Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V K Jain

Publications and source records attributed to V K Jain.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Chelation in metal intoxication. XXXVIII: Effect of structurally different chelating agents in treatment of nickel intoxication in rat.

Some structurally different chelating agents viz. alpha-mercapto-beta-(2-furyl) acrylic acid (MFA), alpha-mercapto-beta-(2-thienyl) acrylic acid (MTA), meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS), diethyl dithiocarbamate (DE-DTC), and N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (NBG-DTC) were evaluated for their efficacy to mobilized nickel and reverse some nickel-induced biochemical alterations in experimental nickel intoxication. MFA, DMSA, and NBG-DTC appear more effective than their corresponding homologs, MTA, DMPS and DE-DTC, respectively, in enhancing urinary and fecal excretion of nickel and lowering tissue burden of nickel in nickel preexposed rats. These, particularly NBG-DTC, appear promising in the treatment of nickel (II) poisoning. However, there seems no definite relationship between the structure of the chelating agents examined and their ability to counteract the effects of nickel.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1996

Immunoglobulin M immunoblot for diagnosis of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in patients with acute facial palsy.

We used immunoblotting to improve the specificity of the serologic diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in cases of acute facial palsy. Twelve of 15 patients (80%) with suspected Lyme borreliosis, versus 0 of 10 controls, were positive by immunoglobulin M immunoblotting of acute-phase sera and 3 were negative, including 2 with borderline enzyme immunoassay results. Immunoglobulin M immunoblotting is a useful test to confirm Borrelia burgdorferi infection in patients with acute facial palsy and a positive enzyme immunoassay result.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Effects of locus of control, occupational stress, and psychological distress on job satisfaction among nurses.

This study evaluated the effects of locus of control, occupational stress, and psychological symptom distress on reported job satisfaction in a sample of 34 practicing nurses. As predicted, greater work-related stress and higher psychological symptom distress were significantly negatively correlated with job satisfaction. External locus of control was also negatively associated with job satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Posterior occipitoaxial fusion for atlantoaxial dislocation associated with occipitalized atlas.

Between 1989 and 1994, 50 patients suffering from congenital atlantoaxial dislocation with either an assimilated atlas or a thin or deficient posterior arch of the atlas were treated with occipitocervical fusion using the technique described by Jain and colleagues in 1993 with a few modifications. An artificial bridge created from the occipital bone along the margin of the foramen magnum was fused to the axis using sublaminar wiring and interposed strut and lateral onlay bone grafts. Ten patients (20%) also underwent atlantoaxial lateral joint fusion by intraarticular instillation of bone chips. In 22 patients (44%) with irreducible dislocation, posterior fusion was preceded by transoral odontoidectomy. In seven patients (14%) with ventral compression, who showed marked clinical improvement on traction despite radiological evidence of persisting atlantoaxial dislocation, occipitocervical fusion was performed without ventral decompression. Seven patients (14%) underwent a single-stage transoral odontoidectomy and posterior fusion. There was no perioperative mortality and the osseous fusion rate was 88%. Of the 43 patients available at follow-up examination (range 3-12 months), 31 patients (72.09%) improved, seven (16.28%) remained the same, and five (11.6%) deteriorated in comparison with their preoperative status. Hence, this technique achieves a stable occipitocervical arthrodesis without supplemental external orthoses and facilitates early postoperative mobilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Dual use of silver for management of chronic bone infections and infected non-unions.

Broad spectrum antibacterial effect of electrically generated silver ions has been fully established. Present work consists of clinical evaluation of beneficial antibacterial effect of silver ions liberated electrically with the help of locally manufactured power pack in 920 proved cases of chronic osteomyelitis with or without pathological fractures and septic non-unions. Wound debridement, silver iontophoresis, proper immobilisation and subsequent wound care yielded not only control of bone infections in 85% cases, but also produced healing of pathological fractures in 83% patients. Results remained unaffected by age or sex of patient, type of bone involved, duration of previous illness or type of previous treatment. Follow-up varied from 6 months to 10 years. This technique is likely to open a new chapter in treatment of chronic resistant bone infections and septic non-unions due to open fractures particularly in developing countries of the world.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Ukrain treatment in carcinoma of the oesophagus (case report).

