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Biomedical subjects

U Schulz

Publications and source records attributed to U Schulz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Prognostic factors during control of the course of lymphogranulomatosis: comparison of 2 therapy technics and analysis of serologic parameters].

Between 1970 and 1980, 339 patients with Hodgkin's disease in stages IA to IIIB were treated at the Department of Radiotherapy, University of Essen, FRG. 65 patients (group A) were irradiated using a multiple-field-technique with cobalt-60, 110 patients (group B) with mantle fields, inverted Y or paraaortic extended fields given with 5.7 MeV photons. There were no significant differences between the cumulative survival times, local and marginal recurrences. However, the recurrence rates of unirradiated lymph node regions were different, mainly due to absent or given paraaortic treatment. The presence of initially normal blood parameters (BSR, relatively lymphocyte count, haptoglobin, copper, iron) is of high prognostic value. Combined, they allow a correct prognosis as to the five year recurrence rate in up to 98% of cases. The prognostic precision of initially pathologic values was considerably reduced, even if a normalization had occurred after one year from the initiation of treatment.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1984

Endodermal sinus tumor of the pineal region. Metastases through a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

This case report concerns an endodermal sinus tumor (EST) arising in the pineal region of a 16-year-old boy who died 3 months after radiation. He developed extensive abdominal metastases through a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, whereas the primary tumor and a suprasellar metastasis could be controlled by radiotherapy, demonstrated by autopsy. The histologic diagnosis was supported by an elevated level of alpha-fetoprotein in serum and the demonstration of this marker in the tumor tissue by immunoperoxidase method. The poor diagnosis of all previously reported cases with pineal EST requires a combined modality of surgical approach, radiotherapy, and concomitant chemotherapy.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Granulosa cell tumor. The results of postoperative irradiation].

Postoperative irradiation was done in 12 female patients with granulosa cell tumours between 1962 and 1981. The average follow-up period was 10 years and 10 females were alive without evidence of renewed tumour growth. A further patient died of cardiac infarction after 7 years. At the time of death she was free of recurrence or metastases. Only in one case multiple filiae developed in the lung, liver and skeleton 8 months after cessation of irradiation. The progression of these could not be arrested. Following the first therapeutic step, i.e. abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral adnectomy , radiotherapy represents an important additional therapeutic measure. Thus the unfavourable long-term prognosis of granulosa cell tumours can be beneficially influenced particularly in far-advanced cases or in recurrences.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMed1984

Interstitial high dose-rate brachytherapy: principle, practice and first clinical experiences with a new remote-controlled afterloading system using Ir-192.

In our newly developed remote-controlled afterloading system, a single Ir-192-source is moved within hollow stainless steel needles, which are arranged strictly parallel and are uniformly spaced. Dose calculation is performed by an especially designed computer program using geometrical bodies (ellipsoid, cylinder and plane parallel body) as idealized tumor shapes. Reference points for calculation are defined on the surface of the chosen geometrical body. Theoretical base, principles of dosage, handling and first clinical experiences after treatment of 28 patients are presented.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of malignant melanomas of the uvea with 106-ruthenium applicators. Report on the first 100 Essen cases].

The results of treatment of the first 100 patients with uveal melanomas treated with 106-Ruthenium applicators in Essen are presented. The mean follow-up period was 2 years; 80 of the patients presented with choroidal melanomas and 20 with melanomas of the ciliary body. Five of the 100 patients had metastatic disease originating from the primary uveal melanoma. Compared to 60-cobalt therapy, therapeutic results are similar in terms of tumor regression, but the incidence of complications was significantly lower. In 16 patients the eye with the tumor had to be removed, because of tumor growth (12), neovascular glaucoma (3), and vitreous hemorrhage (1). Visual acuity did not decrease in 20% of the cases treated. In the light of our results 106-Ruthenium therapy seems to be a reliable method of tumor treatment in tumors with a maximum prominence not exceeding 8 mm.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Interstitial afterloading therapy. Principles, practical application and first clinical experiences].

The principle and practical application of an afterloading system for interstitial therapy is reported. The system works with a single Ir-192 source with high dose rate and achieves the optimum dose distribution by gradual displacement and variable position times. A specially developed computer program serves to calculate the stopping times of the source. The implantation is performed with hollow needles made of refined steel, which are held in parallel position by means of jigs fixed to the patient. 28 patients with 36 tumors have been treated. The dose was determined according to the experiences in gynecologic afterloading therapy with high dose rate sources and dosage prescriptions in teletherapy. The authors present the therapeutic results of this pilot study, discuss the new system and show practicable possibilities for further development.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment results in malignant tumors of the vulva, a retrospective analysis of 119 cases].

