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Biomedical subjects

U Rao

Publications and source records attributed to U Rao.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Comparison of prognostic factors for survival and recurrence in malignant melanoma of the skin, clinical Stage I.

Potential prognostic factors for survival time, 5-year survival rate, recurrence-free time, and 5-year recurrence-free rate were explored for 262 patients with malignant melanoma of the skin, Stage I, using the long-rank test, proportional hazards (Cox) regression, and linear logistic regression. Breslow's thickness was the most important variable in each analysis. A thinner Breslow's thickness was associated with a better prognosis. After adjusting for Breslow's thickness, sex was the next most important variable in each analysis. Women had a better prognosis than men. After adjusting for Breslow's thickness and sex, there were no additional significant prognostic factors for survival time; Clark's level was significant for 5-year survival rate; the number of mitoses, evidence of regression, and presence of vascular invasion were significant for recurrence-free time; and the presence of vascular invasion and number of mitoses were significant for 5-year recurrence-free rate. It is recommended that in future prospective studies of adjuvant therapy of Stage I melanoma, patients be stratified into treatment groups on the basis of Breslow's thickness and sex.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Adrenal adenocarcinomas: histologic grading and survival.

Thirty-eight patients with adrenal adenocarcinoma were reviewed. Two of 23 males and 8 of 15 females had a functioning tumor (P less than 0.005). The most striking finding in this review was the variation in survival according to histologic grade. The median survival from histologic diagnosis was for grade I tumors 54 months, for grade II tumors 26 months, for grade III tumors 1 month. The difference in survival between patients with grade I or II tumors and those with grade III tumors was significant (P less than 0.001). The majority of the patients with grade III tumors were admitted with clinical evidence of disseminated disease and died within 1 month. Among the patients with well-differentiated tumors, five who received surgical treatment of their recurrence had a median survival of 51 months, whereas seven patients who received no surgical treatment had median survival of 20 months following first recurrence (0.05 less than P less than 0.10).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Adjuvant specific immunotherapy of resectable squamous cell lung carcinoma. Analysis at the eighth year.

From June 1976 to June 1981, 86 patients with resectable (Stage I and II) squamous cell lung carcinoma were entered into a randomized controlled study with three arms: Control Group - no treatment postoperatively. Specific Immunotherapy Group - three monthly doses of 500 micrograms of tumor associated antigen (TAA) emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Nonspecific Immunotherapy Group - three monthly doses of CFA emulsified in saline. All the patients in the study received skin tests with PPD (5TU) and 100 micrograms of the same TAA used for the immunotherapy at 1, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. Patients in both immunotherapy groups showed a tendency for a better disease-free interval and overall survival compared to those of the control, but these interval and beneficial therapeutic effects were statistically significant only in the Group III patients who had no hilar lymph node metastasis (T1N0 and T2N0). Although Group III was originally designated as a nonspecific immunotherapy group, retrospectively, it should be called a lowdose specific immunotherapy group because these patients actually received a total of 500 micrograms of TAA (as skin tests) and three doses of CFA at separate sites.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Immunologic patterns of regional lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth. Prognostic significance.

Histologic specimens from 43 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth treated exclusively by surgery were studied with special attention paid to the reactivity of regional lymph nodes. The lymph nodes were classified into four microscopic patterns of immune response: lymphocyte predominance for sinus histiocytosis, germinal center predominance, unstimulated, and lymphocyte depletion. No nodes of the lymphocyte depletion pattern were found. Correlations were then made between the patterns and survival rate at 5 year follow-up. The results showed that those patients with lymph nodes that demonstrated lymphocyte predominance had a better survival rate than patients with germinal center predominance and the unstimulated patterns. These correlations were independent of stage and metastatic nodal status and the differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.5). Morphologic assessment of immunologic activity in lymph nodes that drain carcinoma of the floor of the mouth appears to be of significant prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Tourniquet infusion chemotherapy for osseous malignant lesions.

