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Biomedical subjects

V Zamrazil

Publications and source records attributed to V Zamrazil.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Ultrasound densitometry of the heel bone in a random sample of the adult Czech population].

To assess the state of the skeleton of 870 subjects selected at random the authors used ultrasound densitometry of the talus. The assessment was made using a Cuba Clinical apparatus (McCue Ultrasonic Ltd.UK). The assessed parameters were BUA in db/MHz (broad band ultrasound attenuation) and VOS in m/s (velocity of sound). From the results it is apparent that the BUA values in men reach their peak at the age of 31-35 years. In women the BUA values are highest between 18 and 20 years, then follows a decline and again a rise between 41 and 45 years. The VOS values in men are highest between 18 and 20 years, followed by a drop and slight increase between 56 and 60 years. In women the VOS values reach their maximum between 18 and 20 years. The assessed values obtained in a random sample of the population from three regions are the basis for evaluation of bone densitometry obtained by means of questionnaire in the adult Czech population.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Importance of short-term administration of low doses of somatostatin analog in the development and remission of type 1 diabetes mellitus in adult patients].

The objective of the presented work was to evaluate the short-term administration of octreotide on the development, onset and persistence of remission in recent insulin-dependent diabetics. The importance of remission means for the patient a clinically favourable condition with satisfactory metabolic compensation and a greater metabolic stability during the subsequent course of the disease. The period of remission is important from the aspect of prevention of late organ complications. Two-week treatment with octreotide, 150 micrograms/day, administered during the first month after establishment of the diagnosis was not associated with serious undesirable effects. Treatment with octreotide led to more frequent development of remission, partial and complete, as compared with a control group. In the majority of diabetics in the intervened group remission started immediately after administration of octreotide. The serum value of peptide-C as part of the glucagon test made at the time of diagnosis had a predictive value for the development of induced and spontaneous remission. Octreotide administration increased the probable development of remission even in patients with a substantially lower peptide C value at the time of diagnosis as compared with controls. The preliminary results indicate also a protraction of the remission period.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Thyroid, ovarian and adrenal antibodies in female patients with autoimmune thyroiditis].

BACKGROUND: In patients with autoimmune thyroiditis confirmed by clinical and laboratory tests frequently complaints associated with ovarian disorders are encountered. In order to verify the polyclonal activation of the autoimmune response of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease the authors investigated the presence of autoantibodies against the thyroid and adrenals. METHODS AND RESULTS: 696 patients were selected (mean age 47.9 years) with autoimmune thyroiditis from a group of 1939 patients examined for the presence of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO). In these patients also the presence of antibodies against ovaries was assessed (in 183 women, i.e. 26.3%), the adrenals (zona glomerulosa in 136 women, i.e. 19.5%, zona fasciculata in 10 women, i.e. 1.4%, zona reticularis in 114 women, i.e. 16.4%) and the adrenal medulla in 46 women, i.e. 6.6%. The basic group was divided into two sub-groups depending on the presence of ovarian antibodies. In the group of 183 women with positive antibodies against the ovaries and TPO positivity against the zona glomerulosa was found in 93 women, i.e. 50.8%, the zona fasciculata in 7 women, i.e. 3.8%, the zona reticularis in 70 women, i.e. 38.3%, the adrenal medulla in 37% i.e. 20.2%. In the second group of 513 patients with positive TPO and negative antiovarian antibodies against the zona glomerulosa were found in 43 women, i.e. 8.4%, zona fasciculata in 3 women, i.e. 0.6%, zona reticularis in 44 women, i.e. 8.6% and against the adrenal medulla in 9 women, i.e. 1.8%. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirmed that in organ specific autoimmune thyroid disease also other autoantibodies against endocrine organs may be present, i.e. against the ovaries and adrenals. The relative frequency of a common finding of autoantibodies against organs which comprise steroid producing cells can be explained by the fact that for the ovaries and the adrenals a common antigen of steroid producing cells is typical.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1997

Thyroid volume and urinary iodine in European schoolchildren: standardization of values for assessment of iodine deficiency.

