Phenol: an inexpensive sclerosant.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to U Kaur.
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A patient with post-necrotic liver cirrhosis, presenting with recurrent haematemesis and melena due to oesophageal varices, received repeated endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. The Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome developed 11 months after variceal obliteration. Neither rebleeding nor recurrence of varices was observed during a follow up period of 12 months after obliteration of varices.
The chest radiograph in Wegener's granulomatosis reveals several striking, but not pathognomonic abnormalities. Nine (82%) of eleven patients with Wegener's granulomatosis had abnormal chest radiographs. Infiltrates were seen in all patients and were nodular in seven (77%). Six patients had cavities which were most often unilateral and thick walled. Serial radiographs showed the simultaneous appearance and resolution of infiltrates in 4 of 7 instances. Bilateral pulmonary involvement (67%), pleural effusion (33%), and pericardial effusion (22%) were also seen. Paranasal sinus involvement was seen in 4 of 5 studies. The chest radiograph was interpreted as tuberculosis in eight patients, resulting in delayed diagnosis and incorrect treatment.
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BACKGROUND: The relationship of hepatitis B virus infection with drug use and sexual activity in Indian college students has not been studied earlier. METHODS: We studied this relationship in Chandigarh, using a prospective, cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey and blood tests for hepatitis B markers. The responders were assured of the confidentiality of their responses and blood test results. RESULTS: Of the 1311 students who participated, 192 (15%) were sexually active. Eight-four per cent of them were heterosexual, 7.3% homosexual and 8.7% bisexual. Thirty-seven per cent of heterosexuals and 36% of homosexuals had more than one partner. Condoms were used by 24% heterosexuals, 11% bisexuals and 7% homosexuals. Of the sera tested, 2.9% were hepatitis B surface antigen positive and 10.4% were positive for the antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. Fifteen per cent consumed alcohol, but only 1.6% were addicted to other drugs. Two students were intravenous drug users. Eleven per cent had donated blood at least once and a third of these had suffered from jaundice in the past. CONCLUSION: The pattern of sexual behaviour, low condom use and the small but definite prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in this population of students suggests that the human immunodeficiency virus infection may spread rapidly when it enters this community.