlated better than the one measured by the oscillation method. This difference was even more pronounced when 21 patients with manifest bronchospasm were reevaluated after bronchodilatation. Nevertheless, the oscillation method for assessment of the resistance of the respiratory tract serves as a new and practicable tool for bed-side lung function testing, as well as for testing of patients who are unable to cooperate for routine spirography.

Adolescent↗