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Biomedical subjects

U Krause

Publications and source records attributed to U Krause.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[CEA determination to differentiate between pheochromocytoma with ectopic calcitonin formation and type-II multiple endocrine neoplasms].

Plasma levels of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined pre-operatively and two months postoperatively in ten patients with C-cell carcinoma as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type II. In addition, CEA was measured in extracts from 20 different phaeochromocytomas (five from patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type II, 15 from patients with sporadic phaeochromocytoma). In comparison, CEA concentration was determined in extracts from five C-cell carcinomas of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type II. When correlating pre- and postoperative calcitonin and CEA levels, there was a significant linear relationship (P less than 0.001). CEA concentration in extracts from phaeochromocytomas was at the lower level of sensitivity (4.7 +/- 12.2 pg/mg tumour wet-weight). In extracts from C-cell carcinomas they were much higher (6402 +/- 4570 pg/mg tumour wet-weight). The results suggest that it is possible, in patients with phaeochromocytoma and high calcitonin levels, to differentiate by additional CEA determination between C-cell carcinoma in the course of multiple endocrine neoplasia type II and sporadic phaeochromocytoma with ectopic calcitonin liberation.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Eight years experience with the Worst Medallion two loop lens.

282 cataract patients were operated and a Worst Medallion 2-loop pseudophakos was implanted. The material consisted of 154 males, 128 females, mean age 58.8 years, range 3-88 years. 200 had senile, 35 pre-senile, 31 traumatic and 16 some other type of cataract. 247 were intracapsular, 35 extracapsular extractions. 87.6% of all cases had a vision of greater than or equal to 0.5; if 8 cases with non-implant dependent complications are excluded, the rate is 90.1%. The following complications were observed: one bullous keratopathy (0.4%) and 5 local corneopathies (1.8%), 9 cases of uveitis (3.2%) of them 2 hypopyon, 1 vitritis and 6 anterior uveitis, 19 cystoid macular oedema (6.7%) and 10 retinal detachments (3.5%). Subluxation was the most common complication, 28 cases (9.9%), and broken sutures were seen in 15 eyes (5.3%). Secondary glaucoma was observed in 2 cases (0.7%), 3 cases (1.1%) needed secondary surgery. The complication rate is similar to that of conventional cataract extraction given in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical therapy of liposarcoma].

The clinical course of 17 patients with liposarcoma was followed from 6 months to 20 years. Local recurrence was seen in 11 patients, metastases in 3. Survival was 1 year in one case up to 18 years in another. There was a close correlation of survival and histological findings. There was also a distinct influence of primary surgical therapy on local recurrence rate. In our opinion, the extent of excision of the primary tumor is most important in the treatment of liposarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Ectopic hormone formation in multiple endocrine type IIa neoplasia (author's transl)].

A patient with high-grade osteoporosis had elevated levels of ACTH, cortisol and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Computed tomography demonstrated enlarged adrenal glands. Despite intensive search no ACTH-producing tumour was found. A central Cushing's syndrome was thus possible, and a radiologically normal sella turcica made a microadenoma of the hypophysis a possibility. However, a one-time hypertensive crisis with elevated catecholamines raised the suspicion of an additional phaeochromocytoma and thus provided the first pointer to a multiple endocrine neoplasia. Bilateral phaeochromocytomas, discovered at adrenalectomy, as well as raised serum-calcitonin levels, strongly suggested coexistence of a C-cell carcinoma, which previously had not been demonstrated either by thyroid scanning or fine-needle biopsy. A total thyroidectomy revealed a multifocal and metastasizing C-cell carcinoma. On extraction it contained a high concentration of calcitonin, typical for a C-cell carcinoma. An unusual finding was of ACTH in extracts of both the C-cell carcinoma and the phaeochromocytoma. It was immunologically identical with the synthetic ACTH used as a standard.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis of the site of insulinomas: percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterisations with selective blood sampling for hormone determination (author's transl)].

Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterisation with blood sampling from the various areas of drainage, especially the pancreatic veins, was undertaken in seven patients with insulinoma to diagnose its site. In six patients measurement of serum-insulin levels revealed an abrupt rise in the vascular area later found to drain the area of the insulinoma. Insulin measurement in one patient with insulinoma in the head of the pancreas falsely indicated an islet-cell tumour in the region of the tail of the pancreas. C-peptide concentration in serum followed the concentration of insulin, but did not show such a marked rise. The method of percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterisation with selective blood sampling for the measurement of hormonal concentration was superior to ultrasound, computer tomography or coeliacography for determining the site of the tumour.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of calcium and magnesium on parathyroid hormone release from human parathyroid tissue in vitro].

The effects of calcium and magnesium on parathyroid hormone release from eight adenomas causing primary hyperparathyroidism and six hyperplastic glands causing hypercalcemic secondary hyperparathyroidism were investigated in vitro using single cell suspensions from the respective tissue. We observed suppression of parathyroid hormone release with increasing concentrations of either cation. The quantitative hormone secretions of both adenomatous and hyperplastic glands was identical.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

An in vitro model for the study of human parathyroid gland tissue: single cell suspensions and monolayer cultures.

An in vitro model for studies of parathyroid physiology is described using single cell suspensions and adherent monolayer cultures of human parathyroid tissue. The isolated cells were viable and maintained functional properties tested by calcium and magnesium sensitivity. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion could be suppressed by rising calcium and magnesium concentrations. The secretory behaviour of the cells was not altered by cultivation or cryopreservation. The morphological integrity of the individual cells after mechanical and enzymatic preparation was confirmed by light and electron microscopy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Sex differences in refraction errors up to the age of 15.

A health inquiry concerning vision and corrective lenses at the age of 14 was carried out in a northern Finland series about 12,000 children followed up since birth. Data were obtained from more than 99% of cases. 34% of the girls and 18% of the boys had corrective lenses. 55% of the study population were living in the province of Oulu, and the ophthalmological records of these children were analysed (N 1939). The ophthalmological records covered 67% of the children with lenses in the province of Oulu. 71% of the girls with lenses, and 66% of the boys had these for myopia, both myopia and hyperopia were less common among the boys, but the cases were more pronounced. The children with lenses were on average taller and heavier and the myopic children had a better mean ability at school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetic fundamentals of vaginal treatment with clotrimazole.

Absorption of clotrimazole after vaginal application was estimated to be between 3 and 10%. In order to investigate the fate of clotrimazole reaching systemic circulation, pharmacokinetic studies following oral and intravenous administration were carried out. The concentrations of clotrimazole in vaginal fluid and in blood plasma after vaginal application of 200 and 500 mg were determined using a specific assay by quantitative thin-layer chromatography. Fungicidal concentrations of clotrimazole in vaginal fluid up to 3 days after application of one vaginal tablet containing 500 mg were found. In contrast, clotrimazole plasma levels were lower than 0.01 micrograms/ml, demonstrating that clotrimazole is rapidly metabolized.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1982

Results of single-dose treatment of vaginal mycoses with 500 mg Canesten vaginal tablets.

212 patients with cultural evidence of yeast-induced vaginal mycosis were treated with a single vaginal tablet of 500 mg clotrimazole. A diagnosis of infection due to a Candida species had been established before therapy in 95% of the patients studied. From the total group of 212 patients a further group was formed who had appeared at the check-ups as scheduled in the trial protocol and whose data were complete. This group included 83 cases. There was no therapeutic difference between the two patient groups. 89% of the patients of the total patient group evaluable were found to be mycologically cured at both check-ups. In the reduced patient group the rates of mycological cure at the times of examination were 87 and 89%, respectively. The clinical results obtained in the total patient group indicated a therapeutic success of 90% at both check-ups. In the reduced patient group the rate of therapeutic success was 93% at the first and 88% at the second check-up. The local tolerability of the Canesten vaginal tablet was good. The side effects observed were rare and mild.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Endocrine studies with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue to achieve withdrawal of testosterone in prostate carcinoma patients.

