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Biomedical subjects

U Kaur

Publications and source records attributed to U Kaur.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Common aetiological agent for epidemic and sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Enterovirus-like particles have been reported in the acute phase of both epidemic and sporadic non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis. To examine whether these particles were the causative agent in the two types of disease, 29 patients with acute viral hepatitis in a north Indian epidemic outbreak and 9 with sporadic acute disease were investigated. 25 (86%) of 29 patients with epidemic hepatitis and 5 (56%) of 9 with sporadic disease were diagnosed as having enterically-transmitted-NANB hepatitis by exclusion. Virus-like particles (VLP) of 30-34 nm were detected in stool of 1 patient with epidemic and 1 with sporadic hepatitis. The VLPs crossreacted serologically and a specific IgM response was seen in acute epidemic and sporadic serum samples. After inoculation with infected stool rhesus monkeys had a mild rise in liver enzymes, and bile samples contained VLPs. These results suggest that the aetiological agent in epidemic and sporadic disease is the same.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Adult onset Still's disease: clinical experience with 18 patients over 15 years in northern India.

Over a 15 year period 18 patients (eight men, 10 women), 16-50 years old, were diagnosed as having adult onset Still's disease. Fever and arthralgia were always present but prominent lymphadenopathy was uncommon and the serosa were rarely affected. The typical rash of this disease was observed in nine patients. Several complications, including deforming arthritis, amyloidosis, granulomatous hepatitis, uveitis, scleritis, cutaneous vasculitis, and cardiomyopathy, were observed during follow up. Two patients were affected by a nosocomial infection during immunosuppressive treatment for uncontrolled disease. There were no characteristic features at necropsy. Ten patients had a monocyclic course that responded well to aspirin and indomethacin, whereas eight had a polycyclic pattern which invariably required treatment with corticosteroids. Serious complications developed exclusively in the latter group. This group of patients requires early, intensive disease modifying treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Sodium and potassium content of liquid antacids.

Sodium and potassium contents of 37 commercially available liquid antacid preparations were estimated. Only nine preparations had sodium content below 60 mmol/L. The potassium content was below 1 mmol/L in 26 preparations. We conclude that caution should be exercised in selecting liquid antacid preparations in whom critically ill patients for electrolyte overload could prove harmful.

Antacids↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of enzyme linked immunosorbent--assay for the detection of anticysticercus antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with neurocysticercosis.

Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was done for the detection of antibodies to Cysticercus cellulosae in 135 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 152 serum samples from patients suspected clinically of neurocysticercosis (NC), neurological disorders other than NC and controls by the use of crude cyst extract antigen. This assay was compared with the standard technique of indirect haemagglutination test (IHA). The results of the two techniques were matched with retrospective analysis of proven diagnosis of these patients. ELISA and IHA was found to be positive respectively in 88 and 84 percent of CSF and 92 and 87.2 percent of serum samples from proven NC patients. The IHA technique was found to be absolutely specific for the detection of antibodies in CSF samples while cross reactions were observed with ELISA technique in CSF from 5 patients, one each suffering from disappearing CT scan lesion, tubercular meningitis (culture negative), chronic meningitis, benign intracranial hypertension and non compressive myelopathy. However possibility of neurocysticercosis cannot be absolutely ruled out in such patients. Both the techniques were found to be highly non specific for the detection of antibodies in serum samples. The study suggests that either of the two techniques may be used for the detection of antibodies in CSF samples from clinically suspected NC patients with high degree of sensitivity and specificity.

Antibodies, Helminth↗
PubMed1991

Familial idiopathic granulomatosis: sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease in two Indian families.

The coexistence of sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease in different members of the same family is rare and only two instances are on record. Two Indian families showing this association have been studied. In one a brother and sister are affected, and in the other seven and possibly eight persons in two generations have been affected. The familial occurrence of both these conditions supports the view that a transmissible agent may be concerned in the genesis of both diseases in genetically susceptible individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Monoclonal antibodies which inhibit in vitro cytotoxicity of axenic Entamoeba histolytica.

A panel of 12 independent hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies to axenic E. histolytica (HM1) have been developed. A hybridoma cell line P4 C4 P2 F8 C8 (clone C8) produced monoclonal antibodies (MoAb C8) of IgG1 isotype which recognised a 29 KD surface associated antigen of amoebic trophozoites in Western immunoblot. Immunofluorescent probing with MoAb C8 employing live and acetone fixed amoebic trophozoites indicated 29 KD molecule on the surface plasma membrane of E. histolytica trophozoites. The MoAb C8 also agglutinated the live amoebic trophozoites. Pretreatment of amoebic trophozoites with anti 29 KD monoclonal antibody significantly (P less than 0.01) inhibited in vitro cytotoxicity of amoebic trophozoites to the cultured baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. MoAb recognised a 29 KD molecule of E. histolytica trophozoites which mediated cytotoxic potentials of the parasite. The absence or variable degree of expression of cytotoxic 29 KD molecule may possibly serve as a marker to differentiate virulent/avirulent populations or strains of E. histolytica.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Uses and limitations in the demonstration of specific circulating immune complexes in patients with amoebiasis.

