Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V V Dolgov

Publications and source records attributed to V V Dolgov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Training of clinical laboratory professionals in Russia.

In Russia, specialized education of clinical laboratory physicians who work in the positions of medical technologists, head of laboratory or one of its divisions is conducted in various forms of postgraduate training, namely internship, primary specialization courses, advanced study courses, graduate clinical studies and postgraduate fellowship. Such education is offered at 14 Departments for Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, which are located within the Institutes for Advanced Medical Studies or at Faculties for Advanced Medical Studies in Medical Institutes. Until the present, the primary specialization courses and the advanced study courses have been the most prevalent forms of training clinical laboratory professionals. These two types of courses offer formal lectures, seminars as well as practical classes, and the course contents are regulated by a uniform curriculum promulgated by the Ministry of Health. Training in these courses is the necessary prerequisite to obtain degree of advanced qualification as an expert in clinical laboratory diagnostics, which in turn provides access to better remunerated positions.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1993

Cholesterol uptake in the human intestine. Hypo- and hyperresponsiveness.

Cholesterol uptake was studied at the small intestine biopsies taken from patients without intestinal malfunction. Three distinct groups of patients were described: those with low (146 +/- 19) nmol/mm2 per 2 h), medium (455 +/- 18 nmol/mm2 per 2 h) and high (833 +/- 24 nmol/mm2 per 2 h) rates of cholesterol uptake. Positive correlation between cholesterol uptake and intestinal cholesterol synthesis was observed in the last two groups.

Acetates↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of fraxiparin on thrombocytic-vascular hemostasis in patients with unstable stenocardia].

Clinical examination of 25 males with new-onset and progressive angina pectoris resistant to inpatient combined antianginal treatment versus 15 healthy males established hyperfunction of the platelets in low antithrombogenic activity of the vascular walls in patients with unstable angina pectoris. A 5-day course of fraxiparin resulted in a trend to a decrease in ADP-induced platelet aggregation and in the level of platelet factor IV. The endothelium recovered normal antiaggregation and fibrinolytic properties. This may underlie the drug efficacy against unstable angina pectoris.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of medicinal leech preparations on indicators of atherogenesis].

Medicinal leech salivary gland secretion, administered intravenously to rats on an atherogenic diet, reduces fibrinogen level and plasma heparin tolerance and diminishes lipid deposits in the intima of large vessels. Long-term chronic oral administration of dried medicinal leech powder to rats, kept on an atherogenic diet, reduces the area of local edema in the intima of large vessels, although blood lipid composition, fibrinogen level and plasma heparin tolerance remain basically unchanged, as compared to respective values in the control animals. The salivary gland secretion reduces the 3H-thymidine incorporation into the human atherosclerotic intimal cell culture.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of different lasers in terms of thrombogenicity of the laser-treated vascular wall.

The thrombogenic properties of the laser-treated vascular wall are reported as quantitatively assessed on the basis of 33 experiments with peripheral canine vessel segments. Three types of surfaces, namely, 1) intact, 2) mechanically de-endothelized, and 3) postlaser, have been simultaneously exposed to platelet-enriched plasma in a sequentially organized artificial circulation system. Then the adherent platelets have been counted on the treated surfaces, and the relative thrombogenicity index has been calculated according to the equation T = (A1 - Aint)/(Ad - Aint), where Aint, Ad, A1 = the adherent platelet counts on intact, mechanically de-endothelized, and laser-treated surfaces, respectively. The following lasers have been evaluated: 1) Nd-YAG, 1,060 nm, continuous wave, 4W; 2) argon-ion, 480 and 514 nm and argon-ion, 350 nm, continuous-wave, 1 W and 400 mW [corrected], respectively; 3) excimer XeCl, 308 nm, pulsed, 30 mJ per pulse, repetition rate 10 Hz [corrected]; and also 4) the laser-heated metal probe (2 mm diameter, Trimedyne, Nd-YAG) 1,060 nm, 8 W. The thrombogenicity index values obtained were 83 +/- 7, 72 +/- 8, 57 +/- 9, 63 +/- 7, and 82 +/- 9%, respectively. The differences between these values were statistically insignificant. The data are suggestive of the essential requirement of, at least, anticoagulant therapy after laser angioplasty irrespective of the laser type.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Thrombogenic properties of the inner vascular surface following laser exposure].

Laser angioplasty, using YAG-neodymium laser and a balloon catheter with monofiber quartz light guide (400 micron), introduced into its central canal, was performed in 8 dogs with thromboses of 11 femoral or carotid arteries. Average energy expenditure for recanalization was 26 +/- 4 J, with 4.9 +/- 0.3 W and exposure time of 5.1 +/- 0.7 s. Re-thrombosis developed after 5 to 10 days in all arteries, left in the circulation network after laser angioplasty. The latter part of the study is dealing with the assessment of the surface of femoral or carotid arteries of the dogs after laser exposure. This was done by quantitation of the adhered platelets after platelet-enriched plasma was circulated through vessels, whose inner surface was 1) intact, 2) de-endothelized, or 3) laser-damaged, using a scanning electron microscope. The thrombogenic index was 65-96, 85 and 66%, respectively, for the YAG-neodymium, argon and eximeric (XeCl) lasers.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the thrombogenic properties of vascular wall after exposure to different lasers].

