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Biomedical subjects

W Bachmann

Publications and source records attributed to W Bachmann.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Symptoms of the experimental auditory tube blockage in man (author's transl)].

The sound of an inhaling apparatus with a vibrator, introduced in both meatusses of the nose, is better heard in both ears during deglutition. This demonstrates a permeability of the Eustachian tubes. The same principle is used in the sonomanometry. We examined this phenomenon in five test persons, in whom we blocked by a pomphus the pharyngeal ostium of the tube during 90--150 min. On this occasion we found the following results: a ) The sound of the vibrator is always heard though the unblocked tube. b) There is a lateralisation in the Weber's hearing test immediately after the blockage of the tube, whereas the Rinne' test mains positive. c) The middle ear pression falls 1 mm H2O per min.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1978

[Comparability of lung and nasal resistance. possibilities of comparison of rhinomanometry and bodyplethysmography (author's transl)].

Only a harmonical balance between the lung and nasal resistance garant an optimal respiratory mechanism. Therefore both resistances should not be judged separately. Up to now different methods of measurement of both resistance have been used. The substruction method has certain drawbacks in determining nasal resistance. On the other hand nasal resistance determined by rhinomanometry only becomes comparable to lung resistance if registered by a special simplified method. The problems of comparing quantitively both resistances are discussed and a solution is proposed.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1978

[The clinical value of rhinomanometry. An analysis of the discrepancy between anamnesis, clinical state and rhinomanometry (author's transl)].

Anamnesis, clinical state according to inspection and Rhinomanometry result of 117 patients have been compared by means of a stardarized measuring unit. RM turns out to be indispensable for an exact functional analysis. Misjudgement of air conduction of the nose considering only anamnesis or clinical inspection is remarquable. The most frequent causes for misjudgement are listed. To estimate air conduction of the nose inspectionally a model based on physiological principles is indicated. A future uniform assessment of anamnesis clinical state and RM is indispensable to obtain finally comparable results.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1977

Studies on rat liver plasma membrane. Altered protein and phospholipid metabolism after injection of D-galactosamine.

1. The metabolism of protein and phospholipid in rat liver plasma membranes isolated by the method of Neville [(1960) J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 8, 413-422] was investigated 3 and 6 h after the injection of D-galactosamine in vivo. During this time, all the biochemical and morphological alterations associated with hepatitis developed. 2. After the injection of D-galactosamine the concentration of sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane decreased to below 60% of the control values. 3. The activity of 5'-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5), which has been purified as a sphingomyelin-protein complex, decreased in the total homogenate as well as in the plasma-membrane fraction of livers of rats treated with galactosamine, to about 60% of the control values. 4. Protein synthesis, as measured by the incorporation of [14C]leucine into plasma membranes, was decreased to 45% of that of the controls. However, only small differences were observed in the amino acid composition of the plasma membrane after D-galactosamine treatment. 5. The protein composition of the plasma membranes was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The results showed a change from low- to high-molecular-weight proteins after the injection of galactosamine. 6. These results demonstrate different metabolic processes of the plasma membrane altered during the induction of galactosamine hepatitis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

[Health and disease. Critical thoughts on the health concept of the World Health Organisation (WHO) (author's transl)].

In recent times, health politics has crystallized more and more into a independent branch of social politics. Health as well as disease, have become a central topic of public and individual discussion. A elucidation of the relevant concepts seems to be urgently required. The article, starting from the well-known WHO definition of health, attempts a critical discussion of the concepts of "health" and "disease". It becomes apparent that, according to the present state of knowledge, neither can be conclusively defined, by either medical or psychic scientific methods. The material is subjected rather to a constant change decisively dependent on psychic currents at the time in question.

Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Lactic acidosis in diabetics on biguanides (author's transl)].

A systematic search for cases of lactic acidosis among diabetics on biguanides revealed ten during an eight-month period, while in the preceding ten years not a single case had been definitely diagnosed. This represents a prevelance of 1 in 2000 patients admitted to hospital. All ten were over 60 years old and had previously been treated for heart failure. Most of them had suffered from renal insufficiency for some time. There was no case of biguanide overdosage. Criteria for the diagnosis of lactic acidosis are lactic concentration in blood averaging 18.4 mmol/l and a low pH, averaging 6.9. Serum-biguanide concentration (measured by radioimmuno-assay) was markedly increased. Most of the patients were in circulatory shock on admission or soon after and all of them had a history of gastro-intestinal complaints. Despite intensive treatment with insulin and glucose and careful correction of the acidosis with bicarbonate four of the ten patients died.

Biguanides↗
PubMed1976

D-glucose uptake by a rat liver plasma membrane preparation.

1. Plasma membranes isolated from rat liver according to a modification of the method of Neville, D.M. ((1960) J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 8, 413-422) were used as model to test current hypotheses on the mode of glucose uptake into the liver cell. Glucose uptake studies were performed by a filtration technique using labeled glucose analogues. 2. D-glucose Uptake by rat liver plasma membranes is characterized by features of simple diffusion, i.e. linearity of uptake, lack of stereospecificity, and by facilitated diffusion, i.e. temperature dependence, counterflow phenomenon and inhibition by phloretin. These findings confirm earlier studies on liver slices and perfused liver. 3. Binding studies on sonicated membranes provide evidence for a specific binding site or protein for D-glucose at the plasma membrane by isolating Tris-soluble membrane proteins which reveal a higher binding capacity than the unsonicated membrane. 4. These findings are interpreted as showing the presence of a "carrier" mediated transport system for D-glucose superimposed by free diffusion due to artificial disruption of the plasma membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Parenteral application of maltose in diabetic patients and controls].

Maltose (10% solution) was infused continuously over 2 h (0,25 g/kg BW/h) in maturity onset diabetics (n=9) and in non-diabetic patients (n=9) serving as controls. During and after infusion changes of parameters measured (blood glucose, IRI, FFA, lactate, pyruvate, uric acid, acid-base status, ketone bodies) were minimal. A significant rise in blood-glucose was observed only in non-diabetics. Serum maltose concentrations increased continuously up to 150 mg/100 ml during infusion and were nearly identical in both groups. Post infusion serum maltose decreased slowing during 7h and urinary maltose excretion was found for 18 h. During the first 3 h controls excreted 4% of infused maltose (1.3% as maltose and 2.7% as glucose). In diabetics excretion of carbohydrates was higher and more variable: 14(1.1-35.9) %. The slight metabolic changes, especially in diabetics and the possibility of supplying more calories are favorable effects of parenteral maltose. However slow elimination and increasing urinary losses depending on dosage and conditions of i.v. maltose application account for the limited utilization of the disaccharide in men. Unless further investigations will have been done maltose cannot be recommended as a sole substitute for carbohydrate in parenteral nutrition.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

The present status of rhinomanometry.

Rhinomanometry is today a routine method that may be used in private specialist practice, if X-Y recording is used. The results become clinical statements only when directly compared with mirror findings, i.e. by functional analysis of structure or when physiological variance is taken into account by reagibility tests. In those cases this elegant technique becomes indeed indispensable.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[A new evaporation-apparatus for the artifical climatisation in intensive care on the field of ENT].

Description of a new air-humidifying apparatus working on the basis of evaporation and thus imitating the humdifying mechanism of the nose. The checked data of efficiency are optimal. The device is suited for using with tracheotomies and laryngectomies during the first post-operative phase. It simplifies post-operative care and diminishes the risk of bronchial infection.

Air Conditioning↗