Biomedical subjects

Takashi Fujikado

Publications and source records attributed to Takashi Fujikado.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

Foveal sensitivity and fixation stability before and after macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the functional changes of the fovea by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) fundus perimetry after macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy, and to determine whether the preoperative macular function estimated by the sensitivity of the fovea and the stability of fixation can predict visual acuity after the surgery. METHODS: Macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy and simultaneous torsional muscle surgery were performed on 25 eyes of 25 patients with choroidal neovascularization. The index of foveal sensitivity (Isens) and the index of fixation stability (Ifix) before and after surgery were calculated from the microperimetric data. The preoperative Isens and Ifix were compared with postoperative Isens and Ifix, respectively. The correlations of preoperative Isens and Ifix with the visual acuity after the translocation surgery (VApost) were calculated. RESULTS: Isens increased in 14 (56%) of 25 eyes. Ifix improved in 10 (40%) of 25 eyes. The preoperative Isens and VApost were moderately correlated (r = 0.434, P = 0.0295), while the preoperative Ifix and VApost were highly correlated (r = - 0.530, P = 0.0057). CONCLUSION: An increase in foveal sensitivity and an improvement in the fixation stability were demonstrated quantitatively by microperimetry. The preoperative foveal sensitivity and fixation stability were correlated with the postoperative visual acuity. Microperimetry using SLO can be used to investigate foveal function before and after the translocation and to predict the postoperative visual acuity.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Electrophysiological studies of the feasibility of suprachoroidal-transretinal stimulation for artificial vision in normal and RCS rats.

PURPOSE: Assessment of a novel method of retinal stimulation, known as suprachoroidal-transretinal stimulation (STS), which was designed to minimize insult to the retina by implantation of stimulating electrodes for artificial vision. METHODS: In 17 normal hooded rats and 12 Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, a small area of the retina was focally stimulated with electric currents through an anode placed on the fenestrated sclera and a cathode inserted into the vitreous chamber. Evoked potentials (EPs) in response to STS were recorded from the surface of the superior colliculus (SC) with a silver-ball electrode, and their physiological properties and localization were studied. RESULTS: In both normal and RCS rats, STS elicited triphasic EPs that were vastly diminished by changing polarity of stimulating electrodes and abolished by transecting the optic nerve. The threshold intensity (C) of the EP response to STS was approximately 7.2 +/- 2.8 nC in normal and 12.9 +/- 7.7 nC in RCS rats. The responses to minimal STS were localized in an area on the SC surface measuring 0.12 +/- 0.07 mm(2) in normal rats and 0.24 +/- 0.12 mm(2) in RCS rats. The responsive area corresponded retinotopically to the retinal region immediately beneath the anodic stimulating electrode. CONCLUSIONS: STS is less invasive in the retina than stimulation through epiretinal or subretinal implants. STS can generate focal excitation in retinal ganglion cells in normal animals and in those with degenerated photoreceptors, which suggests that this method of retinal stimulation is suitable for artificial vision.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Development of a new evaluation system for visual function].