Up to 1992, most European countries used to be moderately to severely iodine deficient. The present study aimed at evaluating possible changes in the status of iodine nutrition in 12 European countries during the past few years. Thyroid volume was measured by ultrasonography in 7599 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years in one to fifteen sites in The Netherlands. Belgium, Luxemburg, France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Poland, the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary and Romania. The concentrations of urinary iodine were measured in 5709 of them. A mobile unit (ThyroMobil van) equipped with a sonographic device and facilities for the collection of urine samples visited all sites in the 12 countries. All ultrasounds and all urinary iodine assays were performed by the same investigators. The status of iodine nutrition in schoolchildren has markedly improved in many European countries and is presently normal in The Netherlands, France and Slovakia. It remains unchanged in other countries such as Belgium. There is an inverse relationship between urinary iodine and thyroid volume in schoolchildren in Europe. Goiter occurs as soon as the urinary iodine is below a critical threshold of 10 micrograms/dl. Its prevalence is up to 10 to 40% in some remote European areas. This work produced updated recommendations for the normal volume of the thyroid measured by ultrasonography as a function of age, sex and body surface area in iodine-replete schoolchildren in Europe. This study proposes a method for a standardized evaluation of iodine nutrition on a continental basis, which could be used in other continents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Epstein-Barr virus serology in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Elevated titers of antibodies against different antigens of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are found in some immunodeficient states, malignancies or in autoimmune disorders. We examined EBV serology in the group of 22 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis as compared with the group of 35 healthy volunteers. Titers of antibodies against viral capsid antigen (IgG-VCA) were more often found in the group of patients than in the control group (p = 0.000 35 for younger than 40 years and p = 0.00115 for older than 40 years) and the positivity of antibodies against early antigen (IgG-EA-D/DR) was also significantly more often found in the group of patients (p = 0.0031 and p = 0.0019 respectively) than in the control group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Morning magnesiuria: relation to age and sex.

Magnesium, calcium and creatinine concentration were assessed in the morning urine sample of 1710 subjects randomly selected from the population register in the Czech Republic: children aged 6, 10 and 13 years old and adults in age groups 18-35 years, 36-50 years, and 51-65 years of adults. The groups comprised 911 females and 799 males. There was a marked impact of age on the urinary magnesium concentration in both sexes, the concentration declining with advancing age. The child groups differed significantly from the adults. The urinary magnesium/creatinine ratio declined with age with the exception of the oldest group. The urinary calcium concentration did not change significantly with age in women or men. There was a weak age dependence in the calcium/creatinine ratio.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Endocrinopathy in the differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome].

Fatigue is a frequent and sometimes dominant symptom of some endocrinopathies. It may be associated with other symptoms which are included among the criteria of the chronic fatigue syndrome. These units are not always quite distinct and frequently endocrine diseases and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) overlap. From this ensue differential diagnostic problems and ideas on possible causal relations. The authors concentrate in articular on autoimmune endocrinopathies and the polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (APS) with emphasis on the necessity of an accurate endocrinological diagnosis, where is some patients with suspected CFS a defined endocrinopathy was revealed. Attention will be also paid to recent views on the possible participation of disorders of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in the etiopathogenesis of CFS where endocrine and immune regulation overlap and condition each other.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1996

[Dermatoglyphics--an attempt to predict diabetes].

Dermatoglyphs do not change throughout life. The authors sought their "predictive type" for diabetes with regard to the possibility of early prediction and thus prevention of the development of diabetes, in particular type 2. They used a point score of the abnormality in three qualitative and two quantitative signs and found, as compared with the normal population, in groups of subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, DM II and DM I deviations with an increasing significance. The frequency of thus assessed abnormalities in each subject on both hands (0-10) was compared in relations to the diagnosis and family-history of diabetes and the authors evaluated the incidence of different abnormalities in the whole group of 300 subjects and in sub-groups. After statistical evaluation the authors conclude that the abnormality of the qualitative sign of the C line (lacking or reduced) could be considered as another early predictive factor: in the offsprings of diabetics for both types of diabetes, in the remainder for DM type 1.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1995

Correlations between parameters of body selenium status and peripheral thyroid parameters in the low selenium region.

