[Computerized tomographic diagnostic error in staphyloma posticum].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
U Mayr
Publications and source records attributed to U Mayr.
[Craniopharyngioma: experience with combined operative and radiotherapy and problems of hormone substitution (author's transl)].
Craniopharyngioma, primarily a benign tumour, is associated with a variety of serious problems due to tumour localization. Access to the tumour during surgery is difficult and total resection can rarely be achieved. Growth of the remaining tumour continues and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, further visual field loss and hormonal disturbances reappear. However, conservative operation in conjunction with radical irradiation shows good results as regards tumour regression and survival with satisfactory quality of life. Irradiation with 50 Gy on average was performed in 5 out of 6 children with remaining tumour or tumour recurrence, and satisfactory results were obtained. In all cases tumour size regressed. Endocrine disturbances could be ascertained by the combined LHRH-TRH-insulin test and the clinical picture. In nearly every case there was finally a complete lack of hormones of the pituitary-hypothalamic axis. Substitution of various hormones became necessary in all cases. Meticulous surveillance of children still undergoing developmental maturation is mandatory. All six children are well and lead a nearly normal life.
Adolescent↗
The structure of a thirty-six kilobase region of the human chromosome including the fibroblast interferon gene IFN-beta.
The isolation of a human genomic cosmid hybrid containing the interferon beta gene has recently been reported (Gross et al., 1981). This hybrid was mapped using single and double digests and cross-hybridisation with the sub-cloned EcoRI and BgIII fragments. Purified fragments and subclones were used as hybridisation probes against chromosomal "Southern" blots to show that at least half of the region has been cloned without alteration. This cannot at present be confirmed for the rest of the region due to the presence of highly repetitive DNA on these cloned fragments. Sequencing data on the 5'-end of the fibroblast IFN-beta gene shows a high density of direct and inverted repeats. The IFN-beta mRNA coding region contains no intron, although the possibility of other transcription starts is not ruled out. The cloned region shows no similarities to known genomic clones containing IFN-alpha genes.
Base Sequence↗
Treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome by plasma exchange.
Plasma exchange has been used for therapy in eight patients with the Guillain-Barré syndrome. All patients were severely ill. They became tetraplegic and showed cranial nerve involvement. Five patients received assisted respiration, but the others were also at risk of ventilatory insufficiency. Recovery was abrupt in all cases after the first plasma exchanges. Improvement was more marked when plasmapheresis was done on three successive days with plasma exchanges of 2.0-3.01 each in the initial progressive stage of the disease. A considerable advantage of this therapy is the avoidance of continued artificial respiration and nutrition, which both carry the risk of further complications.
Adult↗
Reconstitution of the allosteric L-lactate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus casei investigated by hybridization.
The reassociation process of the urea-denatured allosteric L-lactate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus casei was investigated by hybridization experiments between the reassociating enzymes from L. casei and Lactobacillus curvatus. The quantitatively evaluated hybridization patterns indicate an assembly pathway from the unfolded subunits to the tetrameric state via dimers. The comparison of the kinetics of reassociation and reactivation of the L. casei L-lactate dehydrogenase shows that the tetramer is the only active form.
Allosteric Regulation↗
Amino acid sequence of a dodecapeptide from the substrate-binding region of the L-lactate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus xylosus and Bacillus stearothermophilus.
The amino acid sequence of dodecapeptides from the substrate-binding region of 3 bacterial L-lactate dehydrogenases (Lactobacillus xylosus, Lactobacillus curvatus and Bacillus stearothermophilus) were determined. They show a very high homology to the sequences of the corresponding known animal enzymes. There is, however, an essential difference between the sequences of pro- and eucaryotic enzymes: the Asn residue in position 166, common to all eucaryotes, is replaced by serine in lactobacilli and by isoleucine in Bacillus stearothermophilus. The cysteine residue in position 165, formerly considered as essential, seems to be restricted to the vertebrates, while all so far investigated invertebrates and bacteria have threonine at this position.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Factors affecting the quaternary structure of the allosteric L-lactate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus curvatus as investigated by hybridization and ultracentrifugation.
The allosteric L-lactate dehydrogenases of Lactobacillus curvatus and Lactobacillus casei exist in the tetrameric from (molecular weight about 145 000) at pH 5.0--5.5 even in the absence of the effectors Mn2+ and Fru(1,6)P2 (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate), but undergo reversible dissociation to monomers (molecular weight about 35 000) at higher pH values or in the presence of urea. In the range between pH 5.5 (tetrameric state) and pH 7.4 (monomeric state) the L. curvatus L-lactate dehydrogenase exists in a dissociation-association equilibrium comprising tetramers, dimers and monomers as indicated by the Sc20,w values and the results of hybridization experiments. The simultaneous addition of both effectors [Mn2+ and Fru(1,6)P2] at pH 7.4, however, resulted in the stabilization of the tetrameric form. The addition of Fru(1,6)P2 alone at pH 7.4 had almost no influence on the quarternary structure, whereas the addition of Mn2+, as well as that of NADH, largely prevented dissociation. The L-lactate dehydrogenase of L. casei showed similar properties, although the enzyme dissociates only at about pH greater than or equal to 7.8. As in the case of the L. curvatus enzyme, Fru(1,6)P2 has no influence on the pH-dependent dissociation of the L. casei enzyme, whereas Mn2+ stabilizes the tetrameric structure. Reconstitution of a mixture of the two dissociated enzymes results in the formation of all statistically possible, enzymatically active hybrids. No hybridization between the allosteric enzymes from L. casei and L. curvatus and the non-allosteric ones of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus was observed.
Allosteric Regulation↗
Computerized axial tomography in chronic partial epilepsies.
