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Biomedical subjects

Viroj Wiwanitkit

Publications and source records attributed to Viroj Wiwanitkit.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Roles of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism in repeated pregnancy loss.

Congenital thrombophilia in repeated pregnancy lost (RPL) has been noted for years. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene is an interesting gene, mentioned for its possible roles in RPL. There is considerable controversy regarding the clinical role of MTHFR C677T polymorphism as a risk factor of RPL. Here, a summative analysis is performed on the recent previous reports on the MTHFR C677T and its correlation to RPL. The metanalysis was performed to assess the correlation between the pattern of MTHFR C677T polymorphism and RPL. From available eight case-control studies, 752 patients and 625 controls are evaluated. The overall frequencies of 4G allele for the patients and controls are 31.5 and 33.5, respectively. According to this study, 53.1% of subjects with T allele have RLP while 55.3% of subjects without T allele have RLP. From overall risk estimation, the subjects with T alleles have 0.96 times lower risk to RLP. According to this analysis, the pattern of MTHFR C677T polymorphism might not represent a useful marker of increased risk for RPL. In addition, there was no association between pattern of MTHFR C677T polymorphism and ethnicity of the patients in this study.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2005

Causative agents of liver abscess in HIV-seropositive patients: a 10-year case series in Thai hospitalized patients.

Liver abscess is an important tropical gastrointestinal disorder. HIV seropositive patients show relative immunosuppression and are more susceptible to infection, including liver abscess. This retrospective case review was made on 23 patients who were diagnosed as HIV seropositive with liver abscess in Bangkok, Thailand. We demonstrated the high rate of amoebic liver abscess in our series (17.4%) from fresh smear with five cases of tuberculosis and one case of Nocardosis. The rates of positive bacterial culture were 17.4% from blood and 47.8% from pus. Gram-negative aerobes were the major abscess pathogens in our series. Among Gram-negative aerobes, Klebsiella was the most significant microorganism, followed by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2005

Comparative study of blood cell staining with wright-giemsa stain, field stain, and a new modified stain.

Routine staining of blood films usually entails staining with Wright-Giemsa stain; however, some modifications of the standard Wright-Giemsa stain have been performed. The field stain or dip method is an example of these modifications. The authors created a new modification of Wright-Giemsa stain and performed a study to compare our modified stain with Wright-Giemsa stain and field stain. Three experts in microscopy were used in performing this comparative study. The average grading score from each stain method from all 3 experts was set as a basic parameter for comparison. We found that the field stain, which was created for field work, had a lower grading score in staining than the other 2 staining methods in many studied aspects (analysis of variance test, P < .05). In addition, we can demonstrate that the 3 experts presented similar decisions on the blood smear evaluation. Conclusively, we found that our modified method can give staining results similar to the standard Wright-Giemsa stain. In addition, our modification can decrease the staining time.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed2005

Feasibility of using papaya skin extract for digestion of swamp eel viscera for harvesting infective stage larva of Gnathostoma spp.

In this study, we reported the feasibility of using papaya skin extract (Carica papaya L.) as an alternative to enzyme pepsin in harvesting Gnathostoma spinigerum third-stage larvae. From experimental digestion, we found that the different numbers of recovered larvae between papaya skin extract and pepsin were not statistically significant (p >0.05). When the derived larvae from pepsin and papaya skin extract digestion were cultivated in BME medium for 7 days, the survival rates were not significantly different either (p >0.05). Thus, papaya skin extract might be another choice for recovering Gnathostoma spinigerum third-stage larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The correlation between rainfall and the prevalence of trematode metacercaria in freshwater fish in Thailand.

The author performed a retrospective study on 5 complete reports with geographical data and the prevalence of metacercariae in Thailand. The relation between rainfall (derived from the geographical data) and the prevalence of metacercariae in freshwater fish (derived from the overall infection rate of metacercaria) was investigated. The least- square equation plot rainfall (y) versus prevalence (x) is y = 12.4x + 43.8 (r = 0.858; p < 0.05). A significant correlation was discerned between rainfall and the prevalence of freshwater fish infection. According to these previous studies, the prevalence of freshwater fish infection may depend on rainfall. Predicted prevalence of freshwater fish infection as a GIS figure was also presented.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Antioxidant in plasma of hemoglobin-E trait.