The following were measured in 380 male and female inhabitants of Prague (n the age range 6-65 years):selenium in serum and urine, iodine in urine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid volume, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), ankle jerk time, pulse rate and body fat. Correlations were calculated to assess the influence of Se upon the thyroid hormone parameters and their peripheral effects in Se-deficient regions both by using the linear correlation analysis and by using the multiple linear correlation analysis and the analysis of variance. Many significant linear correlations were found for whole groups of examined persons, for the individual groups (boys, men, girls and women) as well as for subgroups, according to the age and sex. We conclude, from the analytical results of Se indices (serum, hair, urine) reported previously, and on the basis of the statistical demonstration of the influence of selenium upon thyroid hormone levels and the peripheral effects in the group of Prague inhabitants in connection with the previously documented role of Se in pathways resulting in the synthesis of physiologically active thyroid hormone, that inhabitants of Prague are selenium deficient. Concurrent deficiency of selenium may modify and even worsen iodine deficiency disorders of various stages. Multiple linear correlation analysis followed by analysis of variance of subgroups indicated a coincidence of the effects of some measured parameters upon the peripheral manifestation of thyroid hormone state as well as highlighting the effect of other independent variables of thyroid hormone metabolism than those measured in the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of insufficient iodine intake on the size and function of the thyroid gland].

BACKGROUND: The supply of iodine indisputably affects the function of the thyroid gland. It is not clear, however, as to what extent a moderate iodopenia affects common thyroid parameters. OBJECTIVES, STARTING POINT AND MAIN PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of iodopenia (ioduria below 50 micrograms of iodine per litre of urine) on the values of T4, T3, TSH, the ankle-jerk time and sonographically ascertained thyroid gland volume in randomly selected sample of Czech population from 4 regions. METHODS: Ioduria was assessed by means of Sandel-Kolthoff method, total thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyreotropic hormone by immunoluminiscence method; the volume of the thyroid gland sonographically according to Gutekunst and the ankle-jerk reflex by electromagnetic record method. RESULTS: Iodopenia affects a majority of investigated parameters in dependence on age. T4 is significantly higher in iodopenic adults, T3 is significantly higher in iodopenic children, TSH is significantly higher in iodopenic adults and the ankle-jerk time is prolonged in iodopenic adults. The statistical significance of the effect of iodopenia on the volume of thyroid gland was not proved. CONCLUSION: Iodopenia of a mediate degree affects commonly used parameters of the thyroid gland function in dependence on age and other factors which are to be more precisely analyzed using a larger sample. The statistical significance of the effect of iodopenia on the volume of thyroid gland was not proved. (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 13.).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Chronological changes in the representation of papillary and follicular carcinomas in our patient group 1960-1993].

BACKGROUND: Differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland is globally changing its character and occurrence frequency. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients sent to the Clinic of Nuclear Medicine in Prague, Motole in order to undergo the radioactive iodine therapy during the period from 1960 to 1993 in comparison to the set of patients of the 1950-1959 period. MAIN RESULTS: A conspicuous change took place in the proportion of papillary and follicular carcinomas. The previous predominance of follicular carcinoma has turned to the predominance of papillary carcinoma, the occurrence of which is increasing. The authors see the causes not only in introduction of iodidation which decreases the occurrence of more aggressive forms of differentiated carcinoma, but also in radioactive fall, as well as in the change of diagnostic procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of differentiated carcinoma is so far increasing, but in the recent years the increase of more aggressive forms of the disease (follicular carcinoma) has ceased and an expressive increase of less aggressive papillary carcinoma is continuing. (Tab. 1, Ref. 14.).

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1994

Levels of some trace elements in serum of Prague inhabitants measured by INAA.

Sera of 240 randomly selected Prague inhabitants of both sexes from ages 6 to 65 yr were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for Fe, Zn, Se, Rb, Cs, and Sc. Significant differences were found between serum Fe and Zn levels of men from Prague and from rural regions of Central Bohemia. Concentration of Se was one of the lowest in Europe and exhibited age-dependent, but not sex-dependent changes. Age-dependent changes of serum concentrations were also found for Rb, Cs, and Sc, whereas sex-dependent changes were detected for Zn, Rb, Cs, and Sc.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Does exogenous hypermagnesaemia inhibit insulin secretion in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