This investigation on 12 well-defined patients with untreated, advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma establishes the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue [D-Ser(But)6](1-9)-nonapeptide-ethylamide (Hoe 766) as an effective, safe and non-toxic form of medical castration. Hoe 766 was given either as subcutaneous injections of 2 x 200 micrograms/day over 14 days and pernasal application (3 x 400 micrograms/day) thereafter, or as subcutaneous injections of 3 x 1,000 micrograms/day over 6 days and pernasal application thereafter in the dosage mentioned above. Both dose regimens were equally effective: pituitary overstimulation between days 3 and 6 with a rise of serum HL and testosterone; pituitary and testicular desensitization with LH and testosterone decline between days 6 and 14; medical castration with average serum testosterone levels maintained around 0.5 ng/ml for up to 12 weeks. Except for transient hot flashes in 4 patients, no clinical or laboratory side effects were observed. It is concluded from this study that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue. Hoe 766, is a valuable alternative to conventional contrasexual measures for prostate cancer palliation. To improve the patient's compliance, however, the smallest single pernasal dosage effective for maintenance of down-regulation and steroidogenic arrest has still to be determined.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of metronidazole and sulfasalazine for active Crohn's disease: the cooperative Crohn's disease study in Sweden. I. Design and methodologic considerations.

The design and execution of the Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study in Sweden are described in this paper. A double-blind, double-dummy, crossover (2 X 4 mo) technique was used to compare the suppressive efficacy of metronidazole (0.4 g b.i.d.) and sulfasalazine (1.5 g b.i.d.). The number of randomized patients (78) presented approximately one-third of the available population. The Crohn's Disease Activity Index and the plasma level of orosomucoid were the main variables for clinical evaluation. Results were analyzed primarily in the first treatment period by ranking the clinical outcome of every patient according to a uniform and detailed scheme and applying Wilcoxon nonparametric statistics. The cross-over data only served as additional information. Thirty-six patients had had earlier and mostly positive experience with sulfasalazine. Repeated plasma drug analysis indicated good compliance. The blindness of the trial was tested and appeared satisfactory. The coordination of the trial proceeded as planned. A lack of full conformity in the electroimmunoassay of orosomucoid was taken care of satisfactorily.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of metronidazole and sulfasalazine for active Crohn's disease: the cooperative Crohn's disease study in Sweden. II. Result.

Seventy-eight patients with active Crohn's disease participated in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial. The study comprised two 4-mo period. The purpose was to test the efficacy of metronidazole in comparison with that of sulfasalazine. As the main evaluation criteria the Crohn's Disease Activity Index and plasma levels of orosomucoid were chosen. In the first period no difference in efficacy as measured by Crohn's Disease Activity Index was found between the treatment groups. The reduction of the plasma orosomucoid level was significantly more pronounced in the metronidazole group. The hemoglobin concentration increased more in this group than in the sulfasalazine group, possibly due to a toxic effect of sulfasalazine. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased similarly with both drugs. In 15 patients who had active disease throughout the first period, Crohn's Disease Activity Index decreased significantly in the second period for those who switched to metronidazole, but not for those who switched to sulfasalazine. After crossover, no apparent further change in Crohn's Disease Activity Index occurred in either of the treatment groups among patients who had responded favorably in the first period. The plasma concentration of orosomucoid increased significantly among the patients in the sulfasalazine group but not in the metronidazole group. It is therefore concluded that metronidazole is slightly more effective than sulfasalazine in the treatment of crohn's disease. It is worthwhile switching the drug regimen from sulfasalazine, when it fails, to metronidazole, but not from metronidazole to sulfasalazine.

Adult↗