Intracranial tuberculoma with cutaneous miliary tuberculosis.
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
V Puri
Publications and source records attributed to V Puri.
The Aicardi syndrome.
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Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
Neurocysticercosis in children.
Twenty seven cases (13 male, 14 female) in the age group of 3-12 years with cerebral cysticercosis were studied and followed up to 3.9 years (mean 1.85 +/- 0.91 years). Seizures (partial 76% and generalized 23.8%) was the feature in 21 patients (77.7%) and raised intracranial tension in 15 (55.5%). Five patients (18.2%) had meningoencephalitis, while 4 (14.8%) had obstructive hydrocephalus due to intraventricular cysts in the 4th ventricle. Twenty two patients received cysticidal drugs (praziquantel or albendazole), while 8 had surgical intervention (CSF diversion, cyst removal, subtemporal decompression or extirpation of the cortical cyst). Mortality was 18.2%. Survivors had epilepsy in 18 patients (81.8%), dementia in 2 (9%), mental subnormality in 6 (27.2%) and hyperkinesia in 12 (54.5%).
Adolescent↗
Congenital skull and scalp defect.
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Cicatrix↗
An unusual case of plasma cell granuloma involving lung and brain.
A young male aged 20 years had resection of the upper lobe of right lung for plasma cell granuloma. Five years later he developed three lesions in the brain, one of which was resected. Brain lesion showed similar histopathological picture. A unique case of plasma cell granuloma involving more than one organ is reported.
Adult↗
Role of magnetic resonance (MR) in the diagnosis and management of intracranial tuberculomas.
Thirty-one patients with intracranial tuberculomas were diagnosed on the basis of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The diagnosis was confirmed in 30; one case was a false-positive. A total of 44 tuberculomas was found in these patients of which 41 were distributed in the cerebral hemispheres, two in the brainstem and one in the cerebellum. No correlation was found between the type of lesion seen on CT and those seen on MR imaging. CT was negative in one patient with a low brainstem tuberculoma. The final diagnosis was based on the response to antituberculous drug treatment as judged by serial MR imaging in 29 patients and by biopsy in one; and one was false-positive. Thirty-nine tuberculomas, all under 2.5 cm in size, showed complete resolution after 5-8 months of treatment. The remaining five lesions were larger than 2.5 cm; four showed a 50% reduction in size after 12 months of treatment and one was completely excised. Three types of response are described to the treatment with anti-tuberculous drugs. The diagnosis of intracranial tuberculomas can be made more objectively with MR imaging.
Adolescent↗
Intramedullary dermoids in children.
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Adolescent↗
Juvenile diabetes manifesting as epilepsia partialis continua.
Epilepsia partialis continua was the chief initial complaint in a young diabetic who was found to have hyperosmolar non ketotic hyperglycaemia. Such a presentation in a juvenile diabetic is rare. Literature relevant to this interesting neurologic disturbance has been briefly reviewed.
Adult↗
Prostanoid mediated effects of centchroman, a non-steroidal oral contraceptive.
The effect of centchroman, a non-steroidal oral contraceptive, has been studied on platelet aggregation and on the products of arachidonate metabolism. Centchroman inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo after acute as well as chronic treatment for one year in laboratory animals. It did not affect aggregation of platelets in women taking centchroman for one year. It is an inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase as indicated by the inhibition of malonaldehyde and thromboxane B2 but has no effect on vascular cyclooxygenase activity ex vivo or at low concentration in vitro. Thus, centchroman is a safe antifertility agent without risk of thrombotic episodes associated with hormonal oral contraceptives.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Reproductive endocrine effects of intranasal administration of norethisterone to adult female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).
Intranasal administration of norethisterone at a daily dose of 9 micrograms between Days 5 and 14 of the menstrual cycles blocked ovulation in 10 out of 17 adult female monkeys. Serum concentrations of hormones indicated that ovulation was blocked due to a suppression of the mid-cycle, oestradiol-induced LH surge. Ovarian follicular activity in the treated menstrual cycles was not affected by norethisterone but there was a marked delay in the onset of the mid-cycle oestradiol surge in most of the treated animals. The duration of the menstrual cycle length after the oestradiol peak was significantly reduced in all the treated monkeys, indicative of a shortened luteal phase.
Administration, Intranasal↗
Effect of curcumin on platelet aggregation and vascular prostacyclin synthesis.
