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Biomedical subjects

V Insler

Publications and source records attributed to V Insler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Electrical accidents during pregnancy.

Electrical accidents during pregnancy are relatively infrequent, and reports are rare. Six pregnant women who suffered an electrical injury during pregnancy are presented here. For all, the current path through the body was from hand to foot. Changes that occurred in fetal movements and development as well as the outcome of the pregnancies, are presented. After delivery, the placenta and cord were carefully examined in all cases. From an analysis of the published cases and the present findings, it seems that there are no specific clinical and pathological signs of fetoplacental damage. Medical examination, shortly after the accident, may reveal a dead fetus. However, when it is found alive, oligohydramnios or growth retardation may develop later, and a close follow-up seems advisable. Pregnant women should be warned to notify their attending physician in all cases of electrical shock, no matter how apparently minor.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Reactivation of cytomegalovirus in endometrial cells by estradiol.

The present study uses an in vitro model to test the influence of hormones on the replication and reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in endometrial tissue culture. Infection of epithelial cells of the endometrium with CMV in the presence of a high concentration of estradiol resulted in only a slightly higher yield of infectious virus. Progesterone did not cause any effect on viral replication. Arrest of CMV replication was achieved by reduction of the pH of the incubation medium. No infectious virus was detectable after incubation of infected cultures at pH 5.8. In the above-described conditions following the arrest of CMV replication by low pH, estradiol treatment was capable of reactivating the virus. The possibility that the increase in CMV infection observed in pregnancy is caused by reactivation of latent virus provoked by hormonal factors will be discussed.

Cytomegalovirus↗
PubMed1986

An examination of the relationship between fetal movements and infant motor activity.

Fifty-one patients recorded fetal movement counts for several weeks, 29 while hospitalized for complications of pregnancy (group 1) and 22 with normal pregnancies and ambulant (group 2). The motor activity of group 1 neonates was examined 24-72 hours following delivery, using a partial Brazelton neonatal assessment scale. Group 2 infants were examined at age 10-12 months, using a method specially designed for this study to assess motor activity. No significant correlation was found between the mean number of fetal movements and the motor activity of neonates, versus those of one-year-old infants. These findings suggest that fetal movements are most probably influenced by numerous factors differing from those influencing the motor activity of the neonate and infant.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1986

Prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal thoracic and intrathoracic abnormalities.

Seventeen cases of different types of fetal thoracic and intrathoracic abnormalities were diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound: nonimmune hydrops (5 cases), diaphragmatic hernia (3), Potter's syndrome (3), chylothorax (1), exstrophy of the cloaca (1), the extreme form of prune-belly syndrome (2), cystic hygroma (1) and short rib polydactyly syndrome (Majevski type) (1 case). The ultrasonic features of nonimmune hydrops, diaphragmatic hernia, Potter's syndrome and cystic hygroma are well recognized by most experienced sonographers. The ultrasonic prenatal diagnosis of exstrophy of the cloaca, a very rare entity, has not been reported previously. The condition consists of a large infraumbilical anterior abdominal wall defect, lumbosacral myelomeningocele, and fetal ascites. The extreme form of prune-belly syndrome is associated with the absence of the abdominal wall musculature and marked dilatation of the urinary tract, presented ultrasonically as multiple large cysts occupying the distended fetal abdominal cavity. In exstrophy of the cloaca, prune-belly syndrome, Potter's syndrome and short rib polydactyly syndrome the chest abnormality is similar-extreme shortening of the thoracic cage, which has various causes. The differential diagnosis of all these entities and guidelines for their correct prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis are presented.

Diaphragmatic Eventration↗
PubMed1986

Complications associated with the macrosomic fetus.

