Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V V Lebedev

Publications and source records attributed to V V Lebedev.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The dynamic of biochemical stress reaction inductors in various tactics for surgical treatment of patients with a combined trauma of cranium and lower limbs ].

In 31 patients after a craniocerebral trauma combined with a trauma of locomotor system (CCCT), and in 28 patients with only a limb fractures a time course (1, 3, 7, and 14 days) of biochemical stress reaction inductors (cortisol, serotonin, histamine, lipid peroxidation products) in various tactics of surgical treatment was studied. It was established that CCCT in a significantly stronger degree increases cortisol and lipid peroxidation products' levels than an isolated locomotor system trauma. An early postponed surgical intervention in lower extremities in CCCT results in the same increase in the biochemical stress reaction inductors as a late postpone surgical intervention in the lower extremities. In an early postponed osteosynthesis in CCCT patients, a mean term of hospital stay was 67 days, and in a late postponed one 117 days. The disability period was correspondingly 200 vs 315 days.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation as factors in endogenous intoxication in emergency states].

K coefficient which is an integral indicator of the unbalance in the system lipid peroxidation--antioxidant system (LPO-AOS) and content of nitrite, nitric oxide end product, were followed up in 31 patients with concomitant brain injury, in 24 patients with burn injury and 72 patients in hypertensive crisis. Coefficient K was estimated by serum levels of dienic conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, lipid peroxidation degree, alpha-tocopherol, ceruloplasmin on the disease day 1, 3, 7 and 14. Nitrite serum levels rose by day 14 in all the patients and were the highest in hypertensive crisis patients. Coefficient K was significantly elevated in all the patients compared to controls being maximal in patients with concomitant brain injury. Thus, activation of LPO and biosynthesis of nitric oxide contribute much to endogenic intoxication in patients on critical care.

Burns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of areas of alternating magnetic field action on a patient's body].

The pattern of an induction field (B) is of great importance for physiotherapeutical treatment using an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The outline of the B field is determined by the shape of a device generator. Programmes for calculating the B induction field at any space point for the generator as a current ring and a square current loop are given. To know the spatial pattern of the B magnetic field is inadequate to determine the areas of biophysical AMF action. AMF induces a stress field (ES). The latter with regard to the human body and organs gives rise to a drop field of acting potentials (Ua). The latter is a measure of biophysical action at each local point of a patient's body. The Es field depends solely on the shape of the device generator. The Ua field does on this and the form of the human body and organs. Whether the Ua field can be found is discussed. The author proposes to develop programmes for calculating the Ua fields when the generator and human body are usually aligned. It is concluded that the shapes of the generators to act on each specific organ should be standardized.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problems of treatment of contusions and dislocations of the brain].

The clinical course and prognosis in the event of a severe cerebrocrainial trauma depend, above all, on the extent of the contusion and smashing of the brain sustained. The pathogenetic factor of prime importance determining the severity of the contusion is the development of the local and general cerebral edema. Rapidly accuring edema and turgescence of the brain, rising intracranial pressure lead to the dislocation of the brain attended by a clinical picture of a grave secondary lesion of the brain stem. To eliminate or prevent the emergence of the dislocation syndrome an operative removal of the primary contusion focus and concussory treatment of the brain in combination with the pathogenetic conservative therapy, aimed at preventing further progressive edema of the brain, are indicated in some of such patients.

Brain Edema↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The functional state of the kidneys in severe cranio-cerebral injury].

The functional state of the kidneys in dynamics was investigated in 147 patients with severe cerebro-cranial injuries. Dynamic changes of the blood protein metabolites in patients with normal glomerular filtration and depressed one were contrasted. The declined glomerular filtration was found to be of a passing nature, being accompanied by an increased content of nitrous products in the blood. The relation of azotemia with both renal and extrarenal factors is stressed. A relationship between the glomerular filtration and an upset hemodynamics and dehydration, as well as the absence of its dependance on isolated respiratory distressed, changes in the level of plasmatic electrolytes and also on the nature of the brain lesion and the age of patients were established.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Principles in the organization and surgical treatment of patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage].

By taking into consideration the frequency of different forms of cerebral circulatory disorders, the authors determined the number of operations required to be performed for cerebral bleeding of various etiology in localities with different numbers of populations. The paper presents some results of treatment of patients with aneurysmal ruptures and hemorrhagic stroke at the Department of Neurosurgery, N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care. The ways of improving the quality of care to patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage are outlined.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gene diagnostics of acute persistent Leptospira infection].