A study of antioxidant levels among Thai subjects with a hemoglobin E trait was undertaken. The objective of this study was to determine whether the antioxidant level would be disturbed in the HbE condition. All 185 volunteer subjects, 171 normal healthy subjects and 14 HbE carriers were recruited. For each case, an antioxidant determination was performed using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method. According to this study, the average antioxidant level in the healthy group was 3.439 +/- 0.220 mM Trolox equivalent, and in HbE trait group was 3.276 +/- 0.209 mM Trolox equivalent. There was a significant decrease of the antioxidant level in the HbE trait group (p = 0.008).

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Monitoring of urine trans, trans-muconic acid level among smokers and non-smokers.

Smoking has contributed to various neurological, cardiovascular, and pulmonary diseases. According to carcinogens found in cigarette smog, benzene is one of the important carcinogenic compounds. The urinary trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA) levels among a sample of 10 Thai smokers and 35 Thai non-smokers were investigated, compared and reported. The average urinary ttMA level in smokers and non-smokers were 2.19 +/- 2.32 and 0.24 +/- 0.33 mg/gCr, respectively. A significant higher urinary ttMA level among the smokers was observed (P < 0.05). Since the higher urinary ttMA indicates the higher occult risk for cancer, the usage of urinary ttMA is recommended as a monitoring tool to follow up benzene exposure in the smokers.

Benzene↗
PubMed2004

The frequency rate of Toxocara species contamination in soil samples from public yards in a urban area "Payathai", Bangkok, Thailand.

Toxocara species are most common roundworms of Canidae and Felidae. Human toxocariasis develops by ingesting of embryonated eggs in contaminated soil. There is no previous report of Toxocara contamination in the soil samples from the public areas in Bangkok. For this reason our study have been carried out to examine the frequency of Toxocara eggs in public yards in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 175 sand and clay samples were collected and examined for parasite eggs. According to this study, Toxocara eggs were detected from 10 (5.71%) of 175 soil samples. The high rate of contamination in this study implies the importance of the control of this possible zoonotic disease: control of abandon of dogs and cats, is still necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Overview of hymenolepis diminuta infection among Thai patients.

CONTEXT: Hymenolepis diminuta infection is a very rare cestode infection. Until present, fewer than 500 cases have been observed worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The author performed a literature review on the reports of H diminuta in Thailand in order to summarize the characteristics of this infection among Thai patients. DESIGN: This study was designed as a descriptive retrospective study. A literature review of the papers concerning H diminuta infections in Thailand was performed. RESULTS: According to this study, there have been at least 6 reports in the literature of 10 individual cases of H diminuta infection, of which 1 case was lethal. Of 4 cases that documented patients' age, the ages ranged from 20 months to 55 years. Of 5 cases that documented patients' sex, 3 were males and 2 were females. Most (9/10) were asymptomatic; however, there was 1 inpatient case, concomitant with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma. Antiparasitic drugs were prescribed in 3 cases: niclosamide in 2 cases and praziquantel in 1 case. The 2 patients receiving niclosamide passed the parasites after treatment. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the H diminuta infection is a rare cestode infection that is sporadically reported in Thailand. The diagnosis of H diminuta infection is usually by accident during a field survey. The prognosis outcome is usually good, and the treatment does not appear to affect outcome, as there is good survival without treatment.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Causative agents of liver abscess in Thai hepatitis B carriers.

Liver abscess and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are two significant tropical gastrointestinal disorders. The concurrence between these two disorders yields poor prognosis, which then often leads to the need for intensive care. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal pathogens of liver abscess in HBV carriers. This retrospective case review was conducted on 35 Thai hospitalized HBV carriers who had diagnosis of liver abscess. A high rate of amoebic liver abscess in this series (37.1%) was demonstrated; Gram-negative aerobes were the major abscess pathogens. The causative pathogens of HBV carriers were similar to those in the overall patient population with abscess. The treatment plan for liver abscess in the general population can also be applied to HBV carriers.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