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Biomedical subjects

V Jayanthi

Publications and source records attributed to V Jayanthi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Xanthelasma of esophagus and stomach.

Gastric xanthelasma, a benign condition, has been reported before; there has been no documentation of xanthelasma of the esophagus. We report a patient with xanthelasma of the stomach and esophagus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis: case report.

Hemangiomas of the liver are often incidental findings on routine abdominal ultrasonography. Majority are single and asymptomatic. We report a patient with diffuse hemangiomatosis of the liver who presented with thrombocytopenia and congestive cardiac failure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting the composition of gallstones by infrared spectroscopy.

AIM: To determine the composition of gallstones in South India by comparing visual assessment with graphic interpretation of infrared spectra. METHODS: Infrared spectroscopy (IRS) was used in qualitative analysis of 168 gallstones from Tamilnadu, Kerala and Karnataka and compared with visual interpretation. The spectrum of cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate and calcium carbonate for each stone was correlated with visual inspection. RESULTS: Fifty four percent of gallstones were of pigment variety, 43% were of mixed and the remaining 3% were cholesterol gallstones as categorised by visual interpretation. Based on infrared spectrocopic interpretation the percentages were 58%, 39% and 2% respectively. There was a good agreement between the visual inspection and IRS in classification of gallstones (Kappa value 85%; 95% CI 77-93%). CONCLUSION: Visual inspection of gallstones can predict the composition of gallstone with good accuracy and was comparable to infrared spectroscopic interpretation.

Bilirubin↗
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Surgical practice in symptomatic and asymptomatic gallstone disease.

AIMS: To determine the surgical practice in individuals with symptomatic and asymptomatic gallstone disease using a questionnaire survey. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 724 patients with gallstone disease. Details of symptoms, duration of illness, nature of treatment including surgery, color of gallstones retrieved and postoperative follow-up particulars were obtained. RESULTS: The study group included 225 (54%) men; there was a rising trend of prevalence of gallstones in men with increasing age (p<0.05). A third of the patients (142 [34%]) were symptomatic. The mean duration of symptoms was 12.1 months. One hundred and ninety seven patients (48%), including 90 asymptomatic ones, underwent cholecystectomy. Most patients (92.5% of those symptomatic and 76.6% of those asymptomatic) underwent cholecystectomy within one year of diagnosis. Eight asymptomatic patients underwent surgery 3 years or more after diagnosis. The predominant color of stones retrieved was black or brown (57%) or mixed (39%). CONCLUSIONS: A majority of patients with gallstone disease had cholecystectomy within one year of diagnosis. Black or brown pigment stones were the dominant types of gallstones.

Bile Pigments↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duodenal amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis of the gastrointestinal tract is often asymptomatic. We report a 65-year-old man who presented with anorexia, dyspepsia and vomiting. Endoscopy showed nodular duodenal mucosa, which on histology showed amyloidosis. The patient died two weeks later.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acquired volvulus following Nissen fundoplication.

Nissen fundoplication is the procedure of choice for the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. We report a case of acquired gastric volvulus following open fundoplication. The mechanism of formation and correction of the volvulus is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for esophageal cancer in Coimbatore, southern India: a hospital-based case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Cancer of the esophagus is common in India. The risk factors predisposing to cancer in southern Indian patients are not known. AIM: To determine the role of smoking, alcohol and their combination, and diet factors in the etiology of cancer of the esophagus. METHODS: Risk factors like alcohol consumption, smoking, tobacco chewing, and pre-illness diet details in 90 patients with cancer of the esophagus were compared with those in age- and sex-matched control subjects. RESULTS: The risk for esophageal cancer was 3.5 times higher with alcohol consumption, 2.5 times higher for tobacco users, and 2.8 times higher each for betel nut chewers and smokers. The calculated odds ratio for the social habits and diet factors was significant amongst cases of cancer esophagus. CONCLUSION: Alcoholism, smoking, and chewing of tobacco are factors predisposing to esophageal cancer in southern India.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dietary factors in pathogenesis of gallstone disease in southern India--a hospital-based case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Pigment or mixed gallstones are common in southern India. The etiology is not established. Known risk factors include an obese, diabetic female and a nonsmoker male. AIM: To determine the association of dietary factors with mixed/pigment gallstones amongst southern Indian patients. METHODS: Diet details were obtained from 346 patients (178 women) with gallstones and an equal number of healthy controls who were age- and sex-matched attendants of the patients, sharing similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, with normal abdominal ultrasonogram. Data recorded included the number of daily meals, nature of cereal used, vegetarianism, oil consumed per month, sugar consumption per day, tamarind (Garcinia camborginia ) usage per week, and per-day beverage consumption. RESULTS: There was no difference between cases and controls in consumption of non-vegetarian food, type of cereal, average oil and sugar consumption, and type of beverage consumed (tea/coffee/milk/combination). Individuals with BMI> 22 were at higher risk to develop gallstones (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.09, 2.04; p=0.01). There was significant risk of gallstone formation with the use of tamarind when consumed > 3 times a week (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.05, 2.96; p=0.03). Higher BMI and tamarind use were significant risk factors even on multivariate logistic regression analysis (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Higher BMI and use of tamarind, a common ingredient of diet in southern India, are risk factors in the formation of gallstones in southern India.

Body Mass Index↗
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Regional differences in constituents of gall stones.

The pathogenesis of pigment and mixed gall stone formation remains elusive. The elemental constituents of gall stones from southern states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka have been characterized. Our aim was to determine the elemental concentration of representative samples of pigment, mixed and cholesterol gall stones from Andhra Pradesh using proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) using a 3 MV horizontal pelletron accelerator. Pigment gall stones had significantly high concentrations of copper, iron and lead; chromium was absent. Except for iron all these elements were significantly low in cholesterol gall stones and intermediate levels were seen in mixed gall stones. Highest concentrations of chromium was seen in cholesterol and titanium in mixed gall stones respectively; latter similar to other southern states. Arsenic was distinctly absent in cholesterol and mixed gall stones. The study has identified differences in elemental components of the gall stones from Andhra Pradesh.

Cholesterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dorsal cavoatrial bypass graft for coarctation of inferior vena cava-trial of aortic occlusion technique.

Male aged 28, presented with coarctation of inferior vena cava (IVC) causing chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome (CBCS). The coarcted IVC was exposed by transthoracic, transdiaphragmatic, retroperitoneal approach. There was no evidence of inflammation or compression. Venotomy was done immediately below the coarctation after clamping the descending aorta above the diaphragm. Distal IVC was occluded with a Fogarty balloon catheter passed through the venotomy. There was no flow through hepatic veins. But a dry field was not obtained because of bleeding from the systemic collaterals draining into IVC above the venotomy. Hence the veno-tomy was sutured. Dorsal cavoatrial bypass (DCAB) was done anastomosing the graft, end to side of IVC at a lower level, after partial clamping of IVC. Cross clamping the descending aorta appears to be a useful technique for surgery of retrohepatic IVC to arrest blood flow from distal IVC and hepatic veins.

Adult↗