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Biomedical subjects

V N Orlov

Publications and source records attributed to V N Orlov.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Effect of gravitation plasmapheresis on central hemodynamics and indices of myocardial metabolism in patients with acute complicated myocardial infarct].

A study of 32 patients with complicated acute myocardial infarction, treated with gravitation plasmapheresis during the acute phase of the disease, demonstrated a significant drop in blood concentrations of compounds with high molecular weights (fibrinogen, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein) as well as a significant activation of the heart's pumping function, while total peripheral resistance declined, as did the degree of myocardial ischemia. This is interpreted as an evidence of positive effect of plasmapheresis on central hemodynamics, myocardial metabolism and clinical course of myocardial infarction in such patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnostic significance of opportunistic bacteria in acute intestinal infections].

A study was made of the rate of the cultivation of opportunistic bacteria (OB) from the feces of different groups of patients, normal persons and those examined in accordance with epidemic indications as well as of serological modulations in autogenous strains of the bacteria. The rate of the cultivation of the different types of OB in the different groups, in inpatients and outpatients, and the character of the serological modulations in them depending on the OB type and the group under examination were different. Evolution in the specific composition of OB over the recent 20 years is demonstrated. The principles of evaluating the diagnostic importance of OB cultivated from the feces of patients and normal persons are worded. Five possible versions of the diagnostic interpretation of OB demonstration in human feces are presented.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

[Plasma level of von Willebrand factor in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Willebrand's factor is plasma protein involved in the processes of thrombo- and atherogenesis. Influencing the initial stages of platelet activation it may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). The content of Willebrand's factor was measured in 52 healthy subjects of different age and in 63 patients with CHD. Of these, 42 patients presented with acute myocardial infarction and 21 with angina pectoris. Use was made of a quantitative method based on ristomycin aggregation of formalin-fixed platelets from healthy subjects in the presence of Willebrand's factor of the test plasma. In angina pectoris patients, the highest content was detected if the disease took a graver course. In acute myocardial infarction, the content of Willebrand's factor was noted, in part of cases, to be high since the first hours of disease. In one of the cases the high content of the factor foretold the disease development. Myocardial infarction itself brought about another elevation of the factor content in plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, propranolol and mannitol on the size of a myocardial infarct].

Effects of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, propranolol and mannitol on the size of infarcted and peri-infarction areas were examined in 276 patients with acute left-ventricular anterior myocardial infarction. The study involved an assessment of electrocardiograms from 35 precordial leads, and the measurement of central venous blood pressure, hemodynamic parameters, serum enzymes, acid-base state and, in some patients, the pressure inside the pulmonary artery, right and left cavities of the heart and the aorta, left-ventricular kinetocardiography, etc. All the drugs examined were shown to have a favourable effect on the size of the peri-infarction area and reduce the extent of myocardial infarction. Indications for each of the drugs have been worked out on a differential basis. A detailed analysis of ECG patterns from multiple chest leads under the action of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, propranolol and mannitol is presented.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1984

Shape and spreading of platelets from the blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction.

The shape of platelets in circulating blood and alterations of this shape after the contact of platelets with glass surfaces, as well as spontaneous platelet aggregation, were examined in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in controls. The shape of circulating platelets were studied by scanning electron microscopy and the spreading--by differential interference contrast microscopy. Most platelets circulating in the blood of the patients with AMI had non-activated discoid shape; the percentage of these non-activated platelets was similar to that in the control group. However, these platelets of many AMI patients acquired an increased ability to undergo morphological changes after contact with glass. The percentage of spread platelets in controls was never higher than 50%. In contrast, this percentage was higher than 50% in 73% of patients with AMI. Increased spontaneous platelet aggregation was determined only in 30% of AMI patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Use of sodium nitroprusside in patients with acute myocardial infarct complicated by left ventricular failure].

Fifty-six patients with acute myocardial infarction aggravated by left ventricular insufficiency were examined. A series of 39 patients received the intravenous instillation of sodium nitroprusside, the remaining 17 patients were given conventional treatment. Hemodynamic parameters and those yielded by precordial mapping at 35 leads were compared over time between the groups. Sodium nitroprusside therapy was related to significant beneficial changes in the hemodynamic parameters and ECG. It is concluded that sodium nitroprusside is highly effective in controlling left ventricular insufficiency in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Changes in the hemodynamics and myocardial contraction in ventricular extrasystole].

On the basis of electrokymographic and echocardiographic findings, the authors elucidated a sharp fall in myocardial hemodynamics and contractility during extrasystole contractions arising from the ventricles which was directly dependent on the severity of blood circulation insufficiency. Post-extrasystole contractions occurring after a full compensatory pause tended to compensate the worsened hemodynamics only partially; the degree of compensation being the higher, the better the functional state of the myocardium.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma factors of blood coagulation and changes in fibrinolysis in patients with borderline arterial hypertension in thermoneutral water immersion].

The effect of 7-day "dry" immersion on the hemocoagulation system of male test subjects aged 45-55, was examined. The experiments were carried out on 15 volunteers, 11 of whom had boundary arterial hypertension (BAH) (according to the WHO classification) and 4 were healthy controls. The data obtained (thromboelastograms and coagulograms) show that "dry" immersion induces hypercoagulopathic changes in the hemocoagulation system. The BAH patients have displayed a more marked fibrinolysis depression, indicating a decline of their reserve-adaptive capabilities.

Blood Coagulation↗