Visual deterioration is caused principally by media opacity, by retinal damage, or by disorders of the higher visual system posterior to the optic nerve. In this article, we focused on media and retinal disorders and clinically evaluated a newly developed system for visual function. The decrease in visual function in cataract is subjectively well evaluated by contrast sensitivity, but is difficult to evaluate objectively. Recently, a wavefront sensor has been developed and ocular higher-order aberration (HOA) can now be measured objectively. We studied the relationship between age and HOA by wavefront sensor and found that HOA, especially spherical aberration in the lens, increased abruptly at the presbyopic age. We also found that the against-the-rule astigmatism in the lens increased at this age. Next, we investigated monocular diplopia which was presumably caused by HOA. Nine eyes with monocular triplopia and with mild nuclear cataract showed significant increase of trefoil aberration and negative spherical aberration (p<0.001). The simulated retinal Landolt's image from these two aberrations showed a triple configuration. Thus we confirmed that triplopia is caused by the combination of trefoil aberration and negative spherical aberration in early nuclear cataract. Next, we investigated whether Area under Log Contrast Sensitivity Function (AULCSF) can be predicted by HOA and light scattering. Backward light scattering (BLS) was evaluated by Schei mpflug image and the forward light scattering (FLS) by a spot size of the Hartmann image compensated for the effect of HOA. HOA was evaluated by root mean square (RMS) value from Hartmann image in a 4 mm pupil. Multiple linear regression revealed that AULCSF could be predicted from BLS, FLS, and HOA, in which each parameter contributed to the prediction significantly (p<0.01). By using this predicted value of AULCSF, the improvement of vision after cataract surgery can be predicted in cataract complicated by retinal disease. It has been reported that by fundus camera equipped with adaptive optics (AO), which is an application of wavefront analysis, photoreceptors could be visualized 2-dimensionally. We developed a compact AO fundus camera and demonstrated that cones were separately analyzed at retinal loci 1 degree temporal to the fovea centralis when the ocular aberration was reduced to less than 0.1 microm RMS in a 6 mm pupil. We are going to use this apparatus for eyes with retinal disease. The functional evaluation of residual retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the retina with damage to the photoreceptors is critically important for selecting candidates for artificial retina or regenerative therapy. Transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) of the retina via contact lens electrodes evokes phosphene and indirect pupillary reflex. The threshold current for evoking phosphene in severely degenerated retinas with visual acuity worse than counting fingers showed a wide distribution, which suggested that TES was useful to evaluate residual RGCs functionally. TES also showed a neuroprotective effect. We suggest that the activation of glial cells by TES up-regulates the production of IGF-1, which eventually protects RGCs. The peripheral retina is important for walking even though the spatial resolution is not high. We developed an apparatus to measure stereopsis in the peripheral retina using a wide screen, and evaluated the peripheral stereopsis of 12 patients after macular translocation surgery and squint surgery. All three patients who showed peripheral stereopsis had only a small amount of squint angle. This method may be useful to evaluate stereopsis in patients with a central scotoma.

Cataract↗

PubMed2003

Fukutin is required for maintenance of muscle integrity, cortical histiogenesis and normal eye development.

Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), one of the most common autosomal-recessive disorders in Japan, is characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy associated with brain malformation due to a defect during neuronal migration. Through positional cloning, we previously identified the gene for FCMD, which encodes the fukutin protein. Here we report that chimeric mice generated using embryonic stem cells targeted for both fukutin alleles develop severe muscular dystrophy, with the selective deficiency of alpha-dystroglycan and its laminin-binding activity. In addition, these mice showed laminar disorganization of the cortical structures in the brain with impaired laminin assembly, focal interhemispheric fusion, and hippocampal and cerebellar dysgenesis. Further, chimeric mice showed anomaly of the lens, loss of laminar structure in the retina, and retinal detachment. These results indicate that fukutin is necessary for the maintenance of muscle integrity, cortical histiogenesis, and normal ocular development and suggest the functional linkage between fukutin and alpha-dystroglycan.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Synaptic targeting of PSD-Zip45 (Homer 1c) and its involvement in the synaptic accumulation of F-actin.

PSD-Zip45/Homer1c, which contains an enabled/VASP homology 1 (EVH1) domain and leucine zipper motifs, is a postsynaptic density (PSD) scaffold protein that interacts with metabotropic glutamate receptors and the shank family. We studied the molecular mechanism underlying the synaptic targeting of PSD-Zip45 in cultured hippocampal neurons. The EVH1 domain and the extreme C-terminal leucine zipper motif were molecular determinants for its synaptic targeting. The overexpression of the mutant of the EVH1 domain or deletion of the extreme C-terminal leucine zipper motif markedly suppressed the synaptic localization of endogenous shank but not PSD-95 or GKAP. In contrast, an overexpressed GKAP mutant lacking shank binding activity had no effect on the synaptic localization of shank. Actin depolymerization by latrunculin A reduced the synaptic localization of PSD-Zip45, shank, and F-actin but not of PSD-95 or GKAP. Overexpression of PSD-Zip45 enhanced the accumulation of synaptic F-actin. Additionally, overexpression of PSD-Zip45 and an isoform of shank induced synaptic enlargement in association with the further accumulation of synaptic F-actin. The EVH1 domain and extreme C-terminal leucine zipper motif of PSD-Zip45 were also critical for these events. Thus, these data suggest that the PSD-Zip45-shank and PSD-95-GKAP complexes form different synaptic compartments, and PSD-Zip45 alone or PSD-Zip45-shank is involved in the synaptic accumulation of F-actin.

Actins↗

PubMed2003

Successful photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for recurrent choroidal neovascularization beneath the new fovea after macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy.