Quantitative thrombogenic assessment of the inner arterial surface after laser exposure was made in 33 experiments with peripheral arterial strips of dogs. In one experiment, vascular strips with native, mechanically de-endotheliazed or laser-damaged surface were consecutively placed in a platelet-enriched plasma recirculation system, after which platelet adhesion was estimated on vascular surface of the three types, using a scanning electron microscope, and the relative thrombogenic index was calculated. The laser models used included: 1) the AIG-neodymium model, 1.06 micron; 2) the argon model with visible (488 and 514 nm) and ultraviolet (350 nm) spectra; 3) the XeCl excimer type, 308 nm, as well as a preheated metal rod, imitating a ceramic or metal tip of the light guide outlet. The thrombogenic index was 83 +/- 7; 72 +/- 8; 57 +/- 9; 63 +/- 7 and 82 +/- 9%, respectively, for the above types of exposure, the differences being virtually insignificant. It is suggested that, irrespective of the type of laser employed, laser angioplasty should at least be accompanied with intensive anticoagulant therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Carrier-directed targeting of liposomes and erythrocytes to denuded areas of vessel wall.

Immunomorphological staining of specimens prepared from human carotid arteries with anti-collagen type I antibodies reveals large amounts of type I collagen in the subendothelium of lipid fibrous plaques. Collagen type I-containing structures, once in direct contact with blood after plaque rupture, can serve as potential targets for selective delivery of liposomes and erythrocytes to these areas. To verify this rationale, [14C]cholesterol oleate-containing liposomes were conjugated with bovine or human anti-collagen type I antibodies or human plasma fibronectin. Biotin derivatives of human anti-collagen type I antibody were coupled to human erythrocytes. Modified liposomes and erythrocytes were perfused in situ through segments of bovine, rabbit, or human arteries partially denuded with a balloon catheter prior to perfusion. After perfusion, the control and denuded areas were excised and subjected to scanning electron microscopic analysis and measurements of associated radioactivity. It was found that conjugates of liposomes or erythrocytes with anti-collagen type I antibodies or fibronectin are selectively bound by endothelium-free zones of arterial segments. Carrier-directed targeting of drug-laden liposomes and erythrocytes to thrombosis-prone areas of arterial lumen is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Catecholamine-mediated injury to endothelium in rabbit perfused aorta: a quantitative analysis by scanning electron microscopy.

Perfusion of aortic segments of intact narcotized rabbits by medium 199, containing 10(-6)-10(-4) M adrenalin or noradrenalin, induced morphological injuries to endothelium: local oedema and cell losses, emergence of argyrophilic cells or cells with the widen argyrophilic cell borders. Regional changes of the mean cell density in situ were found by the quantitative scanning electron microscopy. The data obtained supports the possibility of direct injury to endothelium of aorta and large arteries as a result of intravascular infusion of catecholamines or their local therapeutic application.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Heterogeneity of endothelium in human aorta. A quantitative analysis by scanning electron microscopy.

Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize a silver-stained endothelial surface of human aorta and iliac artery. The autopsy material was taken 1-3 h after death from two age groups: group A (0-7 yr) and group B (40-75 yr). The mean cell density per 1 mm2 in the arteries of group A was significantly higher than in the arteries of group B which lie outside ostia, fatty streaks and plaques. In adult arteries the cell density over the plaque was significantly lower than in the regions overlying a fatty streak or uninvolved surface. The luminal surface of child arteries outside high hemodynamic stress zones is a homogeneous sheet covered with exceptionally small (less than 400 micron2) and medium (400-800 micron2) cells. Large (800-1200 micron2) and giant (1200-8000 micron2) endothelial cells emerge only in fatty streaks of child arteries. The luminal surface of adult arteries is a heterogeneous monolayer covered with polymorphic cells both in regions unaffected by atherosclerosis and over the fatty streak and plaque. Giant and large endothelial cells account for 25-41% of the total cell population of adult arteries, occupying more than 40% of the surface in the latter.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of adrenaline on incorporation of 125I-LDL into the aorta].

Adrenaline in concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-4) M increased the incorporation of 125I-low density lipoproteins (LDLP) into the perfused rabbit aorta, stimulating predominantly the non-specific uptake of 125I-LDLP. It was parallelled by the swelling of the endothelial lining of the aorta, expansion of the intercellular borders and an increase in the argyrophilic cell properties. The adrenoreceptor blockers phentolamine and propranolol prevented the morphological changes in the endothelium and in the incorporation of 152I-LDLP into the vascular wall. The authors feel that the catecholamine-induced damage to the endothelial lining of the aorta presents one of the mechanisms of atherogenesis stimulation following psychoemotional stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Deleterious action of adrenaline on the endothelial lining of the vessels].

Perfusion of the aorta of anesthesized rabbits with medium 199 containing adrenaline at a concentration of 10(-6)-10(-4) M results in multiple morphological damages of the endothelial lining: contraction of endotheliocytes with the dilation of intercellular borders, appearance of areas of swelling (from a diffuse edema of single cells up to massive swelling of several hundred cells). The surface of the deendothelized aorta was greater at the highest dose of adrenaline. Inclusion into the perfusate of adrenaline blockers, such as phentolamine and propranolol at a concentration of 10(-5) M prevented endothelial constriction and edema. Similar focal swelling in the intima of aorta and coronary arteries was found in children dying from grave stress (trauma, asphyxia). The data obtained indicate that adrenaline after its therapeutic intravenous or local use may exert a direct damaging effect on the vascular endothelium.

Animals↗