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Biomedical subjects

V K Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to V K Sharma.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Palmar dermatoglyphics of the Khatri males.

From an analysis of the bilateral palm prints of 230 khatri males from district Hoshiarpur area, the following points emerge: (1) Line D ends at higher position (11) more often in right palms than in the left, while endings at lower positions (7, 8, 90 and 10) are less frequent in the right palms as compared to the left. (2) The trend for the three modal types for line D is 11 greater than 9 greater than 7. (3) Line C is more often abortive in the left palms than in the right. (4) The value of axial triradii of "t" type has been found to be maximum in both the hands. (5) Most of the patterns in the hypothenar area are found to be less frequent in the right palms as compared to the left. The total frequency of the patterns is 28.693. Radial and ulnar loops are the most predominant types of patterns in this area. (6) The frequency of patterns in the thenar/Ist interdigital area is very much higher in the left palms than in the right. The total frequency (right + left palms) is 15.434. (7) The frequency of patterns in the IInd, IIIrd and IVth interdigital area has been found to be 11.806, 56.956 and 59.130, respectively. Patterns are found to be more frequent in the right palms as compared to the left in case of the IInd and IIIrd interdigital areas, while this is just the reverse in case of the IVth interdigital area.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1981

Natural resistance against tetanus in patients with lepromatous leprosy.

Tetanus antitoxin levels in the sera of unimmunized lepromatous patients, often suffering from many ulcerations on their limbs due to physical and thermal trauma, but not developing clinical tetanus, were studied. Sera from 40 such patients with no history of immunization against tetanus, 35 unimmunized matched controls and 12 immunized controls were tested for the presence of tetanus antitoxin by the passive haemagglutination technique. 45% of patients, 17% of controls and all the immunized patients showed adequate serum antibody levels. Eight of the 22 leprosy patients, with no detectable antitoxin on their sera, were immunized with a single dose of tetanus toxoid and all showed sero-conversion four weeks later. 2-Mercaptoethanol (2ME) treatment of these sera showed both IgM and IgG classes of specific antibody in all groups but the level of mature antibody of IgC class was higher in the immunized group. Neutralization test further confirmed the presence of protective antibodies in these sera.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Climacteric symptoms: a study in the Indian context.

The climacteric is a universal phenomenon which has received relatively little attention from psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists and social workers all over the world, but almost no research on this subject has been carried out in the Third-World countries. This study, carried out in India, has been conducted for the purpose of unravelling the difficulties that Indian women have to face during the climacteric. 405 married women between 40 and 55 yr of age from the general population were contacted and interviewed. The results, obtained with the menopausal symptom checklist prepared by the authors, indicate (as do other recent surveys) that hot flushes, night sweats and insomnia seem to be clearly associated with the menopause. Also the incidence of other symptoms is described. Despite embarrassment or discomfort experienced from these symptoms by a majority of women, only 10% had apparently sought medical treatment. This study underlines the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to the problems of menopause and ageing.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors of cerebral microvessels.

The presence of alpha- and beta-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in cerebral microvessels of the rat and pig was assessed by ligand binding techniques. The results demonstrate the presence of specific binding to alpha 2- and beta-adrenergic receptors but no appreciable specific binding to alpha 1-adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic receptors. beta-Adrenergic receptors of pig cerebral microvessels are similar to those of the brain and other organs in their binding characteristics to the tritiated ligand and in their stereospecificity of binding to the biologically active isomers of beta-adrenergic agonists. Further evidence derived from the differential potency of binding displacement by the various beta-adrenergic agonists and selective beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic antagonists indicates that beta-adrenergic receptors of pig cerebral microvessels are mostly of the beta 2-subtype.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Left atrial myxoma. A morphologic and histogenetic study.

Seven cases of excised left atrial myxoma are described. These are compared with organizing and organized thrombi. The tumors occurred at ages ranging from 13 to 48 years with male preponderance. There were distinct histological and histochemical differences between myxomas and thrombi. Myxomas were lobulated, soft and gelatinous. The cells were arranged singly, in syncytium, or in gland like manner and around blood vessels. Scant to abundant acid mucopolysaccharide rich stroma with strong metachromasia was present. The cells on histochemical staining revealed a wide range of differentiation and contained small amounts of neutral mucopolysaccharides. Thrombi, on the other hand, were firm, laminated, and the cells were arranged in several stratified layers. Metachromasia was absent. Neutral polysaccharides were absent within the cells of thrombi, These features support the concept that cardiac myxoma is a neoplasm and arises possibly from multipotential mesenchymal cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of growth-promoting chemicals on growth, nitrogen fixation and heterocyst frequency of a blue-green alga.

IAA was found to stimulate growth, nitrogen fixation and pigment synthesis in Anabaena doliolum in all concentrations tested. Heterocyst frequency was stimulated up to a concentration of 50 ppm IAA. NAA stimulated growth and nitrogen fixation up to 10 ppm. GA promoted growth, pigment synthesis, heterocyst frequency and nitrogen fixation only up to a concentration of 2 ppm. Kinetin promoted growth up to 100 ppm and synthesis of pigments, while nitrogen fixation was stimulated up to 5 ppm.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1981

Genetic studies among Ramgarhias and Ramdasias of Punjab, North India.

