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Biomedical subjects

W A Fuchs

Publications and source records attributed to W A Fuchs.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Value of computed tomography for the assessment of lymph node metastases in ovarian cancer].

The value of CT for demonstrating iliac and retroperitoneal lymph nodes involved by ovarian carcinoma was examined following primary or secondary laparotomy in 62 patients. CT had an accuracy of 74%, sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 67%; there were false negatives in 20% and false positives in 33%. Local tumours of grade I and II, with no evidence of retroperitoneal metastases and normal palpation, must have intra-operative lymph node biopsies in order to exclude micrometastases. Under these circumstances, pre-operative lymphography need not be carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Computed tomography in orthopedic radiology].

CT offers specific advantages in the evaluation of complex spine trauma and pelvic injuries, particularly to evaluate fractures of the acetabulum. Spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation are conclusively demonstrated by CT and lumbar myelography thus becomes superfluous. Femoral and tibial torsion may be estimated with high accuracy by CT. CT is of definite value in the evaluation of bone neoplasms, and chronic inflammatory diseases of the spine and pelvic bones, especially for the determination of the tumor extent and soft-tissue pathology.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1984

CT assessment of operability in carcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction.

25 patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction were evaluated preoperatively with thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT). Despite limitations mainly in differentiating intramural from early extramural tumour growth and in predicting peritoneal carcinomatosis, CT was useful in determining local and distant spread of the malignancy and in assessing surgical resectability. CT may identify candidates for palliative procedures such as oesophageal intubation, radiation therapy or chemotherapy by demonstrating inoperability thus avoiding unnecessary surgery. CT should be performed routinely in all patients with carcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Value of computed tomography and lymphography in staging carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

CT scanning was performed on 68 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, untreated carcinoma of the uterine cervix (FIGO stage IB-IVA). Lymphography was performed in 61 cases. Surgical pathological correlation was obtained in 16 patients. CT and clinical stage accorded only in 68%, mainly because of CT errors in the determination of parametrial involvement. CT detected enlarged lymph nodes in 60.5%, compared to 39.5% of cases with lymphographically demonstrated nodal metastases; this discrepancy resulted mainly from the inability of CT to discriminate benign nodal changes. Our data suggest lymphography as radiological staging procedure in early stage (IB, IIA) carcinoma and the routine use of CT in advanced stage (IIB-IV) disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography in carcinoma of esophagus and cardia.

CT scanning was performed on 36 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or cardia. In a retrospective study, staging of esophageal malignancy, obtained by CT, was correlated with clinical data as well as endoscopic, bronchoscopic, operative, and/or autopsy findings. The results indicated that CT is a useful method for pretherapeutic staging in carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia and should be routinely performed in conjunction with conventional x-ray examination and esophagoscopy. The use of mediastinoscopy and diagnostic surgical procedures such as exploratory thoracotomy and laparotomy can be reduced.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Lymphography and computed tomography in staging nonseminomatous testicular cancer: limited detection of early stage metastatic disease.

The efficacy of lymphography and computed tomography (CT) in staging nonseminomatous testicular cancer was analyzed in 41 patients. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in 30 patients with early tumor stage revealed 56% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 80% overall accuracy for lymphography; CT was less accurate (44% sensitivity, 81% specificity, 70% overall accuracy). The presence of advanced disease in 11 patients was depicted equally by lymphography and CT, but CT better demonstrated the anatomic extent of the metastases. CT is valuable for discriminating between advanced and early tumor stages; the similar inaccuracy of lymphography in early disease militates against its routine and complementary use; retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy then remains the only accurate staging modality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The diagnostic impact of computed tomography in blunt abdominal trauma.

Sixty patients with blunt abdominal trauma were investigated by computed tomography, 21 within 48 h of injury, 39 within days and weeks. Organ laceration of the spleen, liver, pancreas and kidney and haematoma formation were comprehensively demonstrated and post-operative complications readily identified. Computed tomography is currently the radiological method of choice to evaluate injuries to abdominal organs.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

[Current x-ray diagnosis of the kidneys].

Sonography, computerized tomography and digital intravenous arteriography are important new technological methods in diagnostic radiology of the kidney. Urography is still considered to be a major diagnostic tool. Catheterangiography is mainly employed for therapeutic procedures such as renal arterial dilatation and embolization.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography of intraperitoneal abscesses.