PURPOSE: To report a case of successfully treated recurrent choroidal neovascularization after macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy by photodynamic therapy with verteporfin. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 76-year-old man developed recurrent choroidal neovascularization at the new fovea after macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy. RESULTS: Two sessions of photodynamic therapy were applied, which resolved the choroidal neovascularization. Best-corrected visual acuity improved to 20/50 at the 6 and 12 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy may be an option for treatment of recurrent choroidal neovascularization in the new subfoveal region after macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Optical coherence tomographic findings of macular holes and retinal detachment after vitrectomy in highly myopic eyes.

PURPOSE: Macular holes cause retinal detachments in highly myopic eyes. Because degenerative macular changes often coexist, biomicroscopic evaluation of macular hole status after retinal reattachment is sometimes difficult. We studied macular holes with retinal detachment after vitrectomy using optical coherence tomography and evaluated the anatomic status of the hole and factors associated with anatomic success. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative study. PATIENTS: Sixteen eyes that underwent vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with a macular hole were included. Internal limiting membrane peeling with indocyanine green was performed in 14 eyes; the epiretinal membrane was peeled with a diamond-dusted membrane scraper alone in two eyes. All retinas reattached postoperatively. The follow-up period at the optical coherence tomography examination was at least 6 months. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography was performed vertically and horizontally, and the presence of a persistent macular hole was determined. Other information was obtained from patient records. RESULTS: The macular holes closed in seven of 16 eyes (44%). Age, sex, axial length, preoperative best-corrected visual acuity, duration of symptoms, preoperative refractive error, and the preoperative area of the retinal detachment were not significantly correlated with hole closure. Improved postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (P <.05) was significantly associated with macular hole closure, and more frequent visual improvement (P =.06) was of borderline significance. CONCLUSIONS: The success rate was lower than those obtained in eyes without myopia or in myopic macular holes without retinal detachments. Macular hole closure may predict improved visual outcome for patients with retinal detachment and macular holes. Optical coherence tomography detects persistent macular holes in highly myopic eyes with retinal detachment.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Wavefront analysis in eyes with accommodative spasm.

PURPOSE: To investigate changes of spherical aberration in eyes with accommodative spasm. DESIGN: Case reports. METHODS: Four eyes of two patients with accommodative spasm were studied. Ocular spherical aberration was measured with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront aberrometer for the central 4-mm zone. RESULTS: The root mean square values of spherical aberration were negative (-0.086 +/- 0.026 microm root mean square). However, when the spasm of accommodation was cured or treated with a cycloplegic agent, the value shifted toward positivity (0.025 +/- 0.004 microm root mean square). CONCLUSIONS: Excessive accommodative tone is manifested objectively by negative spherical aberration in eyes with accommodative spasm.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed2003

Comparison of ocular higher-order aberrations and visual performance between photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia.

The purpose was to compare the ocular higher-order aberrations and the visual performance between photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Ocular aberrations and visual performance were measured after PRK in 26 eyes, after LASIK in 39 eyes, and in 29 normal myopic control eyes. Ocular aberrations were measured with a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer. Visual performance was evaluated with grating contrast sensitivity, high and low contrast visual acuity, and letter contrast sensitivity under full correction with spectacles. The results were that the root mean square (RMS) values of ocular higher-order aberrations after PRK or LASIK were significantly greater than that of normal controls for both 4-mm and 6-mm zones (PRK; 0.22 +/- 0.09 and 0.85 +/- 0.24 microm, LASIK; 0.20 +/- 0.06 and 0.82 +/- 0.24 microm, normal; 0.10 +/- 0.03 and 0.33 +/- 0.11 microm. P < 0.05 between PRK and normal, LASIK and normal, One Way ANOVA on Ranks). There were no significant differences between PRK and LASIK. The ocular higher-order aberrations increased in proportion with the attempted refractive correction by PRK and LASIK. The ocular higher-order aberrations correlated better with grating contrast sensitivity, low contrast visual acuity, and letter contrast sensitivity than with high contrast visual acuity. There was no difference among normal, PRK and LASIK in all the visual function tests, except between normal and PRK, or between normal and LASIK with letter contrast sensitivity. In conclusion, there was no difference in both ocular higher-order aberrations and visual performance between PRK and LASIK. The result suggests that surgeons can choose refractive procedures according to the corneal conditions or daily activities of patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

The postsynaptic density and dendritic raft localization of PSD-Zip70, which contains an N-myristoylation sequence and leucine-zipper motifs.