A retrospective study was done on 525 infants who weighed more than 4,500 g. The rates of grand multiparity, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy-induced hypertension, deliveries in women over 35 years of age, placenta previa and weight gain of more than 15 kg were higher than in a control group weighing 2,500-4,000 g. The rates of delivery with instruments and cesarean section were also significantly higher. The main indication for cesarean section in the study group was cephalopelvic disproportion, while in the control group it was repeat cesarean section. Rates of postpartum hemorrhage, shoulder dystocia, oxytocin augmentation of labor and tears in the birth canal far exceeded those in the control group. Maternal and fetal morbidity and perinatal mortality were significantly higher than in the control group. The complications were due to a difficult second stage of labor. Delivery of the macrosomic fetus by cesarean section is highly recommended except for the subgroup of women who already delivered a macrosomic child.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Serum IgG and IgA antibodies specific for Chlamydia trachomatis in salpingitis patients as determined by the immunoperoxidase assay.

The feasibility of applying elevated Chlamydia trachomatis specific IgG antibody and serum IgA antibodies as a non-invasive screening test for C. trachomatis associated salpingitis was analysed in 54 salpingitis patients and 294 apparently healthy women by the single antigen (L2) immunoperoxidase assay (IPA). The prevalence rate of C. trachomatis IgG antibody (titre greater than or equal to 64) was significantly higher in the salpingitis patients in comparison to control (67% versus 23%). The prevalence rate of elevated C. trachomatis IgG titres (greater than or equal to 128, greater than or equal to 256 and greater than or equal to 512) was significantly higher in the salpingitis patients as compared to the controls. For example, at an IgG titre of greater than or equal to 128 the prevalence rate was 57% in the salpingitis patients and 8% in the healthy controls (p less than 0.0001). The prevalence of C. trachomatis IgA antibodies (titre greater than or equal to 16) was significantly higher in salpingitis patients in comparison to controls (37% versus 4%). The prevalence of elevated IgA titres (greater than or equal to 32 and greater than or equal to 64) was found to be significantly higher in salpingitis patients as compared to controls. All the IgG seropositive salpingitis patients were also found to have C. trachomatis IgG antibodies. It appears that testing for IgG antibodies at a serum dilution of 1:128, and for IgA antibodies at a dilution of 1:16 by the IPA test comprises the best combination for the differentiation between the salpingitis patients and apparently healthy controls, and it is suggested that this be used as a marker of active C. trachomatis infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The ultrasound score and fetal heart-rate pattern as predictor of fetal outcome.

Over a period of one year 312 high-risk patients (HRP) were prospectively monitored using ultrasound score (USS), nonstress test (NST) and contraction stress test (CST). There were nine cases with low USS, seven of them had reactive NSTs, were delivered vaginally without any evidence of distress in labour and had normal Apgar scores with no perinatal morbidity. In the remaining two cases the NST was nonreactive and they were delivered by cesarean section because of fetal distress. The NST was not reactive in 18 patients, eight of them subsequently had abnormal CST and displayed fetal distress during labour. The USS was high in 16 cases. The results of this study seems to indicate that in cases with nonreactive NST, CST is a better predictor of fetal outcome than the ultrasound score.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Fetal malformations associated with breech delivery. Implications for obstetric management.

Among 1,411 breech deliveries at the Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, there were 116 cases of congenital anomalies (8.2 %). Forty-nine fetuses (3.47%) exhibited major congenital anomalies and 67 (4.7%), minor ones. The incidence of chromosomal anomalies was 0.63% (1 per 159 births) as compared with 0.25% in the general population. The frequency distribution indicated that most of the fetuses with congenital abnormalities weighed 2,000 gm or more. In view of the high incidence of chromosomal aberrations and major congenital anomalies among fetuses with breech presentation, it seems desirable to consider ultrasonographic assessment and chromosomal analysis during the last trimester of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Fetal heart rate tracings in fetuses with congenital malformations.

The fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings of 73 fetuses with gross congenital malformations were surveyed. Fifty-four percent of the tracings were pathologic. The most common pathologic tracing patterns were baseline bradycardia (30%), variable decelerations (25%), baseline tachycardia (22.5%) and decreased variability (20%). There was no characteristic tracing pattern for the whole group or any specific subgroup of malformations. The highest rates of pathologic FHR tracings were found in the groups with multiple malformations (83.3%), chromosomal aberrations (81.8%) and central nervous system lesions (71.4%). Twenty-three infants died neonatally, and 73.9% of them had pathologic FHR tracings. The rate of cesarean section was significantly higher in the group of malformed fetuses--17.8% as compared to 9.5% in the control group. Five of 13 malformed infants delivered by cesarean section died after delivery. Low birth weight and prematurity were more common in the group of malformed fetuses than in the control group. The fact that pathologic FHR tracing patterns occur both in the presence of a malformed fetus and as a result of fetal distress should suggest an early diagnosis of fetal malformation in order to avoid unnecessary obstetric interventions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antigenicity of sperm cells after freezing and thawing.

