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Biomedical subjects

U Maier

Publications and source records attributed to U Maier.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Carcinoma of the prostate following suprapubic prostatectomy for benign hyperplasia.

We report on 25 patients who developed carcinoma of the prostate following suprapubic prostatectomy for benign hyperplasia. The average age at the time of surgery was 67.3 years. An average of 8.3 years (1-23 years) elapsed before detection of carcinoma. 12 of 25 patients were operated on at the Department of Urology, University of Vienna, between 1962 and 1986. At the same time, 972 patients underwent suprapubic prostatectomy. In our patients the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate following suprapubic prostatectomy amounts thus to at least 1.2% (12 of 972). In Austria, the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate in the comparable age group (70-79 years) is 0.34% per annum. This means that in an average observation period of 6.4 years (i.e. the average time before detection of carcinoma in 12 of 972 patients), almost 2.2% of the male population in Austria are affected by carcinoma of the prostate. Probably, part of the patients who underwent prostatectomy at our department turned to other departments of urology as soon as the complaints reappeared. Hence we may conclude that the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate following prostatectomy is almost identical with the incidence of carcinoma in a non-operated group. To determine the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate following suprapubic prostatectomy, 276 patients were called in again. Of these, 98 underwent follow-up examinations; no carcinoma of the prostate was detected. Since the biologic activity of the carcinoma after open prostatectomy is similar to that of nonoperated carcinoma, urologic follow-up examinations must be carried out regularly both in patients who underwent adenomectomy and in those who were not operated.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Tamoxifen and testolactone in therapy of oligozoospermia: results of a randomized study.

40 patients with oligoasthenozoospermia in infertile marriages were subjected to randomized treatment with 30 mg tamoxifen/day (n = 20), or with 30 mg tamoxifen/day and 150 mg testolactone/day (n = 20), to prevent elevation of estradiol levels during monotherapy with tamoxifen. In both groups there was a significant increase in FSH, LH and testosterone. The elevation of estradiol serum levels was significant (p less than 0.0001) in the tamoxifen group, and not significant in the group with combination therapy. The increase in sperm density was significant in both groups (p less than 0.001; p less than 0.002, respectively), but no differences were seen between both groups. No improvement of the other ejaculate parameters was seen in either groups. The incidence of gravidity was the same under additional testolactone therapy (n = 3).

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1988

[Therapy of radiation injuries of the bladder with orgotein (Peroxinom)].

30 patients who developed an irradiation bladder after radiotherapy of carcinoma uteri were treated with submucosal infiltration of orgotein. In this homogeneous series (same cancer, dosage and exposition of radiation, same sex) the success rate of 86% improvement of subjective symptoms or complete healing was excellent, not to be reached by any other mode of treatment. In one patient an anaphylactic shock was seen. Despite of this event--which happens in great published series in only 1 permille--orgotein infiltration should be the therapy of choice in actinic damaged urinary bladders.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

[Sex life following suprapubic prostatectomy].

95 patients who had undergone suprapubic prostatectomy (without complication) were questioned with regard to any alteration in sexual activity. There was a negative influence on sexual activity in more than half of the patients who claimed sexual potency preoperatively (80/95); however, only a few patients (3/80) regarded this loss as being an important problem in changing of sexuality. The following points should be considered before operation. 1. Anatomical structures which are responsible for erection are not destroyed during operation. 2. Retrograde ejaculation will appear in approximately 80% of patients after operation. 3. Decrease in sexual activity is to be expected in 40% of operated males, although no definite connection with the operation modalities can be established.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Follow-up of patients with microhematuria].

Out of 100 patients with asymptomatic microhaematuria 21 patients showed an underlying pathological condition. In 23 patients glomerular (= dysmorphic) erythrocytes were seen on phase-contrast microscopy. Follow-up of the remaining 56 patients (over 2 to 10 years) showed the subsequent appearance of pathological urological findings in 14.3% of cases including three tumours (hypernephroma, cancer of the renal pelvis and bladder papilloma) 24 to 30 months after the diagnosis of microhaematuria. The necessity of prolonged urological observation in patients with non-glomerular (eumorphic) microhaematuria is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A repeated 18 bp sequence motif in the mouse rDNA spacer mediates binding of a nuclear factor and transcription termination.