Eighty-seven patients with the clinical suspicion of an intraperitoneal abscess were examined by computed tomography. In 83 of these patients CT gave true positive or true negative results in reference to the diagnosis of local intraperitoneal fluids. The final diagnosis confirmed 28 abscesses in 26 patients. Most of these abscesses were in the left subphrenic space, the right subphrenic space, the right anterior subhepatic space, and the pelvis. The morphological criteria for intraperitoneal abscesses, shown by CT, are defined. Direct signs include form, impression on nonintestinal organs, density value, gas collection, pyogenic membrane, and infiltration in surrounding tissue. Indirect signs include ascites and pleural effusion and/or pulmonary infiltration. Differential diagnostic problems of intraperitoneal abscesses are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

[Computed tomographic staging of prostatic cancer].

77 patients with carcinoma of the prostate (stage T1 = 4, stage T2 = 17, stage T3 = 28, stage T4 = 28) were investigated by computerized tomography for staging. Intracapsular stage T1 tumors could not be identified as such. About 50% of clinical stage T2 tumors were shown to be of stage T3 by CT, whereas one fifth of the clinical stage T3 tumors were overestimated as demonstrated by CT. The extension of stage T4 tumors was more accurately depicted by CT then by clinical investigation. Inspite of the high diagnostic accuracy of CT for detecting regional lymph node metastases diagnostic lymphadenectomy is necessary prior to any major surgical intervention.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography in staging of carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Seventy-seven patients with carcinoma of the urinary bladder were investigated by computed tomography (CT) and the results compared with those of pathological staging. The overall accuracy rate was 81% for the estimation of local tumour extension. Perivesical tumour extension was overestimated by CT owing to previous bladder surgery or radiotherapy in about half of the cases. Nevertheless, CT gives unrivalled diagnostic information in advanced tumour invasion. The diagnostic accuracy rate of CT in the detection of lymph node metastases was 89%, compared with 73% for lymphography.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Biliary excretion kinetics of the biliary contrast media ioglycamide, iodoxamate and iotroxamate in the dog].

The biliary excretion of meglumine iotroxamate (ITX) and meglumine iodoxamate (IDX), two new intravenous cholangiographic contrast materials, was compared with that of meglumine ioglycamide (IGL) in bile-fistula dogs following intravenous infusion in a steady state. With any equimolar infusion rate or plasma concentration, more ITX and IDX were secreted in the bile than IGL. The maximum rate of biliary excretion (Emax.) of either ITX (2.23 +/- SD 0.28 mumol/min/kg) or IDX (2.91 +/- SD 0.39 mumol/min/kg) was significantly greater than that of IGL (1.22 +/- SD 0.19 mumol/min/kg); the biliary concentration was always greater for ITX and IDX than for IGL.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography in carcinoma of the rectum.

A total of 11 cases of untreated carcinoma of the rectosigmoid colon and 56 cases of recurrent rectosigmoid carcinoma have been investigated by computed tomography. A tumor size of more than 2 cm in diameter is easily demonstrated within the rectosigmoid wall. Invasion of the pararectal fatty planes and the neighboring structures and organs is conclusively diagnosed when obliteration of the demarcating fat planes is demonstrated. Enlargement of the regional lymph nodes of more than 15 mm diameter indicates malignant metastatic spread. Local malignant recurrence following complete resection of the rectum is recognized when the tumor size has reached 2 cm or more. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy may be necessary to conclusively identify malignant tissue within the postoperative cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Staging and surgery in testicular cancer.

Both staging and surgery in testicular cancer are thoroughly analysed. Extensive experiences from various authors are reported and compared. The essentials for staging are suggested and a new detailed stage grouping is proposed. The role of surgery in diagnosis, staging and therapy is examined. It is stressed that in non-seminomas, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is not only a staging procedure, but it may be also a curative operation in several cases of patients with lymph node metastases and a prospective randomized clinical trial is advocated in order to clarify the usefulness of adjunctive chemotherapy in these cases. Surgery is also useful as adjuvant to chemotherapy in several patients with advanced non-seminomas and it is underlined that it should be undertaken early, after only 2 or 3 cycles of chemotherapy, in order to avoid the strong fibrosis that often occurs after long-term chemotherapy and which makes surgical dissection very difficult or even impossible. Lastly, even if extensive, surgery seems to be a safe procedure in these young patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