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Biomedical subjects

U Kunath

Publications and source records attributed to U Kunath.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Animal experiments concerning oesophagogastrostomy in oesophageal replacement of the stomach (author's transl)].

After resection of the esophagus, the transposition of stomach should be preferred to the interposed colon, because it is technically simpler, can be performed in a shorter time and is only seldom followed by reflux. If the fundus is to be used for the anastomosis with the esophageal stump, a good blood circulation of this gastric part is needed for uncomplicated healing. This is warranted by preserving the right gastric and gastroepiploic arteries, which supply the vascular arcades of the lesser and greater curvature. Additionally to former morphological investigations, the postoperative course after resection of the esophagus and esophagogastrostomies in dogs was studied. In the first animal group only the right gastroepiploic artery, in the second group additionally the right gastric artery were preserved. As result it was found that the vascular arcades along the greater curvature alone are insufficient for the blood supply of the gastric fundus. The findings and their clinical value are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Evaluation of the bursa infracardiaca in the pathogenesis of sliding hiatal hernia (author's transl)].

For the first time, the capillary space-bursa infracardiaca-which is present in human evolution, is investigated and described in reference to the pathogenesis of sliding hiatal hernia. This bursa at the right dorsal wall of the esophagus can obliterate, persist or even communicate with the bursa omentalis. It supports the cranially sliding movement of the gastroesophageal junction and reduces the slope posture of the plane of esophageal entry into the stomach. Extensive sliding movement permits the fat of omentum minus to develop a lipoma between the bursa and esophageal wall. With regard to the known specific muscle architecture of esophagus (Stelzner, 1968) the upward tilting of the plane of entry is followed by the opening of the cardia and by reflux. The bursa enlarges the postural change of the plane of entry. It can be considered as a disposing factor in the development of sliding hiatal hernia. This is evaluated by a lot of observations and with regard to former experiments.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1977

[Results of esophago-intestinal anastomoses and studies of gastric, perfusion in the stomach mobilized for that purpose].

The results of 61 resections of the esophagus are reported. The cause of leakage is investigated. Using angiography and the TAS method, increasing diminution of the blood supply of the gastric wall can be observed after the ligature of 1, 2, or 3 arteries. Preservation of the right gastric artery and the right gastroepiploic artery, leaving an intact arcade, avoids necrosis of the suture line. However, it is better to remove the fundus in every case. Results after esophagointestinal anastomoses and investigations of blood flow in the mobilized stomach are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[A critical account on perfusion manometry in the lower esophageal sphincter (author's transl)].

The evaluation of morphology and functional regulation in the closing mechanism of the terminal esophagus is not yet convincingly stated. Manometry by continuously perfused and withdrawn catheters, as applied in the last years, permits only to record the elevated perfusion resistance in narrow segments. This is elucidated considering the physical principles of the measuring procedure. The closing pressure and its variations can only be determined by measuring the perfusing rate under constant pressure levels. The single conditions and the clinical value are discussed in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pressure measurements in organic sphincteric zones.

A new method of measuring pressure is presented which serves to determine the opening pressures in organic sphincter areas and to investigate the behavior of the high-pressure zone and its susceptibility. By means of a pressure-measuring device which is introduced into the sphincter area, the opening pressure, which may be equated to the constant cloding pressure, can be determined by known increases of pressure. The method is described in detail, and the use of this manometric procedure is demonstrated with reference to the lower esophageal spinncter.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1976

[Morphological and functional changes in the closing sphincter of the lower esophagus after experimentally-induced hiatal hernia].

Report of an experimental model of axial hiatal hernia in dogs, always combined with reflux (roentgenologic control). Using a new method of pressure measurement, the authors succeeded in proving the distention of the esophageal "sphincter". Morphologic investigations demonstrated, that in hernia the muscle fiber is no longer an apolar helical fiber, but runs nearly horizontally. The reduced susceptibility to pentagastrin is caused by diminished tension of the muscle fiber. The distal esophageal closing mechanism consequently seems to be a function of the whole organ and not of a hormonally regulated sphincter.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Manometry, effect of pentagastrin and appearance of reflux in experimentally created hiatal hernia (author's transl)].

The importance of morphological and hormonal factors in the gastro-oesophageal junction can be evaluated, since a hiatal hernia comparable to the axial sliding hernia could be created in animal experiments. A new adequate procedure of manometry enables intraluminal pressures to be measured as a functional analysis. In 10 dogs a hiatal hernia with roentgenological reflux was performed. Pentagastrin administered intravenously could not prevent the gastro-oesophageal reflux. Pentagastrin intensified the muscle tension for only 5 minutes, but could not maintain the closing mechanism because of the altered morphological structure. After having restored the longitudinal tension of the organ by gastropexia, the terminal oesophagus has regained its closing function.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[The lower esophageal sphincter and manometry methods].

For measuring the closing strength in the lower esophageal sphincter an adequate method of manometrie is necessary. A pressure measuring device is placed into the esophageal occlusion segment and is filled with water under a variably fixed pressure. Thus a radial force tries to open the closed sphincter. The opening pressure can be equated to the closing pressure. Moreover the activity of sphincteric musculature influenced by drugs can be investigated under a constant radial pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Problems of a suitable pressure-measuring technic for the esophagus and its sphincter].

The functional analysis of the esophagus and its lower sphincter requires an adequate procedure of pressure measurement. The value of studies on the motility and the terminal closing segment, using different pressure transducers, is examined. The pressure measuring device, constructed by us, makes possible the investigation of the mechanical behaviour of the closing muscular segment by means of extension under gradual increases in pressure.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1975

[A new method for measuring the pressure in the region of sphincters and in the esophageal occlusion segment (author's transl)].

A new method of measuring pressure is presented which serves to determine the opening pressures in organic sphincter areas and so to investigate the behavior of the pressure and its susceptibility. By means of a pressure measuring device which is introduced into the sphincter area, the opening pressure, which may be equated to the constant closing pressure, can be determined by known increases of pressure. The method is described in detail, and the use of this manometric procedure is demonstrated with reference to the area of esophageal occlusion.

Animals↗