Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V Briese.
Studies were conducted into the effects of pure sound and street noise on ontogenesis of mouse. The biometric variables of newborn animals were decreased with significance. Dwarfism, haematomas, resorption, and skeletal malformations were also recorded. Possible mechanisms of action are discussed.
Secretory IgA (S-IgA) was quantitatively determined by means of single radial immuno-diffusion from 24-hour urine samples taken from 71 women in the eighth of 42nd weeks of pregnancy or between and fourth and tenth days puerperium. S-IgA values recorded from patients with urinary tract infection were increased with significance.
BACKGROUND: To study the storage of sialic acid in newborns reference concentrations for sialic acid were measured in maternal, retroplacental and cord blood and compared with the concentration of human placental lactogen (hPL) and estriol (E3). High serum concentrations of hPL and E3 in retroplacental blood indicate the synthesis of these products in the fetoplacental unit. The comparison of the serum concentrations give first informations for a possible role of the placenta as a place of production and storage of the investigated products. METHODS: The concentrations of sialic acid, hPL and unconjugated E3 were determined in maternal and retroplacental blood samples of 126 pregnant women (16-42 years old) between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation. 84 of these pregnant women had uncomplicated pregnancy with birth after 37 gestational weeks. Measurements of E3 and hPL were performed by solid phase radioimmunoassays. Concentrations of sialic acid were determined by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). RESULTS: Means and medians of the three parameters for both groups differentiate hardly. The retroplacental serum concentrations of hPL and E3 are increased significantly compared with maternal blood. The same trend was found for sialic acid without significance. The highest concentrations of E3 were found in the cord blood (298.2 +/- 138.0 ng/ml) (p < 0.01). On the other hand the lowest concentrations of sialic acid (36.1 +/- 19.6 mg/l) (p < 0.01) were estimated in cord blood samples. It was estimated a significant correlation between fetal and retroplacental concentrations of E3. Significant correlations (p < 0.01) were found for sialic acid between maternal and retroplacental blood on the one side and maternal and the cord blood on the other side. Significant increased mean sialic acid concentrations in retroplacental blood (x = 102.67 mg/l) were found in female newborns in comparison with male newborns (x = 80.58 mg/l). There were not significant differences between prematurity and term delivery. CONCLUSION: Increased sialic acid concentrations in retroplacental blood samples are a sign of sialic acid accumulation in the fetomaternal area aiming to induce the tolerance of fetal allotransplantat. There are no evidence for a take up of free sialic acid by fetus.
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The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (or, more precisely, epitope; Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-) has been known for a long time as a pancarcinoma antigen. Here we report the immunohistochemical identification of this carbohydrate antigen in the human placenta. Paraffin-embedded placental and decidual tissues of the first, second and third trimester were incubated with different monoclonal antibodies (A78-G/A7 and HH8) directed against the TF-epitope and stained with an immunohistochemistry system. We found a strong expression of the TF-epitope in the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, we identified an expression of the TF-antigen in the second trimester of pregnancy but only in a few cases a positive staining in the third trimester of pregnancy.
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the tissue distribution of CA-125 in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Endometrial tissue was obtained from women in proliferative (n = 5), early secretory (ES; n = 4) and late secretory (LS; n = 4) phase as well as glandular-cystic hyperplasia (n = 5), endometrial polyps (n = 5), endometrial polyps caused by tamoxifen use (n = 5), adenomatous hyperplasia (AH) grade I (n = 5), grade II (n = 4), grade III (n = 5) and endometroid adenocarcinoma (n = 5). The CA-125 expression was evaluated with the semiquantitative IRS-Score. RESULTS: CA-125 expression was observed in glandular and luminal epithelial cells, being significantly higher during LS than ES. The highest CA-125 reaction was observed in AH III in glandular and luminal cells, which was statistically higher compared to all groups (except glandular cells: proliferative and LS; luminal cells: AH I-II, glandular-cystic polyps). DISCUSSION: CA-125 was expressed in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrial tissue with a cyclical expression in premenopausal endometrial glandular cells. Adenocarcinoma expressed CA-125 with a lower intensity. The highest expression was observed in AH III in luminal and glandular cells, therefore CA-125 could be a marker of malignant cell transformation.