Between 1960 and 1980 111 patients with malignomas of the vulva were treated. Among these 86 cases were admitted primarily with view of treatment. Within the period conception of therapy was changed drastically. Where as in former time treatment consists in excision of the tumour with following conventional X-ray therapy, since 1973 therapy of choice was radical vulvectomy with inguinal lymphonodectomy. Based on these facts a retrospective comparison of the survival rates in possible, particularly distribution of stages is likely the same in the two groups. The group treated since 1973 has essential better survival rates. This can be attributed to the conception of radical operative treatment preferred in literature predominantly. Mortality rate is below 5 per cent which will be favourable in the geriatric clientele. To make the results of treatment comparable internationally a postoperative classification should be proposed like in breast cancer. The question of the position of an additional postoperative irradiation is to be answered only with aid of a prospective multicenter study.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Stereomorphometric studies of capillaries and nerve cells in the normal brain of the aged subject and in Alzheimer's disease].

Stereological investigations of putamen, frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus in Alzheimer's disease and in age-matched controls were performed with an optical electronic image analysis system (Leitz). In all layers of the frontal cortex, a significant atrophy of neuronal perikarya is observed in Alzheimer's disease compared with normally aged specimen. In putamen, a non significant decrease is measured in the area of nerve cells. The morphometric results of the capillary measurements show a 40% increase of the capillary volume in the brain cortex of the Alzheimer group compared with the controls. These results which are probably localized in cortex represent gross atrophy of the frontal brain in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. No changes of this kind can be observed in young individuals (19-45 years) or the normal aged group (85-95 years).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Significance of radiotherapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas].

Postoperative photon- or electron irradiation has been well established in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas. For further improvement of these results, neutron- or neutron-boost irradiation was introduced at several centres of radiation therapy. In this report, the 3.5 year results of 112 patients are analysed. The majority (62%) had T3-tumours (UICC classification, Geneva 1978). 58 patients presented with gross tumour at the beginning of radiotherapy, and 54 patients without clinical evidence of tumour. 39 patients (35%) had recurrent tumours. A highly statistical difference in local tumour control was found between the group of patients with gross tumour (47%) and the group of patients without clinical evidence of tumour (81%). A statistical difference in local control and survival was also found between the group of patients with T1-tumours (100%), T2 tumours (76.8%) and T3 tumours (44.5%), whereas no differences were found in terms of grading. The high complication rate of 25%, which was found after neutron therapy, was reduced to 7% after introduction of a neutron boost. The statistical significance of this treatment modality is presently being evaluated in a randomised EORTC trial. Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended für all G3 tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Postsurgical follow-up of colorectal cancer patients monitored by the leukocyte migration test.

Blood samples from more than 1,000 patients with colorectal cancer were tested in the leukocyte migration test (LMT) and by a radioimmunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for evaluation of: 1) the correlation of LMT response to the status of disease and 2) the use of LMT and CEA determination in the monitoring of patients after surgical removal of the primary tumor. A total of 320 patients, which were tested repeatedly, constituted the key group of the investigation: Of these, 56 patients developed recurrences or metastases whereas 217 patients showed no sign of reactivated disease. The group of patients with persistent absence of disease showed test profiles of either persistent negativity (50%) or conversion of one or both parameters; persistently positive profiles were rarely encountered. Patients with recurrences and metastases showed either positive profiles or conversion of positivity; only 3 patients were negative in both tests. However, despite significant disease-related response of the LMT, the test is not recommended as an adjunct to postsurgical monitoring, because of its technical complexity.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical therapy of liposarcoma].

The clinical course of 17 patients with liposarcoma was followed from 6 months to 20 years. Local recurrence was seen in 11 patients, metastases in 3. Survival was 1 year in one case up to 18 years in another. There was a close correlation of survival and histological findings. There was also a distinct influence of primary surgical therapy on local recurrence rate. In our opinion, the extent of excision of the primary tumor is most important in the treatment of liposarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Technic and results of radiotherapy in early stages of ovarian cancer].

