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Biomedical subjects

V K Jain

Publications and source records attributed to V K Jain.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The treatment of dural AVM by embolization with aron alpha (ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate).

The authors report four cases of dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treated by a modified technique of embolization. Three cases had posterior fossa dural AVM and one had bilateral supratentorial dural AVM. The authors think that the best way to treat dural AVM is to close its nidus completely. This could be achieved by a safe and easy technique of embolization. The material used for embolization should intimately adhere to the vascular network and should not become fragmented. We used aron alpha (Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate). This is a biological glue and it sets in a solid membranous form instantaneously on coming into the contact with an ionic medium. It does not get fragmented. Aron alpha was injected into the nidus of the AVM through a cannula inserted only into the main feeding artery in four cases of dural AVM reported here. Postoperative angiography showed complete obliteration of the AVM's, they did not fill either from the treated artery or from the untreated feeding arteries. The technique is easy and safe. There was no operative or postoperative complication. All the patients have remained asymptomatic to date, i.e. 2, 2, 6 and 7 1/2 years after the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Benign subarachnoid haemorrhage (subarachnoid haemorrhage of unknown aetiology).

Forty three patients of subarachnoid haemorrhage of unknown aetiology have been studied for their clinical presentation, rebleed rate, morbidity and mortality. The results have been compared with other similar studies. The present study and those of others indicate a very good prognosis in acute stage. The rebleed rate ranged between 0 and 7% over a period of two to three years. The mortality rate ranged between 0 and 5% during the same period of follow-up. Majority of the patients returned to their full working capacity. The benign nature of this subgroup as compared to the poor outcome of subarachnoid haemorrhage as a whole prompted us to call it "Benign subarachnoid haemorrhage".

Female↗
PubMed1987

An experimental model of communicating hydrocephalus in C57 black mouse.

The authors report a new experimental model for the study of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was produced in C57 black mouse by transplanting human glioma cultured cells. 20% of the animals developed hydrocephalus while the incidence of spontaneous hydrocephalus is only 1%. The transplanted cells disappeared within 72 hours. The mouse developed progressive hydrocephalus. There was no evidence of blockage of CSF pathways. The only abnormal microscopic finding was a scattered collection of lymphoid cells in some of the animals, which may be a hypersensitivity reaction to the cells. A similarly hypersensitive reaction to the foreign maternal protein which may enter the foetal circulation is suggested as the cause of hydrocephalus in some of the cases of congenital hydrocephalus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Hemiatrophy and glioblastoma.

There are very few recorded instances of brain tumors with ipsilateral secondary brain atrophy. All 10 cases in the literature are from Japan. We report a case of primary cerebral hemiatrophy with ipsilateral glioblastoma. As far as we are aware, no such case has been described in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Modification of the radiation induced damage by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in organ cultures of human cerebral gliomas.

Effects of a glucose antimetabolite, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), on the gamma ray induced radiation damage have been studied in organ cultures of human cerebral gliomas. Percentage of cells with micronuclei (M-fraction) was used to assay the radiation damage. Experimental data indicate the following results. Untreated cerebral gliomas show considerable spatial heterogeneity in M-fraction; In spite of this heterogeneity, increases in M-fraction induced by gamma rays can be clearly observed, if multiple and randomly selected explants are analyzed for each group; The radiation induced M-fraction in different gliomas varies over a wide range; Presence of 2-DG (5 mM) for 4 h after irradiation leads to an increase in the radiation induced M-fraction in the majority of tumors, while in a smaller number (congruent to 25%) a decrease is observed under similar conditions. These results can be explained on the basis of a model postulating differential effects of 2-DG on the energy linked modulations of the processes of repair and fixation of DNA damage, which competitively influence the formation of micronuclei.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Synthesis and antiarrhythmic activity of novel 3-alkyl-1-[omega-[4-[(alkylsulfonyl)amino]phenyl]-omega- hydroxyalkyl]-1H-imidazolium salts and related compounds. 2.

Novel analogues of the class III antiarrhythmic agent 1-[2-hydroxy-2-[4-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]phenyl]ethyl]-3-methyl-1H- imidazolium chloride, 1 (CK-1649), were prepared and investigated for their class III electrophysiological activity on isolated canine cardiac Purkinje fibers and ventricular muscle tissue. Structure-activity relationships are discussed for a series of 11 compounds. One compound, N-[4-[1-hydroxy-2-(4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1- yl)ethyl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide hydrochloride, 9, was comparable in activity to 1 in vitro and prolonged the functional refractory period in anesthetized dogs when given intraduodenally. Unlike 1, compound 9 was ineffective at preventing ventricular tachycardia induced by programmed electrical stimulation in anesthetized dogs 24 h after an acute myocardial infarction.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1987

Neurostimulation for patients in vegetative status.

Dorsal column stimulation has been used in four patients who were in a persistent vegetative state. There was improvement of the EEG in four patients and clinical improvement in three patients. Stimulation was for 12 hours per day at 100 Hz, 5 to 8 volts, and with a pulse width of 0.12 msec. The mechanism of improvement may involve changes in cerebral blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A personal point of view to EC-IC bypass surgery in completed stroke after the co-operative study].

The role of EC-IC bypass surgery has become a very controversial issue recently. EC-IC anastomosis was performed in 132 patients of stroke in our institute. Thirty six of them which could be followed up completely had a completed stroke and ten of these showed a significant clinical improvement by the next day of surgery. We studied the angiograms, CT scans and dynamic CT studies of all 36 patients to determine the common factors responsible for a significant clinical improvement in these ten patients. It was found that patients with occlusion of middle cerebral arteries and with good collateral circulation fared better than those with other lesions and good cross circulation. Site of low density on CT revealed patient with watershed low density did well. Characteristic of low density area was found to be a significant factors. If the low density area was homogeneous and well defined in an arterial territory, it was invariably associated with no improvement after surgery. Patients showing an improvement had scattered or irregular low density areas. Dynamic CT studies were not found to be significant.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

Ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate as an embolic agent for cranial arteriovenous malformations. An experimental study.

Physical properties of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (Aron Alpha) were studied in comparison with isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate (IBCA). Aron Alpha is characterized by high viscosity, a short polymerization time, low spreadability and low fragmentability. On the other hand, IBCA had low viscosity, a relatively long polymerization time, high spreadability and high fragmentability. Based on these findings, it is suggested that IBCA is suitable for transcatheter embolization, and Aron Alpha for intraoperative embolization. Mixture of IBCA with 5% Aron Alpha suppressed the spreadability and the fragmentability of IBCA, resulting in reduction of distal migration of IBCA into the venous system.

Adhesives↗