The postsynaptic site of the excitatory synapse, which is composed of the postsynaptic density (PSD) attached to the postsynaptic membrane, is a center for synaptic plasticity. To reveal the molecular organization and functional regulation of the postsynaptic site, we cloned a 70 kDa protein that is concentrated in PSDs using a monoclonal antibody against the PSD. This protein, named PSD-Zip70, is highly homologous to the human FEZ1/LZTS1 gene product. PSD-Zip70 contains an N-myristoylation consensus sequence, a polybasic cluster in the N-terminal region and four leucine-zipper motifs in the C-terminal region. Light and electron microscopy showed that this protein was localized to the dendritic spines, especially in the PSD and the postsynaptic membrane. Fractionation of the synaptic plasma membrane demonstrated that PSD-Zip70 was localized to the PSD and the dendritic raft. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, exogenous PSD-Zip70 was targeted to the apical plasma membrane of microvilli, and its N-myristoylation was necessary for this targeting. In hippocampal neurons, N-myristoylation was also required for the membrane localization and the C-terminal region was critically involved in the synaptic targeting. These results suggest that PSD-Zip70 may be involved in the dynamic properties of the structure and function of the postsynaptic site.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Allelic homogeneity due to a founder mutation in Japanese patients with lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIA.

Lattice corneal dystrophies (LCDs) are caused by mutations of the transforming growth factor beta-induced gene (TGFBI, formerly betaig-h3). LCD type IIIA (LCDIIIA) has been reported mostly from Japan. In this study, we demonstrate allelic homogeneity for Japanese patients with LCDIIIA, using intragenic polymorphic markers. When exon 11 of TGFBI was analyzed, all 18 patients examined were found to be heterozygous for both a P501T mutation and an IVS10-3C --> T variation. On the other hand, none of 54 normal Japanese control subjects had the P501T, and 5 of the controls were heterozygous for IVS10-3C --> T. Haplotype analysis of the patients revealed that both P501T and IVS10-3C --> T were located on the same chromosome, and a significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.001, Fisher's exact probability test) was observed between LCDIIIA (P501T) and IVS10-3C --> T. When exon 8 of the gene was analyzed, all these patients possessed the "G allele" of a 1028G/A polymorphism. A significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.003; chi-square test) was also observed between P501T and the G allele in the patients. These results suggest that allelic homogeneity seen in Japanese patients with LCDIIIA may result from a single founder mutation.

Alleles↗

PubMed2002

Intramolecular interaction of SUR2 subtypes for intracellular ADP-Induced differential control of K(ATP) channels.

ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels are composed of sulfonylurea receptors (SURs) and inwardly rectifying Kir6.2-channels. The C-terminal 42 amino acid residues (C42) of SURs are responsible for ADP-induced differential activation of K(ATP) channels in SUR-subtypes. By examining ADP-effect on K(ATP) channels containing various chimeras of SUR2A and SUR2B, we identified a segment of 7 residues at central portion of C42 critical for this phenomenon. A 3-D structure model of the region containing the second nucleotide-binding domain (NBD2) of SUR and C42 was developed based on the structure of HisP, a nucleotide-binding protein forming the bacterial Histidine transporter complex. In the model, the polar and charged residues in the critical segment located within a distance that allows their electrostatic interaction with Arg1344 at the Walker-A loop of NBD2. Therefore, the interaction might be involved in the control of ADP-induced differential activation of SUR2-subtype K(ATP) channels.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗

PubMed2002

Electrical stimulation enhances the survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells in vivo.

In view of recent reports on the survival promotion of damaged spiral ganglion cells and motoneurons by electrical stimulation, we hypothesized that an electrical stimulation of the cut optic nerve (ON) may promote the survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we examined 1 week after ON transection the RGC densities in the retinas with or without electrical stimulation. The densities of surviving RGCs in the retinas with the electrical stimulation increased as compared with those without the electrical stimulation. We concluded that electrical stimulation of the ON enhances the survival of axotomized RGCs in vivo, probably due to electrical activation of their soma.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Effect of simultaneous oblique muscle surgery in foveal translocation by 360 degrees retinotomy.