A poorly differentiated squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma was diagnosed in a patient after an 11 month history of difficulty in swallowing. The condition was inoperable according to clinical and X-ray contrast examinations. Radiation therapy with three courses of chemotherapy was carried out, but no amelioration was obtained. Ukrain therapy (course of 46 ampoules) was undertaken; this changed the situation entirely: all the subjective problems disappeared and no residual cancer was seen on the X-rays. Complete remission is seen nearly four years after Ukrain therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Primary brain lymphoma. A brief review of clinical aspects and management.

Primary C.N.S. lymphoma is a rare tumor. Five such cases were treated in our clinic between January, 1991, and October, 1993. Four patients had tumor decompression and one had total resection. All of them received radiotherapy (radiation dose 40 Gy) and chemotherapy. One patient expired during the immediate postoperative period. Four patients showed a disappearance of the tumor on CT scan after the complete course of therapy of 9 months. Three patients showed recurrence intracranially at 15, 12, and 10 months. All patients died during follow up except one, who has been alive without recurrence for 10 months. Median survival was 13 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Cystic intracranial mass lesions: possible role of in vivo MR spectroscopy in its differential diagnosis.

Thirty-four patients showing cystic intracranial mass lesions on MR imaging were evaluated by in vivo proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) with the aim of detecting lesion-specific spectral patterns that may assist imaging in better tissue characterization. In vivo spectroscopy was performed using stimulated echo acquisition mode with echo times 20 and 270 m in all, and spin echo with echo time 135 m in 11 patients. All primary neoplasms (intra-as well as extra-axial) showed choline (3.22 ppm) resonance along with lipid and/or lactate (1.3 ppm). It was not possible to grade cystic gliomas based on N-acetyl asparate-to-choline ratio. High-grade gliomas (n = 8) showed lipid/lactate and low-grade gliomas (n = 6) showed only lactate. Seven patients with brain abscess showed resonances only from acetate (1.92 ppm), lactate (1.3 ppm) and alanine (1.5 ppm). Two cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma showed only lipid/lactate. In 7 patients with epidermoid cyst, lactate along with an unassigned resonance at 1.8 ppm was observed and could be easily differentiated from arachnoid cysts (n = 2), which showed only minimal lactate. A case of cystic meningioma could be differentiated from cystic schwannoma by the presence of alanine in the former. It is concluded that MR imaging, when combined with in vivo MRS, may help to better characterize intracranial cystic mass lesions.

Brain↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of intracranial mass lesions with in vivo proton MR spectroscopy.

PURPOSE: To assess the use of in vivo proton MR spectroscopy for characterization of intracranial mass lesions and to ascertain its reliability in grading of gliomas. METHODS: One hundred twenty patients with intracranial masses were subjected to volume selective spectroscopy using stimulated echo acquisition mode (echo time, 20 and 270 milliseconds) and spin echo (echo time, 135 milliseconds) sequences. The intracranial lesions were grouped into intraaxial and extraaxial, as judged with MR imaging. Assignment of resonances was confirmed in two samples each of brain abscess, epidermoid cyst, and tuberculoma using ex vivo high-resolution MR spectroscopy. RESULTS: The in vivo spectra appeared distinct compared with normal brain in all the cases. All high-grade gliomas (n = 37) showed high choline and low or absent N-acetyl-L-aspartate and creatine along with lipid and/or lactate, whereas low-grade gliomas (n = 23) were characterized by low N-acetyl-aspartate and creatine and high choline and presence of only lactate. N-acetyl-aspartate/choline ratio was significantly lower and choline/creatine ratio was significantly higher in high-grade gliomas than in low-grade gliomas. Presence of lipids suggested a higher grade of malignancy. All metastases (n = 7) showed lipid and lactate, whereas choline was visible in only four cases. Epidermoids showed resonances from lactate and an unassigned resonance at 1.8 ppm. Meningiomas could be differentiated from schwannomas by the presence of alanine in the former. Among the infective masses, pyogenic abscesses (n = 6) showed resonances only from cytosolic amino acids, lactate, alanine, and acetate; and tuberculomas (n = 11) showed only lipid resonances. CONCLUSIONS: In vivo proton MR spectroscopy, helps in tissue characterization of intracranial mass lesions. Spectroscopy is a reliable technique for grading of gliomas when N-acetyl-aspartate/choline and choline/creatine ratios and presence of lipids are used in combination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Influence of dietary iron deficiency on nickel, lead and cadmium intoxication.

