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Biomedical subjects

V A Orlov

Publications and source records attributed to V A Orlov.

116 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the reproductive and immunogenic activity of influenza A viruses isolated in the 1977-1980 epidemic].

Regular studies of the biological properties of influenza A viruses on the model of little-passaged variants revealed some features of reproductive and immunogenic activity of this virus in the period of successive epidemics of 1969-1980. Unlike influenza A viruses of 1968-1976 with high immunogenic and reproductive activities, influenza A viruses isolated in the USSR during epidemics of 1977-1978, 1979, and 1980 were either poorly immunogenic and unable for reproduction in the throat after oral administration, or, like variants of 1979, intensively multiplied in the throat but did not spread actively into the nasal epithelium and produced no immunological protection in orally vaccinated humans. The possibility of using the model of little-passaged viruses for the study of changes in the biological properties of human influenza virus in the time course of its development is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Increase in the effectiveness of anti-influenza immunization by use of a combination of inactivated and live vaccine].

The authors applied a new principle of effective immunization against influenza using a moderately attenuated live vaccine which after 5 passages in developing chick embryos had retained a high reproduction activity in the human upper respiratory tract, while the vaccines were not contagious for their susceptible contacts. The safety of intranasal adminstration of the new vaccine is achieved by giving it to primed subjects previously given oral immunization with the same vaccine or intranasal administration of the standard hyperattenuated vaccine. Since the current inactivated influenza vaccine is the standard hyperattenuated vaccine. Since the current inactivated influenza vaccine is not sufficiently effective epidemiologically, the authors use additionally a single intranasal administration of a highly immunogenic live vaccine. The combined immunization with killed and live influenza vaccines proved to cause no reactions and to be highly immunogenic. Intensive humoral immunity was observed to develop in 86% of vaccines, this genic. Intensive humoral immunity was observed to develop in 86% of vaccines, this figure exceeding considerably the results of administration of the inactivated vaccine alone.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical use of MR tomography with a paramagnetic contrast medium Magnevist in patients with kidney cysts, tumors and hydronephrotic transformation].

The authors analyze diagnostic potentialities of Magnevist, a paramagnetic contrast agent (Shering, Germany) used in magnetic resonance (MR) tomographic examination of patients with renal cysts, hydronephrotic transformation, and tumors. Thirty-five patients aged 17 to 64 were examined, 16 of these with cysts, 8 with hydronephrotic transformation, and 11 with kidneys. Ten normal subjects were examined in whom quantitative parameters (signal intensity) were assessed before and after Magnevist administration. The diagnosis was verified on the basis of x-ray computer-aided tomography, ultrasonic examination, urography, and aortography, as well as histologic findings. T1-suspended images and respiration delay method were found the most informative for the diagnosis of volumic formations of the kidneys. Improved image contrast during the use of Magnevist is observed, according to our data, immediately after the agent administration and attains the maximum by the 20th-25th minute gradually decreasing starting from the 45th minute. Magnevist improves the informative value of MR tomography, helps a more precise assessment of the pathologic process type, localization, relationships with intra- and extrarenal structures, and, moreover, permits revising the previous diagnosis made on the basis of other methods, including noncontrast MR tomography.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sulacillin in the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases].

Antibiotic susceptibility of 279 strains of gram-positive and gram-negative isolates from patients with bronchopulmonary infections was tested. It was shown that the frequency of resistance to ampicillin and sulacillin amounted to 36.5 and 28.8 per cent respectively. The highest clinical efficacy of sulacillin was observed in the treatment of acute pneumonia (good and satisfactory results in 76.2 and 19 per cent of the cases respectively) and chronic nonobstructive bronchitis (good and satisfactory results in 80 and 16 per cent respectively). The clinical efficacy of sulacillin was somewhat lower in the treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis (good and satisfactory results in 50 and 30 per cent of the cases respectively). In the treatment of chronic purulent bronchitis no clinical effect was detected in 30 per cent of the cases and in 70 per cent of the cases the results were satisfactory. The total frequency of adverse reactions to sulacillin amounted to 18.8 per cent.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinical efficacy of taufon in the combined treatment of patients with chronic circulatory failure].

Monotherapeutic treatment of patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency of I and II functional class and patients of III FC with Russian drug taufon against the background of traditional therapy leads to improvement of objective and subjective indications of the disease. Taufon does not significantly affect central hemodynamics, but normalizes contractile myocardial function and increases tolerance to physical load. Taufon potentiates therapeutic efficacy of some drugs that makes it possible to reduce their doses. Pharmacokinetics is given. The efficacy and the absence of any toxic effects allow the authors to recommend the drug for treatment of patients with chronic cardiovascular as an drug additional to basic background therapy.

Adult↗