Two patients with osseous malignant lesions were treated with the tourniquet infusion method. The first patient, with two metastatic lesions in the left femur resulting from a renal adenocarcinoma, had three courses of intra-arterial Adriamycin. Biopsies of these lesions showed that the distal lesion, which was perfused during each treatment, was histologically negative, whereas the proximal lesion, which was not perfused because of the position of the catheter, contained the viable tumor. The second patient, a 12-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma of the proximal portion of the right tibia, had three courses of intra-arterial chemotherapy with Adriamycin and cisplatinum, and then underwent open biopsy, which was histologically negative. Another open biopsy six months later was also histologically negative. She has normal use of her extremity and, at eleven months since the initiation of treatment, she remains disease free. The evaluation of the tourniquet infusion technique in greater numbers of patients with bone tumors under carefully controlled conditions, appears warranted.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Epidural meptazinol for pain relief after lower abdominal surgery.

A preliminary investigation is reported into the use of epidural meptazinol for pain relief in 20 patients after major lower abdominal (gynaecological) surgery. Analgesia was rapid in onset (15 minutes), had a median duration of 124 minutes (interquartile range 85-212 minutes) after a single dose of 30 mg and a median duration of 122.5 minutes (interquartile range 70-127 minutes) after a single dose of 60 mg. Overall pain relief, as judged by the patients themselves, was satisfactory in 19 out of the 20 cases. At 30 minutes and 45 minutes pain relief was significantly better with the 60 mg than the 30 mg dose (p less than 0.02). No drug-related adverse effects were observed during the study.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Malignant soft tissue tumors of nerve sheath origin.

Thirty-one patients with neurogenic sarcomas treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) during a 10-year period were studied. The mean follow-up is 35.5 months. A specific nerve of origin could not be identified in 61.3% of patients. The most frequent site was the proximal lower extremity (38.7%). The only presenting symptom was enlarging mass in 67.7%. There was association with Von Recklinghausen's disease in 42% of the cases. Survival was significantly worse in tumors with Von Recklinghausen's disease (25.6%) compared to patients with solitary malignant schwannomas (50.9%). Twelve of 18 patients who had adequate surgical treatment initially remain disease-free, whereas only 2 of 11 patients referred following partial excision or recurrence remain disease-free (P less than 0.02). Eleven of 18 patients with grade I or II tumor are disease-free, whereas 2 of 10 patients with grade III tumor are disease-free (P less than 0.05). Resection of the sciatic nerve with wide excision is accompanied with a good functional result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Benign cysts of the parotid gland.

Benign cysts of the parotid gland are rare. They present with equal distribution between males and females as unilateral painless swelling in the area of the parotid gland without fixation to the overlying skin or involvement of the facial nerve. These cysts can be congenital, acquired, or occasionally may arise from surrounding structures. The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult and the treatment of choice consists of superficial parotidectomy. Our 10-year experience with benign cyst of the parotid gland at Roswell Park Memorial Institute is presented in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Long survival after ovarian and hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of the large bowel: report of a case.

Herein we present the case of a woman who is now 19 years post abdominoperineal resection for a Dukes' C1 rectal carcinoma, 10 years post right hemicolectomy for a Duke's C1 carcinoma of the ascending colon and removal of a solitary hepatic metastasis and now 9 years post resection of an ovarian metastasis. She had 5-fluoracil, postoperatively. This is the ninth case reported in the literature of a 5-year survivor free of disease following oophorectomy for metastatic adenocarcinoma of the large bowel. The finding of ovarian and hepatic metastases from her colorectal carcinoma would have indicated a poor prognosis. We feel that those rare patients who have an unexpected long survival should be reported for accumulation of clinical data, illustration of their clinical management, and analyses of the applied therapeutic interventions.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Prevention of adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats using methylprednisolone (MP).

Adriamycin (ADR) is a useful antitumor agent but causes severe cardiotoxicity requiring dose limitation. Methylprednisolone (MP) has been shown to stabilize cell membranes and, in ischemic heart models, to protect mitochondria lysosomes and sarcolemma. The purpose of this study was to determine if MP could prevent ADR-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Twenty-eight normal, male, Wistar rats were placed in two groups of 14 each. One group received ADR 2 mg/kg iv weekly for 3 weeks, followed by 2 mg/kg subcutaneously weekly. The other group received the same dosage of ADR but also MP 20 mg/kg subcutaneously 3 hr before, with ADR and 3 hr after ADR. Seven rats in each group were sacrificed after the 10th week of treatment. At autopsy 7/7 (100%) of the rats in the ADR groups had obvious ascites and pleural effusion whereas 0/7 in the ADR + MP group developed this complication (P less than 0.01). Microscopic examination of the hearts revealed vacuole formation, loss of muscle mass, tapering off of myocardial cells, or inflammatory changes in 7/7 (100%) of the rats in the ADR group and in 2/7 (28%) of the ADR and MP group (P less than 0.05). Among the rats left to monitor survival, at 11 weeks from the initiation of treatment, 4/7 (57%) in the ADR group and 7/7 (100%) in the ADR + MP group were alive. These data indicate that MP provides some protection from Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Serial cytogenetic analysis of a recurrent malignant melanoma.