INTRODUCTION: Phytoestrogens are a diverse group of nonsteroidal plant compounds that occur naturally in many plants. Because they possess a ring system similar to estrogens they are able to bind to estrogen receptors in humans. With this study we tested the effects of the phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein in cell proliferation and the production of progesterone and hCG in trophoblast tumour cells of the cell lines BeWo and Jeg3. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein were incubated in different concentrations with trophoblast tumour cells. Untreated cells were used as controls. At designated times, aliquots were removed and tested for progesterone and hCG. In addition we tested the effects of phytoestrogens on cell proliferation. Different concentrations of genistein and daidzein were cultivated with trophoblast tumour cells. After designated times, 1 microCi thymidin-(methyl-3H) was added. Methyl-3H thymidin incorporation was tested and compared to incorporation results of untreated cells. RESULTS: With this study we could show that the production of the steroid hormone progesterone and the protein hormone hCG is influenced by the phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein in trophoblast tumour cells of the cell lines BeWo and Jeg3. We found a correlation between the effects on the proliferation and the production of progesterone and hCG at high concentrations of genistein and daidzein in the cell lines tested. With low concentrations of genistein and daidzein we observed a stimulation of the production of hCG and a weak inhibition of proliferation in both cell lines BeWo and Jeg3. DISCUSSION: The results obtained with this study suggest that only high doses of phytoestrogens (> 1 mumol/ml) can reduce the proliferation of trophoblast tumour cells significantly. Low doses of phytoestrogens induced a higher hCG production in both cell lines tested. Although high hCG production did not lead to a higher proliferation rate of the tumour cells tested, hCG is able to induce neovascularisation in tumour cells. In summary, with this in vitro study we showed that high doses of phytoestrogens inhibit proliferation and progesterone production in trophoblast tumour cells. High doses of phytoestrogens could be useful candidates for special diet programs for prevention and surgery for patients with this type of disease. In addition we found a useful cell culture model for the testing of new types of phytoestrogens.
INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were an evaluation of the distribution patterns of steroid hormone receptors (ER, PR) and glycodelin A (GdA) expression of proliferative endometrial glandular cells after stimulation with tamoxifen (TAM) and phytoestrogens (PE) (genistein, daidzein). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human endometrium was obtained from 4 premenopausal women. Glands were stimulated after isolation with single doses of TAM, genistein and daizein (0.1, 1 and 10 mumol/l) and characterised with ER, PR and GdA after 9 days of culture. RESULTS: ER showed a significant decline with the highest TAM and genistein concentration (p < 0.05), whereas PR increased significantly with TAM and genistein concentrations of 1 mumol/l and 10 mumol/l (p < 0.05). GdA did not show any significant expression under TAM and genistein stimulation. Stimulation with daidzein resulted in no statistically relevant alterations in ER, whereas the PR significantly increased with all three concentrations (p < 0.05) and GdA also showed a significant increase with 1 mumol/l (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: TAM showed anti-estrogenic properties in premenopausal endometrium. PE showed a similar ER, PR expression pattern as TAM, so therefore PE (genistein and daidzein) could also act as antiestrogens. GdA marked a cell transformation from proliferative to secretory status or the antiestrogen effects of TAM and PE.
BACKGROUND: Primary melanoma of the female genital system are extremely rare (2-3%). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of patients with primary melanoma of the female genital system treated from 1990-2003 at Rostock University Hospital, Germany. Different treatments (sentinel node biopsy, inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy, en bloc resection, adjuvant Interferon-alpha-therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy) are discussed. The complicated classification is reduced to a clinical path for daily use (UICC stage and invasion depth of Breslow, Clark's level and Chung's level). RESULTS: We report on 10 patients, aged 26 to 76 years, with primary melanoma of the female genital tract. Seven women developed a vulvar melanoma and one woman a malignant melanoma of the cutaneous inguinal region, while another 2 women had an unusual primary location of the malignant melanoma, the cervico-vaginal region (n=1) and the left ovary (n = 1). CONCLUSION: Initial surgical modality did not influence long-term survival, but affected disease-free survival significantly.