In vitro and ex vivo effects of 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (diferuloylmethane, curcumin) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) and on platelet aggregation has been studied in rat. Both drugs inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, epinephrine (adrenaline)- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in monkey plasma. Pretreatment with ASA (25-100 mg/kg), but not curcumin (100-300 mg/kg), inhibited PGI2 synthesis in rat aorta. In the in vitro system, too, curcumin caused a slight increase in the synthesis of PGI2, while ASA inhibited it. Curcumin may, therefore, be preferable in patients prone to vascular thrombosis and requiring antiarthritic therapy.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Reproductive endocrine effects of intranasal administration of progesterone to adult female rhesus monkeys.
Adult female rhesus monkeys exhibiting normal ovulatory menstrual cycles were treated with progesterone nasal sprays. Animals in group A (n = 9) were treated with the solvent only (controls). Animals in groups B (n = 6), C (n = 17) and D (n = 7), respectively, were treated with a daily dose of 0.4, 2 and 10 micrograms of progesterone and the spraying was done between days 5-14 of the cycle. Ovulation was monitored by laparoscopy on day 20. The serum endocrine profile throughout the treated menstrual cycle was studied with respect to oestradiol and progesterone. Bioactive luteinizing hormone (bLH) was studied in blood samples taken on the day of the mid-cycle oestradiol peak, 2 days before, and 2 days after. The menstrual cycle was divided into two phases with respect to the mid-cycle oestradiol peak: phase I was taken to include day 1 of the cycle to the day of the oestradiol peak, and the remaining part of the menstrual cycle was considered to be phase II. The serum-endocrine profile in the controls was similar to that observed in normal ovulatory menstrual cycles. However, in the progesterone-treated groups three types of menstrual cycles were discernable on the basis of the serum endocrine profile. In the type I menstrual cycle, observed only in group C (n = 10), the mid-cycle bLH peak was abolished and the progesterone levels remained low throughout the cycle. Laparoscopy revealed these to be anovulatory cycles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Administration, Intranasal↗
Day and night levels of hormones in male rhesus monkeys kept under controlled or constant environmental light.
The marked differences between day and night levels of testosterone, cortisol, prolactin and bioactive luteinizing hormone observed in adult male rhesus monkeys maintained at 12 h light: 12 h dark schedule are not changed by exposing monkeys to constant illumination for a period of up to 15 days. These findings suggest that the photoperiodicity of environmental light may not be the principal determinant for the occurrence of the diurnal rhythms observed in the circulating levels of the 4 hormones studied.
Animals↗
Gonadotropin and lipoprotein receptor levels in rat luteal cells of early pregnancy.
Dispersed cells from rat corpora lutea isolated on pregnancy days, 5, 7, 10 and 13, yielded three distinct sub-populations of luteal cells when centrifuged in a continuous, 0-40%, Metrizamide density gradient. Bands I and II (refract. ind. 1.340-1.346) constituted highly enriched, functional, luteal cell fractions. The more dense fraction (Band III, refract. ind. 1.348-1.355), while contaminated with non-luteal cells, also contained cells capable of progesterone production. Progesterone synthesis by all three sub-populations was stimulated by LH, and each sub-population bound [125I]-labeled hCG and [125I]-labeled HDL with high affinity. However, the concentrations of LH/hCG and lipoprotein binding sites were greater in Band I + II than in Band III. Progesterone secretion during the selected days of pregnancy, being high on days 5 and 13 with a nadir on day 10, was shown to correlate with the concentration of LH/hCG-binding sites present on Band I + II cells. This correlation was not seen when comparing Band III cells. The concentration of HDL-binding sites did not vary significantly with the sub-populations of luteal cells isolated on the selected days of pregnancy.
Animals↗
Pharmacokinetics of progesterone after its administration to ovariectomized rhesus monkeys by injection, infusion, or nasal spraying.
The pharmacokinetics of progesterone (dose: 10 microgram per animal) were studied in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of adult ovariectomized rhesus monkeys after the administration of the steroid as an intravenous injection, intravenous infusion (duration of infusion: 10 min), or nasal spray. The bioavailability of progesterone, in terms of area under the time--concentration curve and the maximal concentration in the two body fluids, was significantly higher when the steroid was infused or sprayed intranasally than when it was injected intravenously. The clearance of the steroid from the serum, as estimated by its elimination rate constant, elimination half-life, and total body clearance, did not differ for the three methods of administration. These findings suggest that the bioavailability of progesterone is enhanced by extending the duration over which the steroid is delivered into the hemic circulation.
Animals↗