EEG and CAT studies were performed in 187 adult chronic epileptics. Acute convulsions, known tumor epilepsies, and seizures due to a rapidly advancing neurologic disease were excluded. Partial seizures of elementary and complex symptoms were nearly equally frequent. In 48 patients the etiology of the seizure disorder remained unknown. Among the verified etiologies residual brain damage were the most significant. In 10 cases the chronic seizure disorder was due to slowly growing brain tumors. CAT findings were normal in 86 patients (46%) and abnormal in 101 (54%). Localizing signs could be demonstrated by neuroradiologic and/or radionuclide tests in 15.7%, by CAT in 28.9%, by neurologic examination in 58.3%, and by EEG in 78.1%. Localized CAT-pathology showed no correlation to the types of partial seizures, whereas a significant correlation could be established with residual brain scars and tumors and with localized neurologic or EEG findings. Epilepsy starting after the age of 15 is more likely to be linked with CAT-pathology than with seizure disorders starting in childhood.
Adolescent↗
Interferon-induced translation defects in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system from mouse erythroleukemia cells.
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Cell Line↗
Comparative studies of lactate dehydrogenases in lactic acid bacteria. Amino-acid composition of an active-site region and chemical properties of the L-lactate dehydrogenase of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
The molecular weight, the amino acid composition and the N-terminal and C-terminal amino acids of two allosteric (Lactobacillus casei, L. curvatus) and two non-allosteric (L. plantarum, L. acidophilus) L-lactate dehydrogenases, purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography, were determined. The amino acid composition of the only tryptic peptide unequivocally common to the fingerprints of the 4 enzymes is virtually identical with that of the arginine peptide, called Arg6 of the the substratebinding site of the L-lactate dehydrogenase dehydrogenase of several animals. However, the 'essential' cysteine residue 165 is replaced by threonine, as it is in the L-lactate dehydrogenase of lobster. In addition, the 4 bacterial peptides differ by one or two changes in single amino acid residues from each other as well as from those of animals. The data indicate that not only the animal L-lactate dehydrogenases, but also the allosteric and lactate dehydrogenases from bacterial sources may have evolved from a common gene.
Amino Acids↗
Release of interferon-induced translation inhibition by tRNA in cell-free extracts from mouse erythroleukemia cells.
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Animals↗
Comparative studies of lactic acid dehydrogenases in lactic acid bacteria. I. Purification and kinetics of the allosteric L-lactic acid dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei and Lactobacillus curvatus.
The stability, pH-dependence and kinetic properties of the Mn2+ and FDP-activated NAD-dependent lactic acid dehydrogenases from Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei (ATCC 393) and L. curvatus (DSM 20010) were studied after the enzymes were purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. Both enzymes are virtually unidirectional, catalysing efficiency only the reduction of pyruvate. They are similar with respect to the effector requirement and pH-optimum. They differ, however, in their electrophoretic mobility, heat stability, pH-dependence of the Mn2+ requirement and several kinetic properties. It is suggested that most of these differences are caused by differences of the negative charges in the vicinity of the FDP-binding site or the site responsible for the interaction of the subunits of the enzymatically active oligomeres.
Allosteric Regulation↗
[Acute increased intracranial pressure--first symptom of renovascular hypertension? (author's transl)].
The authors report the history of a 7 months old male infant who showed acutely increased intracranial pressure associated with hydrocephalus internus. These symptoms appeared probably as the first manifestation of severe renovascular hypertension. The possible etiologic relations are discussed.
Clonidine↗
[Diagnosis of diastematomyelia using ultrasound].
During the last two years diastematomyelia was found sonographically in 4 patients and confirmed by myelography combined with CT-myelography. In one case an autopsy was done. Three times ultrasounddiagnosis was established during the newborn-period. Spinal sonography allows soonest diagnosis even in severely ill newborn and premature infants and provides a basis for further examination (M, CT M and MRI). The clinical and radiological features of diastematomyelia and the associated malformations are explained and the indications for spinal sonography in the newborn-period are stressed.
Child, Preschool↗
CT and MR imaging in neuro-Behçet disease.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) studies were done in one case of Behcet disease and showed a focal lesion in the upper brain stem. Early institution of therapy was followed by a complete clinical remission and disappearance of the CT and MR changes. Computed tomography and MR are important modalities for the early detection of Behcet disease when reversibility of the pathological changes is still possible.
Adult↗
[International education--Eu program. AZW Innsbruck Health and Nursing School participates in the EU program of the Leonard Da Vinci project].
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Austria↗
Purification of human fibroblast interferon by extraction in aqueous two-phase systems.
Liquid-liquid extraction offers a new method for the concentration and purification of human fibroblast interferon (IFN-beta). Different derivatives of polyethylene glycol (PEG)--liquid ion exchangers or affinity ligands--can be effectively used for the extraction of IFN-beta in combination with Dextran-T 500 or orthophosphate. Important parameters for the partition of IFN-beta have been investigated, e.g., the influence of the concentrations of the phase-forming components, the addition of salts, the volume ratio of the top and bottom phases, and the content of crude IFN-beta. Systems containing polyethylene glycol-phosphate ester/orthophosphate/sodium chloride (1/19.5/2.9% w/w at pH 6.9 or 2/19/7.5% w/w at pH 5-5.9, respectively) resulted in up to 350-fold purified IFN-beta in the top phases with a yield of 74-100% and a specific activity of 3-7 X 10(6) units/mg. The efficiency of extraction in the aqueous phase system is a consequence of an extremely limited solubility of IFN-beta in the bottom phase. One of the advantages of the new method is that it is independent of the process volume and can be performed easily and quickly.
Humans↗