There are only a few cases of primary ovarian melanoma described in the literature. Here, we report a rare case of ovarian mixed neoplasm with parts of malignant melanoma and fibrothecoma in a 76-year-old female who was hospitalized for a cataract operation. To our knowledge, cases of a combination of malignant melanoma and fibrothecoma in the ovary have not been described. In this study, new markers for malignant melanoma (S-100, tyrosinase mRNA) were also tested.
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the second most common malignant tumor, with increasing incidence in the female population. The most frequent metastatic sites are the regional lymph nodes and surrounding areas as well as liver, adrenal gland, bones and brain. Metastases in the vagina of primary lung cancer have not been previously reported. CASE REPORT: Lung cancer was diagnosed in a 67-year-old, postmenopausal woman. Two years following partial lung resection (right apical lobe, R0-resection, CR), the patient complained of increasing problems with urination. A suspect tumor was identified with palpation and confirmed sonographically. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations of a vaginal excisional biopsy revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma, with the staining reactivity as primary lung neoplasm. Anterior exenteration was performed. CONCLUSION: Some cases of vaginal metastases from extragenital tumors have been previously reported. This is the first report of vaginal metastases from primary lung cancer. We suggest that adenocarcinoma especially tend to form metastases in the female genital tract. The present case emphasizes that, in women with unclear symptoms and findings in the small pelvis (e.g. urination problems, suspect vaginal tumor), the formation of such metastases should be taken into account.
The concentrations of pregnancy protein 1 (SP1), placental-specific tissue protein 10 (PP10), placental-specific tissue protein 12 (PP12) and alpha1-Fetoprotein (AFP) were analyzed in serum samples of 83 patients with bronchial carcinoma at stages II-IV Protein levels were determined by means of single radial immunodiffusion, rocket immuno-electrophoresis, radioimmunoassay and enzyme- immunoassay. PP12 and AFP serum concentrations were significantly increased in the cancer group compared with the control group. PP12 (control group: x=54.08 microg/l; s=61. 70; tumor group: x = 122.52 microg/l; s = 131.16); AFP (control group: x=3.05 microg/l; s=3. 76; tumor group: x = 8.29 microg/l; s = 17.75). SPI was found in only 22 cases of the tumor group. PP10 (control group: x = 2.25 microg/l; s = 0.866; tumor group: x = 2.503 microg/l; s=1.508). Given that at least two of the tested parameters were determined to be in the pathological range, the sensitivity amounted to 0.64 and the specificity to 0.92.
The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF), or more precisely epitope, has been known as a pancarcinoma antigen. It consists of galactose-beta1-3-N-acetylgalactose. We have already described the expression of TF in the normal placenta. TF is expressed by the syncytium and by extravillous trophoblast cells. In this study, we investigated the expression of TF in the abort placenta. Frozen samples of human abort placentas (12 placentas), obtained from the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and, for comparison, samples of normal placentas (17 placentas) from the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, were used. Expression of TF was investigated by immunohistochemical methods. For identification of TF-positive cells in abort placentas, immunofluorescence methods were used. Evaluation of simple and double immunofluorescence was performed on a laser scanning microscope. Furthermore, we isolated trophoblast cells from first and third trimester placentas and evaluated cytokeratin 7 and Muc1 expression by immunofluorescence methods. We observed expression of TF antigen in the syncytiotrophoblasts layer of the placenta in all three trimesters of pregnancy in normal and abort placentas evaluated by immunohistochemical methods. There was no expression of TF antigen in the decidua of abort placentas. Immunofluorescence double staining of TF antigen and cytokeratin 7 showed reduced expression of both antigens in the abort decidua and co-expression of both antigens in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of normal and abort placentas. TF expression in the syncytiotrophoblast was reduced in abort placentas. In the isolated trophoblast cells, no TF expression was found, however, Muc1 expression was visualized. Expression of TF antigen was reduced in the first and second trimester abort decidua compared to the normal decidua during the same time of pregnancy. TF antigen was restricted to the syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast cells in the decidua. Abort placentas expressed TF antigen on the syncytiotrophoblast layer, but with lower intensity compared to normal placentas. We found a significantly reduced co-expression of TF antigen and cytokeratin 7 in the decidua of abort placentas. These data suggested a reduction of extravillous trophoblast cells in the decidua of abort placentas. In addition, we found higher numbers of CD45-positive cells in the abort decidua compared to normal placentas.