This study reports results of investigations on ABO, Rh, haptoglobin and transferrin types in the two hitherto uninvestigated endogamous groups of Punjab, North India. Frequencies for the A, B, and O genes were found to be 0.1711, 0.2566, and 0.5723 in Ramdasias, and 0.1737, 0.2960, and 0.5303 in Ramgarhias. In all 13 Rhesus-negative individuals were encountered. The Hp2 allele shows a high frequency of 0.8060 for Ramdasias, and 0.7860 for Ramgarhias.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

A study of some genetic markers among Ramgarhias, an artisan caste of Punjab.

156 males and 63 females belonging to the Ramgarhia community, an endogamous group of Punjab, were taken for the study of genetical markers like taste ability to PTC, mid digital hair and colourblindness, whereas 75 (50 males and 25 females) were tested for serum proteins. 71.70% males and 73.85% females were found to be tasters. The mid digital hair was absent in 67.34% of females and 64.74% of males. No female was found to be colourblind, however, 4.48% males were found having defective colourvision. The phenotypic frequencies of Hp 2--2, Hp 2--1 and Hp 1--1 were found to be 64.00%, 32.00% and 4.00%, respectively. No variant of transferrins and albumin was found.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1981

Occurrence of seroagglutinins against a polyvalent preparation of commonly occurring Salmonella somatic groups in farm animals and man.

A large proportion of human and animals' (buffaloes, sheep and mares) serum samples contained haemagglutinins against a polyvalent preparation of commonly occurring Salmonella somatic groups (4, 12; 4, 5, 12; 6, 7; 9, 12; 3, 10; 11 and 16) by indirect haemagglutination test (IHA). The inhibition of Salmonella haemagglutinins in serum samples of man and animals by 2-mercaptoethanol indicated that IgM moiety of immunoglobulins mainly participated in haemagglutination. The detection of haemagglutinins in large numbers of serum samples of animals and human at a titre of 1/80 or more by IHA may be considered important from Salmonella surveillance point of view.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cellular and humoral immune responses in calves experimentally infected with Salmonella dublin.

Both humoral and cellular immune responses have been found to be operative in calves surviving smooth Salmonella dublin infection. Such calves showed rises in agglutinin titre and serum immunoglobulin as compared to uninfected controls. These calves at 3 weeks post infection showed a 3-4 fold increase of initial skin thickness at 5 h post antigen inoculation - an indication of immediate type of skin hypersensitivity reaction. The maximum increase in skin thickness of 2-3 fold was observed at 48 h post antigen inoculation - a criterion of delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. There was a moderate increase, 28.1 per cent in the migration inhibition of peripheral leucocytes during the first week and a sharp increase, 45.7 and 66.6 per cent during the second and third week post infection, respectively. Passively immunized calves on challenge exhibited delayed clinical symptoms and mortality as compared to control animals, though the calves could not be protected against challenge. The serum immunoglobulin levels in passively immunized calves decreased moderately during the first week and markedly during the second week post challenge while in the control calves the levels dropped abruptly in the first week followed by death in both groups.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1981

Cerebral compensation for chronic noradrenergic denervation induced by locus ceruleus lesion: recovery of receptor binding, isoproterenol-induced adenylate cyclase activity, and oxidative metabolism.

The long term effects of specific noradrenergic denervation of rat cerebral cortex were considered in parallel studies of in vitro noradrenergic receptor binding and isoproterenol-induced adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cycle AMP) generation and of in vivo oxidative metabolism. Noradrenergic denervation was achieved by the local, unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the locus ceruleus. Cerebral noradrenaline remained depleted throughout the 8-week duration of the study. Ligand-binding assays showed increased beta-adrenergic receptors 2 weeks after locus ceruleus lesion with recovery occurring by 4 weeks. There were no changes in alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. Isoproterenol-induced cyclic AMP generation increased at 2 weeks after lesion but recovered at 8 weeks. Dual wavelength reflection spectrophotometric measurements of cytochrome oxidase reduction/oxidation and local blood volume shifts, provoked in situ by direct cortical stimulation, also demonstrated abnormalities at 2 weeks with recovery by 4 weeks after lesion. Thus, in vivo and in vitro changes after locus ceruleus lesion are reversible and the time course of these changes is related temporally. These data suggest that cerebral cortex has adaptive capabilities which are activated to compensate for prolonged noradrenaline depletion. We also speculate that there may be a causal relationship between the in vitro and in vivo parameters studied.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1980

Ouabain stimulation of noradrenaline transport in guinea pig heart.

Cardiac glycosides such as ouabain inhibit Na+-dependent high-affinity noradrenaline uptake in sympathetic nerve terminals by interacting with (Na+ + K+)ATPase located in the neuronal membrane. It has been suggested that the augmentation of noradrenaline concentration at the neuromuscular junctions following the inhibition of its uptake may contribute to the ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmia seen with toxic doses of the drug. Although it is generally accepted that the biochemical basis for the pharmacological response of cardiac glycosides must involve specific interaction of this class of drugs with the cardiac cell membrane Na+, K+-exchange pump, the precise molecular mechanism for the improvement of muscle performance by ouabain is controversial. Many investigators claim that cardiac glycosides increase myocardial force of contraction by inhibiting (Na+ + K+)ATPase. According to this hypothesis, such an inhibition might increase the intracellular concentration of Na+, which may augment the activity of the transmembrane Na+, Ca2+-exchange pump described by several workers. We have found that ouabain stimulates Na+-dependent transport of noradrenaline by guinea pig heart sympathetic nerve terminals.

Animals↗