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Biomedical subjects

W Brendel

Publications and source records attributed to W Brendel.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[The clinical use of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) (author's transl)].

ALG is mainly used for immunosuppressive treatment following organ transplants. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of ALG in kidney, bone marrow and skin transplantation. Pilot studies describe a therapeutic effect in human autoaggression. A possible therapeutic effect, however, depends upon the strict observation of the following criteria: 1. Adequate dosage (20 mg/kg and more). 2. Intravenous application. 3. Suppression of sensitization against xenogeneic globulin by induction of immunological unresponsiveness before ALG-treatment (prevention of allergic complications and increase of ALG efficacy). Previously published negative results with ALG can be explained by failure to comply with the above criteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Experimental xenografting in widely divergent species: Interaction of humoral factors in hyperacute xenograft rejection in the rat-dog system (author's transl)].

The purpose of this paper is to test serum factors which are by interaction with cells responsible for the HXAR. Special stress was laid upon the examination of different serum fractions with or without the presence of preformed natural antibodies. Xenohemoperfusion: Rat kidneys were isolated and perfused in vitro with both whole blood resp. serum fractions and various perpheral cells of dogs. Rejection criterion was the diminishing renal blood flow at a constant pressure of the perfusion. Perfusate: Dog serum fractions were isolated by means of carton electrophoresis into the following fractions: Albumin, alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and gamma-globulin. Dog peripheral blood cells were separated into WBC, RBC and platelets by means of centrifugation and washing of EDTA whole blood. The serum fractions were tested for antibodies using hemagglutination and complement fixation techniques. 1. Hemoperfusion with serum fractions leads to a longer perfusion rate and to higher renal blood flow than perfusion with whole dog blood. 2. No preformed natural antibodies were found in the alpha-2 globulin fractions; however, perfusion with alpha-2 globulin fractions produced a rejection phenomenon both in combination with cells and erythrocytes. 3. Perfusion with serum fractions containing preformed natural antibodies produced a rejection only when WBC and thrombocytes were present. These results suggest that HXAR is induced by two different mechanisms: 1. The effect of humoral natural antibodies (found in the beta and gamma globulin fraction) together with peripheral cells. 2. The effect of a non-immunological humoral factor, found in the alpha-2 globulin fraction, leading to destruction of the xenogeneic organ, obviously to a minor degree dependent on interaction with peripheral cells.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1975

Concentration and transport of different sugars in the lymph of the thoracic duct and in blood of the portal vein in dogs after enteral and parenteral administration.

The uptake and distribution of glucose, galactose, fructose and inulin in dogs was investigated in the lymph of the thoracic duct and in different blood vessels after enteral and parenteral administration. Whereas inulin could be detected neither in the lymph nor in portal venous blood after enteral administration, all other sugars were found in different concentrations in blood and lymph. Although the concentration of different sugars in the lymph after enteral and parenteral application can be compared to that in serum, the amount of sugars transported via the lymphatics is so small that it can be neglected.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Application of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a carrier for kallikrein.

Kallikrein covalently attached to polyvinylpyrrolidone was prepared. The kinetic parameters, the molecular weight and the blood pressure depressor effect of kallikrein and kallikrein bound to polyvinylpyrrolidone are compared. Analytical ultracentrifugation showed a mean molecular weight of 110 000 dalton for kallikrein bound to polyvinylpyrrolidone. The specific activity of kallikrein-PVP was 4.6 times lower when compared with native kallikrein, however K-M was only slightly different. The maximal reduction and the duration of the decrease of mean arterial blood pressure were statistically not different from each other when kallikrein and kallikrein-PVP were injected in amounts of the same esterolytic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Lymph flow following ligation of the ductus thoracicus in dogs].

Already few hours after artificial occlusion of the thoracic duct of dogs different communications appear between the lymphatic and the venous system: 1. Lymphovenous communications in the cervical area leading to the right venous angle. 2. Lymphovenous communications at heart level leading to the right venous angle. These lymphovenous communications seem to be preformed anastomoses, which are opened by an increase of the intralymphatic pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Immunologic studies in patients with clinical human albumin incompatibility].

17 cases of clinical incompatibility reactions due to human serum albumin were examined. The reactions consisted of tachycardia, fever, exanthema and hypotension. Regarding the onset of time, "early" and "late" reactions were distinguished. Pollution of the administered albumin batches as etiologic factor was excluded. The results of immunodiffusion, antigen elimination and skin tests suggest a pathogenetic influence of immunological reactions. The application of further purified albumin solutions might reduce the frequency of incompatibility reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Ductus thoracicus drainage in man. Changes of the lymph cells and protein fractions].

1. During thoracic duct drainage a significant decrease of serum beta- and gammaglobulins can be found. 2. The withdrawn lymphprotein can be sufficiently substituted by human serum albumin. 3. The number of small lymphocytes decreases significantly during thoracic duct drainage, while the number of large lymphocytes and lymphoid cells increases. 4. The drainage of thoracic duct in humans is a highly immuno-suppressive procedure without major risks.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1975

[Further in-vitro studies on the mechanism of hyperacute xenogenic rejection reaction (HXAR)].

Rat kidneys (donor organs) were perfused in an in-vitro perfusion circuit using blood or modified blood from the dog (recipient). Hyperacute xenogeneic rejection (HXR) in widely divergent species system could even be seen, when preformed natural antibodies were absent. These data presented suggest that this form of HXR is at least partially induced by nonspecific (equals nonimmunologic complement activation, followed by complement mediated disease (liberation of vasoactive and other substances leading to increased permeability. e. g. Anaphylatoxin) of the donor kidneys.

Anaphylaxis↗