UNLABELLED: The higher soy intake in the Asian population compared to Europeans is believed to be an essential factor for the lower incidence of hormone-dependent tumours in Asia. It has already been shown that soya beans, with their ingredients genistein and daidzein from the isoflavonoid group, have protective effects on hormone-caused diseases. Lignans are another, less investigated, group of phytoestrogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of flax-seed, which is typically found in Northern European diets, on the proliferation and hormone production of an estrogen receptor (ER)-positive trophoblast tumour cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Trophoblast tumour cells of the cell line Jeg3 were incubated with 2 different concentrations of the isolated crude extract of flax-seed and 7 chemically partitioned extract fractions. Untreated cells were used as controls. After 48 h of stimulation, cell proliferation was measured using the BrdU method. The concentrations of hCG and progesterone produced by the trophoblast tumour cells were measured 48 h after stimulation. Extract fractions with antiproliferative effects in the BrdU- test were analysed by HPLC-MS. RESULTS: Our study showed an inhibitory influence of some of the isolated flax-seed fractions on the Jeg3 tumour cells. Proliferation of the Jeg3 cells was decreased by flax-seed fractions I, V, VI and VII in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of hCG production by flax-seed extracts III, V, VI and VII was also dose-dependent. Extract fractions V and VI decreased the production of progesterone by 58% to 86%. Some extract fractions showed a stimulating effect on hormone production and cell proliferation. HPLC-MS analysis showed the presence of matairesinol and biochanin A in flax-seed fraction VI. DISCUSSION: Flax-seed seems to have similar inhibitory effects to soya on hormone production and proliferation of hormone-sensitive tumour cells. Our results showed a dose-dependent inhibition by isolated flax-seed extracts on the Jeg3 cell line. Matairesinol and biochanin A seem to be useful candidates for extended tests on other tumour cell lines and normal tissues to evaluate the potential benefit of a lignan-containing therapy in hormone-dependent diseases.
In a prospective study, neonatal morbidity of newborn children of diabetic mothers and its association with the maternal metabolism was determined. Particular attention was directed on the somatic outcome of the children and their frequent metabolic imbalances. In addition, we determined the influence of maternal biological and somatometrical variables on the somatic outcome of newborns. Dependent upon the mothers' and children' variables, risk groups of newborns (fetopathy groups) were defined to optimize clinical care and surveillance of newborns. A total of 810 children were included born to mothers with primary insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM), or gestational diabetes (GDM). Among the study population, 41.7% of children had macrosomia, 27.2% had a weight-length index > 1.2, 17.9% developed hypoglycemia and 19.5% hyperbilirubinemia within the initial 72 hours after birth. The somatic outcome of the children was significantly associated with pregnancy duration, maternal age, weight, height, and HbA1. Increasing maternal HbA1 prior to delivery (categorized in < 8.5%, 8.6-10%, > 10%) was associated with increased relative risk of incidence of neonatal morbidity. Finally, risk groups (fetopathy groups I-III) were defined according to maternal HbA1 value and somatic outcome of the newborns. The importance of these fetopathy groups for criteria of neonatal morbidity is demonstrated. Based upon categorization of newborn children into fetopathy groups, children should be allocated to specific concepts of appropriate surveillance and clinical care. The fetopathy classification may also serve as an independent tool for retrospective quality control of diabetic pregnancy.
Cytotrophoblast cells were isolated from human term placenta after cesarean section by fragmentation of villous tissue with trypsin and DNAse I. Trophoblast cells fuse in vitro to syncytiotrophoblast cells and progesteron is released. Placental Protein 14 (PP14) was incubated (300 micrograms/ml PP14 in 6 ml solution (6 x 10(6) cells) with the cytotrophoblast cells. Production of Progesteron is increased in PP14-trophoblast cell cultures compared to untreated trophoblast cells.