A metastatic malignant melanoma in a 54-yr-old white female was examined cytogenetically on three different occasions. We found two different clones, one hypodiploid and another hypertriploid; however, both clones had the same markers [i.e., der(6),t(6;17), and der(17),t(1;17)]. Detailed analysis of the histopathology and clinical course suggests that these two different clones reflected different morphology and results of therapy.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1984

Photoradiation therapy in advanced carcinoma of the trachea and bronchus.

Photoradiation therapy is a new technique being investigated for the treatment of solid malignant tumors. In this study, 17 patients with advanced, recurrent, biopsy-proven malignant lesions of the trachea or main-stem bronchus were treated by photoradiation therapy. Patients received hematoporphyrin derivative intravenously three days prior to light therapy. The light was delivered from a fiberoptic fiber attached to the output beam of a dye laser (633 +/- 3 nm). The fiber was passed through the large channel of a bronchoscope (Olympus BF 2T). Of the 17 patients, two had no measurable response to the photoradiation therapy, six had partial necrosis of the tumor, seven patients had a greater than 50 percent reduction in the intraluminal volume of tumor, and two were lost to follow-up. Survival ranged from 5 to 210 days (median survival, 40 days). Complications of the treatment were significant in this group of advanced-stage patients and included excessive secretions, fever, pneumonia, and abscess formation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the thyroid after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. A case report and review.

This is a case report of a patient who had received radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease and 48 years later developed adenosquamous carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Radiation associated thyroid carcinoma is usually of differentiated variety and carried no different prognosis than one not related to radiation. Coexisting adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma is a very rare event, but makes the prognosis of patients with thyroid carcinoma much poorer. As a result, this kind of patient requires early recognition and aggressive therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

The role of fibrin adhesive in vascular surgery.

Fibrin Seal (FS) (a natural adhesive material composed of fibrinogen, cold insoluble globulin, factor XIII, platelet growth factor, antiplasmin thrombin, and calcium chloride) was utilized in the construction of vascular anastomosis of the femoral artery of mongrel dogs. A significant decrease in the number of sutures necessary to achieve adequate anastomosis and minimize the likelihood of postoperative bleeding was noted. There was no long-term increase in tissue reaction or decrease in arterial patency. On the basis of these preliminary results the role of FS as a hemostatic agent in vascular and especially microvascular surgery warrants further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Results of the national soft-tissue sarcoma registry.

Of 191 case reports submitted to the National Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry, 131 qualified for inclusion. Fifty-two percent were males; 80% were whites. Twenty-one different histologies were assigned, with leiomyosarcoma most frequently represented. Localized disease was reported for 29% of patients. Surgery in combination with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy was reported as the treatment for 45% of patients, and surgery only was reported for 31%. These data reflect increasing used of adjuvant therapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Combination chemotherapy (CYVADIC) in metastatic soft tissue sarcomas.

Forty-one patients with metastatic sarcoma were treated with Adriamycin, 50 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, Cyclophosphamide, 500 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, Vincristine, 1 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 5, and Dacarbazine (DTIC), 250 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1-5 (CYVADIC). Three patients had a complete regression, while 8 patients had a partial regression of greater than 50%. The combined response rate was 27%. Eight additional patients showed stabilization of disease for an average of 5 months while 22 patients progressed on CYVADIC. Ultimately, 7 patients with initial tumor regression had progression of their disease. Four patients with partial regression had excision of the regressed nodules of tumor and continued on chemotherapy for a year. They remain alive at a median follow-up of 24.5 months, suggesting that removal of partially regressed nodules may improve results.

Adult↗