[Effect of thymalin on the course of suppurative peritonitis in children].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V G Morozov.
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It was established that the use of thymalin in multimodality therapy of CHD patients suffering from attacks of angina pectoris of effort and at rest brought back to normal the state of cellular and humoral immunity, slowed down blood coagulation, decreased fibrinogen and FDP concentration, enhanced total euglobulin and Hageman-dependent fibrinolysis. A more rapid disappearance of the pain syndrome was noted in these patients as compared to those who had not received the drug.
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The authors describe 6 cases of Fournier gangrene. Early necrectomy and intensive conservative therapy should be used as the main method of treatment. Perfect recovery after extended defects of the skin was observed only following successful skin-plastic operations. Two patients died.
Results of the investigation of parameters of cell and humoral immunity and coagulogram in 63 patients with acute peritonitis have shown that thymalin when used solely or in combination with heparin facilitates quicker arrest of the pathological process, its clinical and laboratory symptoms. The combination of thymalin and heparin is indicated to elderly patients and in cases with higher risk of thromboformation.
The effect of levamisole as well as thymic (thymalin and bone marrow (hemalin) immunomodulators on the immunogenesis organs in practically healthy animals were studied. The comparison of multiple parameters of morphological changes developing in the immunocompetent organs under the influence of immunomodulators was performed by means of so called "similarity ratio". Morphological changes in the central organs of immunogenesis were more severe after the administration of hemalin than after levamisole. The influence of immunomodulators on the peripheral organs of immunogenesis were more uniform. The results obtained in the experiments on healthy animals may serve the basis for a further morphological analysis of the immunomodulators effects under the conditions of the immune homeostasis disturbance.
The specificity of antisera, obtained by the immunization of rabbits with the conjugated antigenic preparations of the thymic factor, have been evaluated by the method of immunochemical analysis. To carry out the comparative study, polypeptides isolated from the pineal body, cortex and white matter of the brain, Thy-1 antigen from the cerebral cortex and insulin have been used. The polypeptides of the thymus and the brain have been found to differ in their amino acid composition and molecular weight. The thymic factor possesses specific antigenic determinants which are absent in the tested preparations of cerebral polypeptides and insulin. The rabbit antisera obtained in this investigation are highly specific and can be used for the immunochemical determination of the thymic factor in the blood and other biological fluids.
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The effects of thymus ablation and injection of thymalin on the blood plasma kallikrein-kinin system were studied. Thymus ablation was followed by activation of kinin formation, evidenced by an elevation of the total kallikrein activity and drop of the kininogen level. Injection of thymalin into thymectomized animals makes the characteristics under study return to normal.
Study of the effect of the polypeptide thymic factor (thymalin) and the polypeptide bone marrow factor (hemalin) on the morphofunctional status of the thymus in guinea-pigs has shown that injection of thymalin into animals increases the count of small lymphocytes whereas injection of hemalin the count of medium-sized lymphocytes and lymphoblasts. Injection of thymalin magnifies the size of the nuclei of the reticuloendothelial cells.
The results of a clinico-immunologic study of thymalin as a component of complex antitumor treatment of 21 cases of cancer of corpus uteri pointed to a pronounced immunomodulating action of the drug on T-cell-mediated immunity. It was inferred that thymalin should be used for immunocorrection in complex treatment for the said neoplasms provided T-cell-mediated immunity is monitored.
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