Freezing and thawing is thought to result in removal of spermatozoal membrane antigens. We investigated the presence of sperm antigens before and after freezing and thawing by means of the immunoperoxidase assay (IPAMA), sperm immobilization test (SIT), and separation of proteins by gel electrophoresis. The results of the IPAMA and SIT assays showed no difference in the membrane antigens before and after freezing and thawing. Analysis of surface proteins by gel electrophoresis demonstrated that freezing and thawing did not remove any particular group of proteins from the surface membrane of spermatozoa. According to the evidence of the three tests performed, there is no meaningful removal of antigens from the sperm cell surface membrane by the process of freezing, preservation, and thawing when carried out by the specific methods used. This work does not support the suggestion that in cases of immunologic incompatibility between spermatozoa and cervical mucus it would be possible to overcome the couple's infertility by employing the process of freezing, preservation, and thawing.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1984

Infection of endometrial cells with human cytomegalovirus.

In order to understand the mechanism of congenital human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection we studied the effect of CMV on epithelial cell culture of the endometrium. Endometrial cells proved to be sensitive to CMV as indicated by morphologic alterations, success to support growth of infectious virus and positive immunoperoxidase staining. The infected cells were enlarged, multinuclear and revealed intranuclear inclusions. Electron microscopy detected the presence of the viral particles in the CMV-infected endometrial cells. The possibility that CMV infection of the endometrial cells may play a role in transmitting the virus to the embryo will be discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

The cervical factor of infertility and intrauterine insemination.

Results with intrauterine insemination in 25 couples are presented. The indication for this procedure was a cervical factor of infertility. After an extensive fertility survey in both partners, intrauterine insemination was performed four to seven times per cycle with up to 0.8 ml fresh semen per insemination. Only the first ejaculatory spurt was used. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to all female partners during the insemination period. Within a mean of 6 months 13 couples reported pregnancies (52%). Except for one midtrimester abortion that was probably due to obstetrical reasons, the abortion rate was 33.3%. There were no side effects related to the insemination procedure. Our data indicate that, with appropriate safeguards, intrauterine insemination should be regarded as a safe and effective method for the treatment of the cervical factor of infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ethical dilemma of late pregnancy termination in cases of gross fetal malformations.

Modern diagnostic methods reveal an increased number of cases of gross fetal malformations, and physicians are faced with serious ethical considerations. The disclosure of data during conversations with the parents, the decision-making process and the different courses of action are discussed. Cases with defined diagnoses may be divided into three different clinical situations: 1) a malformation incompatible with extrauterine life; 2) increasing organ damage caused by a fetal defect; and 3) a severely handicapped fetus capable of short- or long-term survival. The recent concept of fetal abuse is emphasized. When pregnancy is allowed to continue to term in these cases, psychological and social aspects must be taken into consideration. Medical assessment, ethicolegal norms, and religious beliefs of parents and physicians should guide the course of action. We believe that the medical team should perform late termination of pregnancy when justified and approved by a court or a statutory committee.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Artificial hydramnion. A simple method of verifying premature rupture of the membranes.

Accurate diagnosis of premature rupture of the membranes is of paramount importance for proper treatment. Currently available methods of diagnosing this complication of pregnancy are not satisfactory. A new, simple, noninvasive method occludes the amniotic outflow with a cervical cap on the external cervical os, permitting the formation of an artificial hydramnion. Observation of this hydramnion formation using ultrasonography and the release of accumulated amniotic fluid after removal of the cap are strong evidence of the existence of premature rupture of the membranes. We used this method in 17 cases.

Adult↗