A micro-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (micro-ELISA) has been evaluated as a diagnostic test to detect amoebic antigen in polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitated circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera from patients with amoebiasis. The immune complexes were captured on rabbit anti-amoebic IgG-coated wells of microtitration plates and the complexed antigen was detected by enzyme linked antihuman immunoglobulins. A titre of greater than 160 for the immune complexes was considered to be of clinical significance. The immunoassay detected amoebic, antigen-specific CIC in 35 (94.5%) of 37 patients with confirmed amoebic liver abscess. Twenty (55.5%) of 36 clinically suspected cases of amoebic liver abscess had amoebic antigen-specific CIC and responded favourably to anti-amoebic chemotherapy. Only two (20%) of 10 cases of non-dysenteric symptomatic intestinal amoebic infection had amoebic antigen-specific CIC. One (10%) of 10 patients with non-amoebic intestinal disorders also had amoebic antigen in CIC. However, none of 15 cases of non-amoebic hepatic disorders that included hydatid disease, metastatic adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholecystitis and choledocal cyst, 13 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and 25 apparently healthy subjects had amoebic antigen in CIC. The levels of the amoebic antigen-specific CIC did not correlate (p greater than 0.05) with either the number of abscess(es) or lobe(s) of the liver involved. However, the levels of antigen-specific CIC were higher (p less than 0.01) in patients with a liver size of more than 5 cm below the right costal margin. Antigen-specific CIC levels tended to decline or disappear during 3-6 months following completion of therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Sclerotherapy in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.

One hundred and twenty two patients who presented with variceal bleeding as a result of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPO) were entered into the sclerotherapy programme with a mean follow up of 23.69 months (range four to 60 months). Eighteen (14.7%) patients were lost to follow up, three (2.4%) patients underwent surgery, and six (4.9%) patients died. Variceal obliteration was achieved in the remaining 95 patients requiring 5.4 (2.4) sessions of sclerotherapy (range 2-18). Seventeen episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleed occurred in 15 patients during sclerotherapy. Recurrence of oesophageal varices was seen in 15 patients. Ten patients developed bulbous gastric varices after obliteration. Major complications including perforation and strictures were seen more commonly in children. Sclerotherapy was associated with a significant reduction in the bleeding rate (bleeds/month/patient) as compared with the presclerotherapy period (p less than 0.001). Endoscopic sclerotherapy is an effective and safe modality in the prevention of variceal bleeds in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Hemostatic alterations in non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis, extrahepatic portal venous obstruction and Budd-Chiari syndrome.

We studied the coagulation function in ten patients each with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF), extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPO) and Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), conditions where venous thrombosis in the hepatic vasculature is a common denominator. Prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK) and thrombin time were normal in patients with NCPF and EHPO. However, in BCS the PTTK was prolonged, with a mean test/control ratio of 1.68 +/- 0.11. Fibrin degradation products were absent in all patients. Platelet aggregation tests showed hypoaggregability in all patients with NCPF. They were normal in patients with EHPO. However, two of ten BCS patients showed hyperaggregability, coinciding with a recent onset of illness in one patient. In conclusion, coagulation abnormalities appear unlikely to be the cause of thrombosis in patients with NCPF and EHPO. Further studies are required to substantiate the findings of hyperaggregability of platelets in BCS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Splenoportovenography in portal hypertension: a safe outpatient procedure.

Splenoportovenography (SPV) was performed as an outpatient procedure in 172 patients to investigate portal hypertension. Careful technique and proper patient selection were responsible for the high success rate (95.3%) and the low complication rate (7.0%). We conclude that SPV done as an outpatient procedure is safe in expert hands and is economical.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Ocular manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis in north India.

Evidence of ocular involvement was found in seven of eleven patients with histologically confirmed Wegener's granulomatosis. Pain (7/7), redness (6/7), scleritis (5/7), reduced visual acuity (5/7), episcleritis (5/7), uveitis (3/7), proptosis, sclerokeratitis and conjunctivitis (2/7) each were the major ophthalmological features. One patient each had bilateral corneoscleral ulcers, eyelid infiltration, scleromalacia perforans and epiphora. Corneal, scleral and uveal tract involvement was observed more frequently than has been described in the literature. These complications responded favourably to treatment with cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids. Treatment was delayed as most of these patients were diagnosed, initially, to be suffering from tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

"Bypass arthritis" after gastroileostomy.

We describe a patient who underwent inadvertent gastroileostomy, and subsequently developed malabsorption, granulomatous hepatitis, arthritis, and reactivation of tuberculosis accompanied by circulating immune complexes and lowered C1q. Surgical correction resulted in marked improvement, with disappearance of arthritis, return to normal of complement levels, and absence of demonstrable circulating immune complexes. Arthritis has not been documented in the spectrum of abnormalities described after gastroileostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Successful long term oral zinc in florid Wilson's disease: a case report.

We describe the clinical course of a patient with florid, predominantly neurological, Wilson's disease who developed serious toxic effects of d-penicillamine therapy but responded well to long term oral zinc sulphate. A congenital portosystemic shunt has decompressed the portal bed adequately to prevent the development of varices. We also documented the return to normal of a grossly abnormal pancreolauryl test after withdrawal of zinc.

Administration, Oral↗