DNA sequences and protein factors directing termination of mouse rDNA transcription in a nuclear extract system were examined. Termination is specific and requires a sequence element AGGTCGACCAGATTANTCCG (the Sall box) that is present eight times in the spacer region downstream of the 3' end of pre-rRNA. Exonuclease III protection experiments reveal the binding of a nuclear protein to the Sall box. Deletions, insertions, and point mutations in the Sall box reduce or abolish the interaction with the nuclear factor and disrupt transcription termination. A synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to the Sall box consensus sequence governs transcription termination in vitro, although with reduced activity. Therefore, other sequences normally surrounding the Sall box appear to contribute to the accuracy and efficiency of termination.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Mitomycin C plasma levels after intravesical instillation with and without hyaluronidase.

In 20 patients undergoing transurethral resection for bladder tumor or multiple transurethral biopsies for monitoring after transurethral resection, mitomycin C, 20 mg., was instilled into the bladder immediately after the procedure. Mitomycin C was associated with hyaluronidase, 200.000 U, in 10 patients. Serum levels of mitomycin were determined by column chromatography 30 and 60 minutes after instillation. Hyaluronidase was not found to make any difference in mitomycin absorption. Potential expansions of the therapeutic modalities for preventing recurrent bladder tumor by hyaluronidase are discussed.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Calcitonin- and katacalcin-like immunoreactivity in human seminal plasma.

iCT was determined in 74 patients by direct RIA. A highly significant increase (371 pg/ml) compared with normal serum concentration (100 pg/ml) was observed. There was no correlation between iCT concentration and ejaculate parameters. In addition monomeric bioactive CT and from the same RNA derived KT were determined from a seminal plasma pool gathered from 25 patients. The measured amounts were similar to those found in plasma. Monomeric CT or KT is not responsible for high amounts of iCT in seminal plasma found by direct radioimmunoassay. High amounts of iCT or iKT are due to two heterogenous peptides with greater molecular mass but have no influence on fertility.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1986

Report of two cases of male breast cancer after prolonged estrogen treatment for prostatic carcinoma.

Reviewing our experience with 19 cases of male breast cancer, we found two patients with a 12-year history of estrogen therapy for prostatic carcinoma. One initially received diethylstilbene followed by estradiol, 80 mg monthly, and finally estramustin, 140 mg twice daily. The other patient had dienestrol, 2.5 mg daily, and later estradiol, 40 mg every 6 weeks. The possible causal relationship between prolonged estrogen administration and breast cancer in males is in contrast to available epidemiologic data. Therefore, the possibility of an association by chance cannot be ruled out.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Urologic complications following curative radiotherapy of gynecologic cancers].

Seventy-nine patients with urological complications after radiotherapy of their gynecological carcinomas are presented. Twenty-eight patients underwent operation before irradiation. The time between radiotherapy and occurrence of urological complications varied from 0.5 to 27 years (mean 5.3 years). One third of the patients showed a combination of at least two side effects of radiotherapy. There were good results of infiltration therapy with orgotein in patients with radiation cystitis. Because of the unsatisfactory result from primary operation of fistulas, suprapubic urinary diversion is preferred. Gynecologic operation prior to radiotherapy did not influence the results of urological treatment. Seven patients (8.8%) died from urological complications or from complications after urologic treatment. 6 patients (7.6%) showed cancer of the radiated region (3 bladder cancers, 3 colon cancers) within 6 to 20 years after radiotherapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1985

[Male breast cancer].

Between 1974 and 1982 inclusive 18 male patients were treated for breast carcinoma. 12 patients had postoperative radiotherapy whereas 4 were referred for treatment of recurrent or metastatic disease. One patient showed signs of inflammatory breast cancer and was treated with chemo-radiotherapy and one was being followed up in our department after radiotherapy for prostatic cancer in 1970. Median overall survival was 52 months and the median disease-free interval was 21 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Long-term results after sclerotherapy of the spermatic vein in patients with varicocele.

Ninety-seven patients received transfemoral sclerotherapy of the spermatic vein for varicocele. After observation for 2 to 5 years, follow-up was available in 69 patients (71.2%), in 11 of whom the procedure failed (16.0%). Complications during angiography (N = 12, 12.4%) or sclerotherapy (N = 31, 32.0%) did not require hospital treatment. At least one parameter of the spermiogram was improved in 25 of 32 patients (78.1%). Forty-four of 69 patients (63.8%) treated because of a childless marriage, and whose wives were not known to be infertile, had a pregnancy rate of 47.7%. Thi method may be considered equal to surgical procedures in achieving venous occlusion; furthermore it is simple and can be used on an outpatient basis without anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Transcription of mouse rDNA terminates downstream of the 3' end of 28S RNA and involves interaction of factors with repeated sequences in the 3' spacer.