The results of clinical trials carried out in different foci have demonstrated high diagnostic value of analysis made with the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at early stages of Leptospira infection caused by infective agents of the serogroups Grippotyphosa, Canicola and Icterohaemorrhagiae. The possibility of leptospiremia lasting considerably longer than heretofore believed to be possible, as well as the persistence of leptospires in the liquor of patients after the acute phase of the disease is over, i.e. during the early and late convalescence periods, has been shown. This is indicative of good prospects of using the PCR analysis not only for early rapid diagnostics of Leptospira infections, but also for controlling the course of the infection, for prognosticating early and late complications of the disease, as well the mechanisms of pathogenesis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The assessment of brain stem function in the acute period of aneurysm rupture].

The functional status of the brain stem was assessed by recording evoked stem auditory potentials (ESAP) in 76 patients in the acute period of arterial aneurysm rupture. Abnormalities of ESAP were detected in 39.4% of the patients. The determinant of ESAP disorder in aneurysm rupture is the occlusive-dislocation syndrome caused by intracranial hematoma, more than 50 ml in volume, ventricular tamponade or extensive vascular spasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparison of the two schemes of protection of the electrocardiograph against defibrillator impulse].

Two typical scheme of protection of the input cascade of the electrocardiograph against defibrillator impulses are under consideration. It is concluded that the conditions of check-up and testing as envisaged in State Standard R 50267.25 (MEK 601-2-25-93), is not in line with the real operation conditions, therefore, appropriate changes are suggested to be made in the above Standard. The offered scheme is shown to ensure a decrease of the electrodes' polarization potential by 100 times.

Electric Countershock↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[HIV infection and parenteral virus hepatitis in the Krasnodar territory].

The analysis of the morbidity dynamics of HIV infection, hepatitis B and C in the Krasnodar territory for 1996-2003 is presented. The tendency of strengthening direct correlation between age-dependent rates in these groups of diseases has been established. The correlation coefficient (rxy) is at present +0.851 (HIV infection-virus hepatitis B) and +0.892 (HIV infection-virus hepatitis C). The highest levels of primary morbidity are registered in persons aged 20-39 years. The established epidemiological parallels between HIV infection and parenteral hepatitis require the development of the unified strategy of the prophylaxis of these diseases on the federal and regional levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinical picture of hemorrhages as a consequence of the rupture of cerebral arterial aneurysms].

Arterial aneurysms were found in 516 (45.9%) patients among 1,124 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SH). Five clinical and anatomical types of hemorrhages in ruptures of arterial aneurysms were distinguished. The degree of the clinical manifestations of dislocation of the brain stem and/or occlusion of the CSF tract were taken into account, which plays a role in the choice of the tactics of management. SH took an atypical course in 28% of patients. Six variants of the atypical course were distinguished.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Estimation of electrode arrangement efficiency in measurement of coordinates of dipolar myocardium sources].

Identification of early disturbances in the process of myocardium depolarization and localization of coordinates of these disturbances in the heart contour is an urgent problem of modern electrocardiography. To solve this problem, it is necessary to identify signals of small disturbances in the depolarization process related to particular zones of disturbances in myocardium. Then, the identified signals are used to calculate the disturbance coordinates. In this work, a technique for estimation of partial sensitivity of electrodes to the position and orientation of the dipolar sources in myocardium is suggested. The results of calculation of partial sensitivity presented in this work make it possible to identify effective electrodes and minimize the total number of electrodes. The obtained results enabled us to suggest a system of electrodes for measurement of coordinates of the disturbance sources.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A system of electrode arrangement for measurement of the coordinates of sources in the myocardium area].

A system of electrode arrangement for localization of zones of small depolarization abnormalities in human myocardium is suggested. Standard electrodes R, L, F and Frank electrodes H, M compatible with standard methods of examination. The total number of electrodes in the system is 15. A technique for reconstruction of the coordinates and orientation angles of the abnormality sources from measured electrode potentials is suggested. Statistical modeling is used to assess the dependence of the reconstruction error on the source position and orientation. The maximal error of coordinate measurement is found to be approximately 1.5 mm; average error, 0.75 mm.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnosis and method of surgical treatment in dislocation of the brain under the falx cerebri in craniocerebral trauma].

In 6.6% of cases a severe craniocerebral trauma is accompanied with dislocation of the brain under the falx cerebri with incarceration of the cingulate gyrus. The diagnosis of dislocation under the falx in intracranial traumatic hematoma and brain contusion-crushing is discussed. Falxotomy may be among the methods for the prevention or correction of incarceration of the cingulate gyrus. The authors suggest an operative approach for performing falxotomy with little injury as well as a surgical instrument for one-stage clipping of the inferior sagittal sinus and its division.

Acute Disease↗