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Biomedical subjects

V H Talib

Publications and source records attributed to V H Talib.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Screening for HIV seropositive blood - a critical evaluation.

HIV screening of all donated blood is mandatory in India. The program instituted has many inherent lacunac like arbitrary identification of centres, absence of a guardian quality control program, criterion for test kit selection and absence of standard guidelines. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of frequent change of testing laboratory, change of testing staff, change of reagent kits and time of blood donation. All the donations at blood bank Safdarjang Hospital, during the year 1993, were taken for study. HBsAg and VDRL positivity were used as control/check value for similarity of donor population. Tests done during this period in three different laboratories show that the change of laboratory, change of reagent kit and the experience and training of the testing laboratory staff affect the test results, causing an increase in the number of false positive tests. This leads to destruction of donated blood which would have been otherwise fit for transfusion. It is suggested that a proper policy plan may be made and implemented in order to make the blood screening more effective.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of two techniques (RPHA and latex agglutination) for use as a screening tool for HBsAg.

RPHA and latex agglutination are two cost effective techniques available for HBsAg screening in our country. Most of the blood banks and other clinical laboratories use RPHA technique or latex agglutination test for screening of donors or patients positive for Hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg). All the reagent kits available in the Indian market do not give the ranges of specificity, sensitivity and predictive values for the particular test. Also no data is available if they were tested on Asian sera. Therefore it was decided to evaluated the two most often used techniques RPHA and latex agglutination for their sensitivities and efficacy as a screening test. Our results indicate that though RPHA may be used in a diagnostic set up, it is a poor screening tool as it gives a fairly large number of false negatives and has a low sensitivity. Latex agglutination on the other hand, does not give any false negative results and is recommended for preliminary screening, wherever cost is a constraint. The sera with positive results should be subsequently tested by EIA to rule out the false positive results.

Hemagglutination Tests↗
PubMed1993

Aspiration cytology of maxillary myxoma.

Fine-needle aspiration was used to diagnose a case of maxillary myxoma. Abundant mucoid material was obtained. Microscopic examination showed three-dimensional fibrillary myxoid fragments entangling spindle-shaped, stellate, and fusiform cells with round to oval monomorphic nuclei. A striking feature was delicately branching capillaries. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed on histology and histochemistry.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Diagnostic value of maternal serum alpha fetoprotein for predicting pregnancy outcome in high risk pregnancies: an epidemiological perspective.

This study was conducted on high risk pregnancies, between 6-40 weeks of gestation, to evaluate the difference in maternal serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) levels in normal and abnormal pregnancies. It's predictive value for pregnancy outcome was calculated. Age and parity matched, normal pregnant women with normal pregnancy outcome were taken as controls. It was determined that the overall sensitivity (75.6%) and specificity (83.7%) was not very good for diagnostic purposes. On the contrary in patients with neural tube defects, congenital anomalies, early pregnancy complications leading to fetal death, still birth, neonatal deaths, Rh incompatibility and preterm deliveries the specificity was (96%-100%), due to very few false positives but sensitivity was comparatively low (75%-89%) due to many false negatives. As a result the predictive value of a negative test in these conditions was very high (80%-100%), though that of a positive test was comparatively low (60%-89%). This establishes a diagnostic value of MSAFP, especially in high risk pregnancies as opposed to its use as a screening test for all pregnancies. This is of special value for a poor country like India, where it is not possible to screen total pregnant population due to economic and logistic reasons.

Adolescent↗