RNA polymerase I terminates transcription of mouse rDNA 565 bp downstream of the 3' end of mature 28S rRNA. This specific termination event can be duplicated in a nuclear extract system. RNA molecules with authentic 3' ends are transcribed from ribosomal minigene constructs provided the templates retain a minimal length of downstream spacer sequences. The nucleotide sequence of the region of transcription termination contains a set of repetitive structural elements consisting of 18 bp conserved nucleotides surrounded by stretches of pyrimidines. Termination in vivo occurs within the first element. This site is preferentially used in vitro at low template concentrations. At increasing DNA concentrations a termination site within the second repetitive element is used. Competition experiments with defined 3'-terminal fragments suggest that transcription termination by RNA polymerase I requires interaction of some factor (or factors) with the repetitive structural elements in the 3' nontranscribed spacer.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pyridostigmine kinetics in healthy subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis.

Comparative pyridostigmine kinetics in plasma were measured in 10 healthy subjects given 4 mg iv and 60 mg oral pyridostigmine bromide. As determined from the AUC ratio, oral availability was 11.5% to 18.9% (means = 14.3%). Mean t 1/2 of the plasma level decline after oral dosing was 200 minutes, twice as long as the terminal elimination t1/2 after intravenous infusion (97 minutes). Thus absorption may proceed at a slower rate than elimination. Comparison of intraindividual data revealed strict dependence of the AUC on the infused dose (2, 4, and 8 mg) in one subject and variability in AUC up to a factor of two when two subjects took oral pyridostigmine three times. Patients with myasthenia who were receiving continuous therapy with oral pyridostigmine had AUC values per unit dose corresponding to those in healthy subjects. Storage stability of pyridostigmine in plasma required acidification of samples and storage at -75 degrees C. When native plasma was kept at -20 degrees C, there was appreciable loss of pyridostigmine within 1 to 2 months, the extent of which depended on the initial concentration.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

[Significance of urothelial dysplasia in macroscopically normal mucosa in patients with bladder tumors. Results of a randomized study with and without intravesical mitomycin C in the prevention of recurrence].

During endoscopic treatment of 90 patients with bladder tumors, multiple random biopsies were carried out on normal looking bladder mucosa. Dysplasias were found in 25.6% of the patients. These findings are almost identical to the results of histological examination of bladder in autopsies. Postoperatively, a randomized prophylactic Mitomycin instillation therapy was carried out. Although the recurrence rate under Mitomycin treatment was significantly lower here than in the control group (18.8% vs. 56.7%), the rate of dysplasias was nearly twice as high as in the control group (43.8% vs. 23.3%). Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that dysplasia only reflects the present picture of proliferative activity of urothelium, but allows no interpretation of biological activity or prognosis of bladder carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Methylene blue to stain the bladder mucosa and monitor the course of bladder tumors.

In 12 patients with bladder tumors and in 15 undergoing multiple biopsies of grossly normal bladder mucosa to monitor the course of their bladder cancer, attempted staining of the mucosa with methylene blue failed to show any correlation with tumor histology. While histologically normal mucosal areas picked up the stain well, nonstaining areas were found to be dysplastic in 22% of the cases and showed endophytic masses in 2 patients. In 48% of patients excessive staining prevented adequate evaluation so that repeated endoscopy was necessary to confirm the absence of tumorous tissue. For these reasons, staining of the bladder mucosa with methylene blue is unsuited for the diagnosis of endophytic bladder tumors.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

[Therapy of virginal prostatic cancer with cyproterone acetate].

52 patients with virginal carcinoma of the prostate were treated with 100 mg cyproterone acetate during an observation period of 12 to 68 months (average 38.2 months). In 7 patients (13.5%) the therapy had to be stopped because of gastrointestinal intolerability. Of 45 patients in whom a relevant clinical statement was possible 44.4% showed a progression of the disease after a period of 3 to 30 months (on average 10.8 months). 95% of these patients had carcinomas with a higher degree of malignity (GII or GIII). From this is concluded that the monotherapy of the medium- to undifferentiated carcinoma of the prostate with cyproterone acetate is to be refused in this dosage.

Aged↗