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Biomedical subjects

W Brendel

Publications and source records attributed to W Brendel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Radioactive microsphere studies of stomach wall blood flow in dogs following truncular vagotomy].

Blood flow in the mucosa of fundus and antrum behave quite contrary after TV: Whereas mucosal flow of the fundus is reduced, mucosal flow of the antrum increases significantly. But 3 weeks after TV flow values of the fundus are in the range of the initial blood flow and are decreased significantly in the antrum. The early diminution of the blood flow in the mucosa of the fundus can be partly responsible for the favourable effect of TV, which is observed on erosive bleedings in this region.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Anaphylactoid reactions due to non-immune complex serum protein aggregates.

The infusion of aggregate-containing i.v. human gamma-globulin as well as human serum albumin can lead to severe anaphylactoid reactions with decrease in mean arterial pressure, increase in pulmonary artery pressure and decrease in cardiac output in unsensitized dogs, while the deaggregated solutions are well tolerated. During these anaphylactoid reactions, no significant changes in the serum complement activity of the dogs were observed. In clinical human serum albumin incompatibility, stimulation with albumin aggregates led to a high response in the lymphocyte culture, whereas deaggregated albumin had no stimulatory effect. By deaggregation of horse anti-human lymphocyte globulin prior to clinical administration, the compatibility of ALG therapy was improved.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1976

[Scoring system for evaluation of severity and progress of chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

From the anamnestic data of 50 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis a severity scoring system was developed, based on the duration of the disease, the time of hospitalization and the number of surgical interventions. The clinical course of 18 patients, undergoing an autovaccination treatment, was registered by another scoring system ("Munich-Murnau-Scale") regarding wound morphology, bone radiology and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Cumulation and elimination of horse-anti-dog lymphocyte and normal horse gammaglobulin in dogs.

Two groups of dogs received daily intravenous doses of 20 mg/kg 131-I-labelled horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin or normal horse gammaglobulin respectively over a period of 11 days. Horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin showed a significantly higher eleimination rate than normal horse gammaglobulin. In contrary to the continuous increase in serum radioactivity during normal horse gammaglobulin treatment, there was a plateau after the 5th day in the horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin group. The xenogeneic protein concentration, measured with the single radial immunodiffusion technique, at the end of treatment was 165 +/- 8 mg/1 in the horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin, compared to 498 +/- 15 mg/1 in the normal horse gammaglobulin group. After treatment horse-anti-dog-lymphocyte globulin treated animals showed a significantly higher increase in active hemagglutination titer against horse erythrocytes with an average of 2(-8).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Long-term graft survival in the xenogeneic system wolf-dog (author's transl)].

In contrast to the zoological definition that wolf and dog belong to different species, it is shown by this study that in terms of immunology both species appear to be even closer related than DL-A compatible and MLC negative unrelated dogs. However, this close relationship is not expressed in DL-A or MLC tissue typing. Wolf skin-graft survival time in untreated dogs was 12,5, in ALG-treated dogs 85,6 days. The survival time in this system may be less dpendent on DL-A or MLC histocompatibility than on other genetic systems, which are hitherto not sufficiently defined. An accidental, speciesspecific accordance in these systems may explain the obviously weak histocompatbility barrier between wolf and dog. It is concluded that in certain species-combinations xenotransplantation could be more successful than random allotransplantation. The availability of a xenogeneic species related to man similar as wolf to dog would markedly facilitate clinical xenotransplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. Attempt at oral autovaccine therapy].

18 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis were treated by oral autovaccination. 11 patients showed significant improvement of clinical condition. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by a scoring system considering the wound morphology, the bone radiology and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The most pronounced clinical improvements were observed in patients with established delayed type hypersensitivity against staphylococci.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Chronic posttraumatic ostemyelitis. 3. Immunopathological aspects].

3. Immunological aspects 90 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis were examined immunologically. In 10-20% of the patients serum immunoglobulin levels were changed. Only 45% of the patients with staphylococcal infection had a positive anti-staphylolysin titer. In 10% of the patients so-called wound-specific antibodies were demonstrated; their possible autoimmune origin is discussed. A comparison of three groups of patients according to the immunological reactivity "hypoimmune", "humoral hyper-immune" and "cellular hyperimmune" showed that the worst clinical courses were observed in patinets with established delayed type hypersensitivity.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1976

[Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. 2. Circulation problems].

Blood volume and total body water was determined in 20 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and compared to the values from 15 healthy volunteers. Only patients who were unable to leave the bed, showed a marked decrease in circulating blood volume of more than 10%. Total body water remained essentially unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Humoral and cell-mediated immune reactions in chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

The humoral and cell mediated immune response was investigated in 90 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. In 10-20% of the patients the serum IgG and IgM was increased, in 5-10% the levels were decreased. The values were compared with those of a control group of 35 normal healthy volunteers. Of 55 patients with staphylococcal infection only 25 had a positive antistaphylolysin titer. Eleven out of 25 patients with staphylococcal osteomyelitis showed a positive in vitro lymphocyte transformation after stimulation with alpha-staphylolysin (mean transformation rate 5.4 equal to or less than 0.9). The phytohemagglutinin and the pokeweed-mitogen response were normal. A comparison of the immunological reactivity of the patients and the clinical severity of the disease showed that patients with established delayed-type hypersensitivity phenomena suffered a significantly worse clinical course of the disease.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

Anaphylactoid reactions due to hydroxyethyl starch infusion.

