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V H Talib

Publications and source records attributed to V H Talib.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Congenital sulfhemoglobin and transient methemoglobinemia secondary to diarrhoea.

Sulfhemoglobinemia and Methemoglobinemia are common causes of cyanosis arising due to accumulation of abnormal heme pigment. We present an unusual case of congenital sulfhemoglobinemia along with diarrhoea induced methemo-globinemia in a neonate. A high index of suspicion and a proper diagnostic approach is needed to determine the true frequency of their occurrence together.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1996

Immunity in malaria.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Elliptocytosis, Hereditary↗
PubMed1996

Malaria vaccine.

Recently it has become evident that he same candidate antigen can be shared by several of the parasite stages, and thus the concept of a multistage vaccine is becoming more and more attractive. A TDR Task Force evaluated the promise and stage of development of some 20 existing asexual blood stage candidate antigens and prepared a strategy for their development leading to clinical testing and field trials, Amongst these are merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1), Serine Rich Antigen (SERA), Apical Membrane Antigen (AMA-1), and Erythrocyte Binding Antigen (EBA). A field study conducted in Tanzanian children showed that the SPf66 Colombian vaccine was safe, induced antibodies, and reduced the risk of developing clinical malaria by around 30%. This study, confirmed the potential of the vaccine to confer partial protection in areas of high as well as low intensity of transmission. Pfs25 is a leading candidate antigen for a transmission blocking vaccine. It is found in the ookinete stage of the parasite in the mosquito midgut. Gramme amounts of GMP-grade material have been produced and a vaccine based on the Pfs25 antigen formulated with alum should have gone into phase I and II clinical trials in the USA and Africa during 1995. Because the first malaria prototype vaccine to be tried out in people on a large scale has been the polymerized synthetic peptide developed by patarroye on the basis of the SPf66 antigen of P. faliciparum, the results are with much interest. It is still premature to predict the effectiveness of this vaccine globally, but its development will encourage further progress in a fields that has repeatedly been characterized by raised and then dashed drops. These various vaccines are based on the classical approach to vaccination, which is to raise host immunity against the parasite so as to reduce parasite densities or to sterilize an infection. A newer approach is development of antidisease vaccines which aim to alleviate morbidity by suppressing immunopathology in the host. Antidisease vaccines are based on neutralizing parasite components that induce host pathology, leaving the parasite itself directly unaffected. These effects would occur when each type of the disease is considered by it self; however, synergistic effects may be expected when they are used in combination. The rational for vaccines based on any of these stages was that immunization of various hosts with whole parasites of each of these stages has been able to induce protection or total transmission-blocking immunity. Less significant but not to be discounted is the fact that natural malaria infections in humans have been shown to induce immunity against every one of these parasite stages against which vaccines are being developed, an exception to this are those stages that are present only in the mosquito vector with component molecules not presented to the human host, such as exclusively ookinete antigens. For several very apparent reasons a vaccine today is conceived of as subnit as opposed to show1 parasite vaccines, either in the form of a recombinant product or as synthetic peptide constructs. Genes coding for several antigens of P. falciparum and some of P. vivax have been seems to be common to many Plasmodium antigens; this is that they contain tandem repeats of oligopeptide sequences which often code for immunodominant epitopes. Following several decades of research on malaria vaccine development, the field at a glace may present a conflicting picture, with several achievements, and some disappointments and controversies. Issues facing the development of a malaria vaccine are complex. It is not clear how far we may yet be from achieving this goal. The work of the past decades has laid an extensive foundation of ralevant knowledge and technologies, and the goal it self remains as important as ever, will scientists remain committed to this objective?

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Hemostatic profile in nephrotic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the coagulation profile and its relation to steroid therapy, and the frequency of thromboembolic complications and its correlation with coagulation parameters in nephrotic syndrome (NS). SETTING: Hospital based. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty children with NS were subdivided into four groups, namely, fresh cases, steroid dependent, remission after therapy and steroid resistant. An equal number of age and sex matched children served as controls. In all the study and control subjects, detailed clinical examination, liver function tests, renal function tests and detailed coagulation profile were done. Evaluation of renal veins and inferior vena cava for the presence of thrombosis was also done by abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Thrombocytosis was detected in 57.5% and the degree of thrombocytosis was directly related to the amount of proteinuria. The mean prothrombin and thrombin times were within normal range in the study children. The activated partial thromboplastine time (APTT) was prolonged in six cases (15%) and three out of these six children had thromboembolic complications. Antithrombin-III level was significantly lower (p < 0.001) whereas protein C and S were significantly elevated (p < 0.001) as compared to controls. The levels became normal with remission of the disease. Steroid therapy significantly increased the levels of proteins C, protein S. AT-III and fibrinogen as compared to controls. Thromboembolic complications were seen in 3 cases (7.6%) and were associated with very low levels of AT-III and protein C and all three had serum albumin below 2 g/dl. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of coagulation profile in nephrotic syndrome is highlighted and a high index of suspicion for thromboembolic complications is warranted in patients with thrombocytosis, hyper fibrinogenemia, prolonged APTT and in children with low levels of AT-III, protein C and protein S.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1995

Pregnancy induced hypertension and antithrombin-III.

This study was undertaken to determine the coagulation profile of women with pregnancy induced hypertension and to evaluate the changes in the level of AT-III in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and its correlation with severity of disease in order to evaluate if it can be used as a marker for severity of PIH. 119 women with PIH in the third trimester of pregnancy constituted the study group. Age and parity matched 25 normal pregnant and 25 non-pregnant women were taken as control group. No significant difference between the coagulation profile of non-pregnant and normal pregnant women was seen. There is evidence of consumption coagulopathy in PIH patients and AT-III activity shows a gradual and almost linear reduction in various groups ranging from normal pregnant women to eclampsia. Reduction in AT-III activity has positive correlation with PIH and it can be a useful marker for severity of PIH.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1995

Pregnancy associated anemia and iron: a pilot study.

Iron deficiency occurs when the rate of loss of utilization exceeds its assimilation. Treatment is based on iron supplementation but due to side effects compliance to iron therapy is poor. A double blind comparative study was done using a novel time release preparation of ferrous sulphate (Code A) v.s. sustained release ferrous sulphate preparation (Code B) on 60 pregnant women in mid or late pregnancy with anaemia. The amount of ferrous sulphate in Code A was less than half of Code B. The patients were sequentially randomised as Code A or Code B recipient. The non compliance rate was 33%, and for both Code A & Code B. The mean improvement in hemoglobin after 4 weeks of therapy was 2.01 gm% for Code A and 2.3 gm% for Code B. Iron absorption as evidenced by improvement in S. Iron, TIBC and ferritin levels was better with Code A. The improvement in subjective symptoms of anaemia was better than average in Code B preparation. Code A group had comparatively more side effects both major and minor, this may have been the reason for a slightly higher drop out rate in this group. In conclusion the timed release preparation has a comparable haematological response and better absorption with significantly lower doses as compared to the sustained release preparation.

Adult↗