The influence of dietary iron deficiency on acute nickel, lead or cadmium toxicity as reflected by the induction of hepatic, renal, and intestinal metallothionein (MT), disposition of the metals and alterations in hematological parameters, was investigated in young rats to ascertain whether the toxic effects of these metals modify under anemic conditions. The administration of Cd induced hepatic, renal and intestinal MT while that of Ni or Pb induced hepatic MT only. While dietary Fe deficiency did not affect MT induction by Cd, it enhanced the synthesis of renal and intestinal MT by Ni and Pb. The accumulation of Pb in liver and kidney and that of Cd in liver only, were enhanced by Fe deficiency; the tissue deposition of Ni remained unaffected by Fe deficiency. The induction of hepatic MT by Ni, Pb or Cd appears to be related to the concomitant rise in the hepatic Zn, Ca and Fe levels in normal rats. However, dietary Fe deficiency increased the hepatic Zn in response to Ni or Cd and the hepatic Ca in response to Pb administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hemifacial spasm and cerebellopontine angle epidermoid: case report and review.

A case with hemifacial spasm with tinnitus due to right cerebellopontine angle epidermoid is reported. The tumour was supposed to have caused the displacement of the part of anterior inferior cerebellar artery in the vicinity of the root exit zone of the ipsilateral facial nerve. Near total removal of the tumour along with microvascular decompression was done and the patient was completely relieved of his symptoms. The incidence of hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle epidermoid is extremely low. The cause of such an association is discussed and relevant literature is reviewed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Tuberculous radiculomyelitis (arachnoiditis): myelographic (and CT myelographic) appearances.

Tuberculous radiculomyelitis (arachnoiditis) remains one of the important causes of paraplegia in India. The diagnosis usually rests on clinical history and examination, and on laboratory findings in the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF). Few descriptive reports are available of the myelographic appearance, with water-soluble contrast media, in tuberculous radioculomyelitis (arachnoiditis). A retrospective review of 21 myelograms and 10 computed tomographic (CT) myelograms, in 14 patients with tuberculous radiculomyelitis, was carried out, with a view to describing, in detail, the radiographic features. An attempt was made to assess the use of the radiologic procedures in diagnosis and follow up in these patients. Conventional myelographic findings included block (8/14), irregular subarachnoid space (9/14), filling defects (8/14), sluggish contrast flow (2/14), root thickening (3/14) and atrophic cord (2/14). Computed tomographic myelography showed reduced contrast density in portions of the opacified CSF ring around the cord in affected region (6/7) and, in addition, demonstrated septa and adhesions. Intravenous contrast CT was not found to be useful (2/2). Follow-up studies showed partial resolution (3/6), deterioration (1/6) and status quo of radiological findings (2/6). Although these changes can be seen in chronic radiculomyelitis (arachnoiditis) from other causes, such as leukaemic infiltration/lymphoma, other chronic central nervous system infections and iatrogenic causes, including repeated intrathecal injections, conventional myelography appeared to be useful for diagnosis and follow up in tuberculous radiculomyelitis (arachnoiditis).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Serum magnesium: a prognostic tool of acute myocardial infarction.

In an attempt to find the prognostic value of serum magnesium in various complications, serum magnesium was estimated spectrophotometrically, in patients of acute myocardial infarction. There was a statistically insignificant difference in serum magnesium levels of complicated group of patients (1.627 +/- 0.192 mg/100 mL) and those who had uneventful recovery (1.412 +/- 0.132 mg/100 mL). However, this difference was highly significant when compared between control group (2.514 +/- 0.16 mg/100 mL) and complicated and uncomplicated cases separately. It was also observed that serum magnesium levels were lowest in patients who died due to major arrhythmias and cardiogenic shock followed by patients who had arrhythmias (especially ventricular tachycardia) and pump failure. The routine use of iv magnesium is recommended within first few hours of acute myocardial infarction to reduce mortality, arrhythmias and pump failure.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