Acute exogenous hypermagnesaemia in healthy subjects retards glucose assimilation (Kg) and inhibits B cell function. The glycoregulatory effect of hypermagnesaemia was investigated in the course of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in 16 subjects, incl. eight with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and eight with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Hypermagnesaemia was induced by intravenous infusion of 6 g MgSO4. The secretory response of insulin (IRI) and C-peptide were expressed as the incremental area (IA of S-IRI and IA of S-C-peptide). The results were compared with control IVGTT following infusion of saline. Hypermagnesaemia did not affect glucose assimilation in subjects with IGT as compared with control values nor in subjects with NIDDM. Hypermagnesaemia did not change IA of S-IRI nor of S-C-peptide in IGT as compared with control values (IA of S-IRI were 4308 +/- 1126 vs 3309 +/- 610 microU/ml x min and IA of S-C-peptide 191 +/- 43 vs 177 +/- 46 ng/ml x min) (means +/- SEM). In NIDDM there was no significant difference between the response of C-peptide during hypermagnesaemia and the response during control IVGTT (IA were 72 +/- 20 ng/ml x min vs 73.5 +/- 22.4 ng/ml x min). As no significant insulin response to glucose was obtained after saline or magnesium in NIDDM, the effect of hypermagnesaemia was not possible to evaluate. In conclusion, no significant decline of glucose assimilation and B-cell function in IGT and NIDDM can be proved in the course of exogenous hypermagnesaemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Changes of calcemia and magnesemia during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in relation to glucose tolerance.

We have examined 56 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 33 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 15 diabetics type II (DM) by an oral glucose tolerance test with 75 g of glucose and in addition to glycemia and C-peptide we estimated also calcemia, magnesemia, ionized calcium level (plus corrected ionized calcium level) in all time intervals. The basal glycemia and C-peptide values were different in each examined group, while the magnesium values distinguished only the DM group from the others. The corrected Ca2+ in 60 min decreased significantly in DM, while after 120 min there were no differences in the values. Magnesemia in NGT decreased after 60 and 120 min, while by IGT and DM it rised in both such intervals. The difference between IGT and DM was highly significant. Our findings give evidence about the changes in the distribution of magnesium already at an early stage of decrease glucose tolerance. The importance of this finding for an early IGT diagnostics and its further classification still remains to be definitely evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of basic somatometric characteristics in randomly selected populations from Prague and Vsetín].

In 1991-1992 in the Czech Republic an epidemiological survey was conducted focused on prevention of iodine deficiency and the incidence of some thyropathies. The authors examined samples of the Prague and Vsetín population selected at random. The clinical examination comprised also somatometric assessment. In a group of 1,100 subjects from Prague and Vsetín anthropometry of basic somatometric characteristics was performed (height, body weight, BMI and four skinfolds). From comparison of the two groups ensues that the Vsetín population is shorter, as compared with the Prague population, the BMI values are significantly higher and so is the percentage of subcutaneous body fat.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders and thyropathies in the population of District 8 in Prague].

Based on an enquiry made by means of questionnaires sent by post, implemented in 1987 in five health communities of Prague 8, anamnestic data were obtained pertaining to glycoregulation and thyropathies from 5870 respondents. Based on these data the following conclusions were reached: 1. The prevalence of known disorders of glycoregulation, without specification, is in the population of Prague 8 7.98%. The difference between men and women is not significant. The number of disorders increases with age and higher body weight. A positive relationship was confirmed with anamnestic data on the delivery of a heavy foetus in women. Also the importance of a positive thyroid or diabetic family-history was confirmed. Combination of thyroid disease (without more detailed specification) and allergic disease is frequent. Both these relationships are highly significant. Subjects with higher education and subjects born in Prague report disorders of glycoregulation significantly less frequently than other respondents. 2. The prevalence of thyropathies differs significantly in men (3.60%) and women (16.87%). Disorders increase with age but decline again in the higher age brackets. This is particularly marked in women. There is a significant relationship with the family-history and there is frequent combination with impaired glycoregulation. Combination with allergy is also frequent. In subjects with thyropathies the BMI tends towards a scatter to high and low values. No significant relationship with education, place of birth (Prague and non-Prague) nor delivery of heavy foetus was found in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Determination of thyroid microsomal antibodies in the blood of patients with thyropathies using the ELISA method].

The authors elaborated and tested an ELISA method for the assessment of antibodies against the microsomal fraction of the human thyroid gland (Thyroid microsomal antibodies). The method is more sensitive than passive haemagglutination. The reproducibility is satisfactory, the intraassay variation coefficient is 10.7%, the interassay variation coefficient 15.4%. In a group of 282 subjects with thyropathies a positive TMAb was found in 57.8%, in a control group of 63 subjects in three instances (4.7%). The method makes it possible to assess individual classes of specific immunoglobulins--IgG in the group of 15 positive sera accounted for 78% of all immunoglobulins. The importance of IgM and IgA is less clear. The method is suited in particular for screening of autoimmune affections of the thyroid gland.

Autoantibodies↗