By treating eleven patients with an individual large field therapy adapted to the single stage and subsequent chemotherapy (Leukeran), we obtained an average survival time of 42,6 months (living patients) and 37,6 months (patients died), respectively. Late complications of this therapy were not observed, the tolerance was good. In case of recurrence after this treatment, the reserves of bone marrow seem to be too small to allow an aggressive chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Short-term induction and cyclic maintenance therapy in inoperable small cell bronchial cancer].

Since July 1978 one hundred and three consecutive patients with unresectable small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with a combination of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO). In limited disease patients (64) the second chemotherapy course was followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation, the fourth by irradiation towards primary disease sites. Complete responders were randomised to either receive etoposide or no further maintenance therapy. Objective responses were reached in 88/100 evaluable patients, with 72% of complete remissions in limited-stage disease and 33% in extensive disease, respectively. The actuarial median survival time for limited disease patients was 15.8 months compared to 9.3 months in extensive disease (p less than 0.005). 29 of the 100 patients remain still alive, 4 for more than 24 months without disease recurrence. The survival advantage of patients reaching complete remissions relative to those who did not is highly significant (p less than 0.001). Acute gastrointestinal and hematological side effects were common, with possibly three drug-related deaths from infections during transient granulocytopenia (mean nadir: 600-900 cells/mm3). The present induction regimen using only four courses of chemotherapy produces high complete remission rates on roentgenography and bronchoscopy and improved survival in the majority of patients. Thus far any effectiveness of etoposide-maintenance therapy following ACO could not be substantiated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

An unusual type of cytokeratin filament in cells of a human cloacogenic carcinoma derived from the anorectal transition zone.

Epithelia-derived tumors (carcinomas) can be distinguished from mesenchymally derived tumors by the presence of intermediate-sized filaments of the cytokeratin type, which usually coincides with the absence of other types of intermediate-sized filaments such as vimentin filaments. In the course of diagnostic examinations of human tumors, using immunofluorescence microscopy, we have come across a case of an unusual carcinoma (Primary tumor and lymph node metastasis) positively stained not only with cytokeratin antibodies but also with immunoglobulins present in vimentin antisera. Therefore, this tumor, a cloacogenic carcinoma apparently derived from the rectal-anal transitional region, has been examined in greater detail using both immunofluorescence microscopy and immuno-electron microscopy as well as gel electrophoretic analysis of cytoskeletal polypeptides from total tumor tissue and from microdissected nodules enriched in carcinoma cells. The unusual reaction of the carcinoma cells with immunoglobulins present in seven different (rabbit or guinea pig) antisera raised against vimentin, has been found to be diminished after absorption on purified cytokeratin or total epidermal cytoskeletal material, but not after absorption on purified vimentin. Gel electrophoretic analysis of tumor cytoskeletons showed an unusual complex pattern of cytokeratin polypeptides containing relatively large (Mr 68,000 and Mr 58,000) neutral-to-slightly basic cytokeratins, as are typically found in epidermis and other stratified squamous epithelia, as well as several smaller acidic cytokeratins, including a Mr 40,000 polypeptide found in certain nonstratified epithelial such as colon and small intestine. Total tumor also showed the inclusion of some vimentin which, however, was significantly decreased in analysis of excised carcinoma nodules. Examining antibody binding to polypeptides separated by gel electrophoresis and blotted on nitrocellulose paper, we have found that antisera raised against vimentin contained not only vimentin antibodies but also immunoglobulins which specifically bound to the largest cytokeratin component. We conclude that the unusual reaction of immunoglobulins present in vimentin antisera with cytokeratin filament bundles does not represent specific binding to vimentin in these carcinoma cells, but is due to a component obviously widespread in vimentin antisera which binds specifically to a cytokeratin present in this type of tumor but not in most other carcinomas. It is proposed that use is made in diagnostic examinations of vimentin antisera or affinity-purified vimentin antibodies that have been pre-absorbed on cytokeratin protein, in order to eliminate such disturbing reactions.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Optimization of large-field radiotherapy for lymphogranulomatosis].

In low stages of Hodgkin's disease radiotherapy alone is still considered to be the treatment of choice, as so called mantle fields and so called inverted Y-fields. According to the early onset of chemotherapy in stages I-IIIA radiation technique and radiation dose have to be adapted. With regard to stage, histologic type and adjuvant chemotherapy in Hodgkin's disease risks of radiation therapy are evaluated. Recommendations for modified radiation techniques are given.

Hodgkin Disease↗