Incompatibility reactions due to hydroxyethyl starch (HES) were observed during 8 out of 10,273 infusions of 500 ml 6% HES (Plasmasteril). The clinical symptoms ranged from skin reactions to tachycardia, hypotension and shock. In 3 of the 8 patients with incompatibility serum immunoglobulin concentrations were reduced after the anaphylactoid reaction. Specific antibodies against HES were, however, not detected. Serum IgE levels stayed within their normal limits. Positive reactions of the immediate type to intradermal skin tests with different dilutions of Plasmasteril were obtained in five patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Use of indirect microhemagglutination test with stable sensitized red cells in the detection of horse protein allergy.

Sheep red blood cells were stabilized with sulfosalicylic acid and sensitized with purified horse-IgG by the action of glutardialdehyde. The cells were used in an indirect microhemmagglutination test with serum samples from 12 rabbits immunized with horse-IgG and complete Freund's adjuvant as well as from 10 control animals. 32 human serum samples were examined, 6 of them from patients with established horse protein allergy. The results were compared to those of a standard method of indirect hemagglutination using fresh human erythrocytes (group O Rh-), an active hemagglutination test against horse erythrocytes, Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion and skin tests with horse-IgG. The method proved to be very sensitive. The results correlated well with those of the other immunological techniques. The stable sensitized cells did not lose sensitivity after 1 year of storage at 4 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Improved compatibility of ALG therapy by application of aggregate free globulin.

Horse anti-human lymphocyte globulin (ALG) solutions contain, like human gamma-globulin preparations, a varying amount of IgG aggregates, which increase during longer periods of storage. Aggregate formation does not impair the immunosuppressive potency of ALG, as has been shown by prolongation of skin allograft survival time in primates. Deaggregated ALG, which can be obtained by ultracentrifugation at 100,000 g over 2 h, is less immunogenic than aggregate containing ALG. The clinical compatibility of ALG was significantly improved by ultracentrifugal deaggregation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Selection of patients for extra-intracranial arterial bypass surgery based on rCBF measurements.

Extracranial intracranial arterial anastomosis is gaining acceptance as a form of treatment in selected cases with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. To establish indications for this operation and to provide an objective assessment of postoperative results, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies were performed in 110 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency considered for extra-intracranial bypass surgery. The 133Xe intracarotid injection method with 16 externally placed detectors was used for measuring rCBF. Postoperatively, rCBF was measured in 40 patients. From these results our present criteria for surgery have evolved. The probability of a good postoperative result is best in patients who showed focal cerebral ischemia or a moderate general reduction of CBF with an additional ischemic focus. The operation is contraindicated in patients with either normal or severely reduced CBF values (less than 60% of normal).

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Behavior of IgG, IgA and IgM in aseptic and septic postoperative processes].

After sterile surgical procedures, serum IgG, IgA and IgM concentrations again reach normal values at the 10th postop. day after initial lowering. During septicaemia this decrease is significantly more pronounced. By i.v. application of a high dose of human gammaglobulin normal values can be reestablished.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Dominant role of complement in the hyperacute xenograft rejection reaction.

Xenotransplantation in distantly related donor-recipient systems is rejected within minutes. According to present theories, hyperacute rejection is due to preformed antibodies. However, our results suggest that a nonimmunologic reaction plays a dominant role in the hyperacute rejection reaction. To analyze the hyperacute rejection reaction, a previously described model of isolated in vitro xenohemoperfusion was used in which rat kidneys were perfused with dog blood at constant pressure. Rejection criterion was cessation of xenograft perfusion flow rate with constant perfusion pressure and histologic findings of aggregation of thrombocytes and endothelial lesions. In our experimental approach, the donor kidney was perfused with separate cellular and humoral components of the recipient blood with redetection of the rejection activity in one of the recipient blood components. Each blood component was tested for preformed antibody before hemoperfusion. In control studies, xenoperfusion of rat kidneys with whole blood from the dog always resulted in hyperacute rejection. In contrast, allogenic perfusion with whole blood caused no rejection. In three groups, typical hyperacute rejection occurred. Perfusion with whole blood from newborn dogs; no preformed antibodies in vitro; perfusion with reactivated dog whole blood containing no preformed xenohemoagglutinating antibodies, which had been eliminated by adsorption, and perfusion with reactivated dog whole blood containing no preformed xenocomplement fixing antibodies also eliminated by adsorption, all resulted in hyperacute rejection. Whole blood from newborn dogs and reactivated, adsorbed antibody-free whole blood from dogs contained active complement. Perfusion of rat kidneys with heat decomplemented, antibody-containing or antibody-free dog blood showed no hyperacute rejection reaction. The addition of fresh complement to these last two groups resulted in typical hyperacute rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Immunologic properties, aggregate content and half-life of various human i.v. gamma globulin preparations].

Anticomplementary activity, aggregate content, and elimination of i.v. human gamma globulin (HGG). During storage of HGG globulin aggregate formation increases leading to anticomplementary activity. Seventeen patients suffering from postoperative sepsis showed significantly faster elimination rates of HGG than 6 healthy controls, while there was no difference in albumin elimination.

Complement System Proteins↗