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of simultaneous oblique muscle surgery during foveal translocation surgery with 360 degrees retinotomy in patients with neovascular maculopathy. METHODS: Foveal translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy was performed on 31 eyes of 31 patients with neovascular maculopathy (21 with age-related macular degeneration 9 with myopic neovascular maculopathy, and 1 with idiopathic neovascular maculopathy). All eyes had simultaneous torsional muscle surgery with recession of the superior oblique muscle and tucking of the inferior oblique muscle. Visual acuity, binocular vision, and degree of cyclotorsion were assessed pre- and postoperatively. The angles of retinal and global rotation, distance of foveal shift, and surgical complications were also investigated. RESULTS: With a mean postoperative follow-up of 10.0 months, vision improved (>0.2 log MAR units) in 13 eyes, was unchanged in 9 eyes, and worsened (>0.2 log MAR units) in 9 eyes. Ten of 31 eyes (32%) had a final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Eleven patients had binocular fusion, 13 patients showed suppression, and 7 patients developed diplopia that was managed by spectacles with prisms or by secondary muscle surgery. The mean retinal and global rotations were 30.3 degrees and 23.7 degrees, respectively. The average size of the choroidal neovascular membrane was 1.3 disc diameters (DD), while the average shift of the fovea was 1.5 DD. After the primary surgery, six eyes developed retinal detachment, two eyes macular hole, and three eyes proliferative vitreoretinopathy. These complications were successfully managed by additional surgery. CONCLUSION: Foveal translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy is effective in restoring vision in 40% of patients with neovascular maculopathy. Simultaneous oblique muscle surgery was effective in rotating the globe by about 20 degrees, corresponding to to a foveal shift of 1.5 DD. While the development of torsional diplopia is generally prevented by simultaneous oblique muscle surgery, the relatively high incidence of surgical complications with this procedure should be taken into account.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Wavefront analysis in eyes with nuclear or cortical cataract.

PURPOSE: To compare the higher-order aberrations of the oculus (whole eye) and cornea in eyes with mild cortical or nuclear cataract and to estimate the effect of ocular higher-order aberrations on the loss of contrast sensitivity using wavefront analysis. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Six eyes of four patients with mild nuclear cataract, 18 eyes of 14 patients with mild cortical cataract, and nine eyes of nine normal patients were examined. Wavefront aberrations of the oculus and cornea for central 6 mm diameter were measured using the Hartmann-Shack (HS) aberrometer. Higher-order aberrations were calculated with Zernike polynomials up to sixth order. The relationship between average lens density (ALD) measured by the Scheimpflug camera and the ocular total higher-order aberration (OTHA) was investigated. The relationship between contrast sensitivity (CS) and the OTHA or ALD was also examined. RESULTS: The OTHA was significantly larger in cataracts compared with normal subjects, while corneal total higher-order aberration did not differ between cataracts and normal subjects. The polarity of spherical aberration was negative in all eyes with nuclear cataract while positive in all eyes with cortical cataract. The correlation between ALD and OTHA was not significant in eyes with cataracts. The CS highly correlated with OTHA while it moderately correlated with ALD. CONCLUSIONS: The HS aberrometer is useful to objectively evaluate the deterioration of images in eyes with mild cataract and it revealed that the polarity of spherical aberration was different between nuclear and cortical cataract. It was also suggested that in mild nuclear or cortical cataract, not only light scattering, but also optical aberration of the lens contributes to the loss of contrast sensitivity.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Effect of tear film break-up on higher-order aberrations measured with wavefront sensor.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether optical wavefront aberrations vary with tear film break-up. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Higher-order aberrations were examined for 20 eyes of 20 normal subjects with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor before and after tear film break-up. RESULTS: Higher-order aberrations for photopic vision (central 4 mm diameter) after tear film break-up increased 1.44 fold compared to higher-order aberrations before tear film break-up (P =.001, paired t-test). Higher-order aberrations after tear film break-up for scotopic vision (central 6 mm diameter) were also 1.23 times higher than those before break-up (P =.005, paired t-test). CONCLUSION: Wavefront sensing enabled us to evaluate the induced irregular astigmatism caused by tear film break-up quantitatively. Wavefront aberrations should be measured carefully to avoid the effects of tear film break-up, especially in wavefront-guided refractive surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Two novel point mutations of the XLRS1 gene in patients with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

PURPOSE: To report two novel point mutations of the XLRS1 gene in two Japanese patients with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis. DESIGN: Observational case reports. METHODS: The exons, including the flanking introns of XLRS1, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and analyzed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: One novel splice donor site mutation (IVS2 + 1g to a) and one missense mutation of exon 6 (Ala211Thr) were found. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic findings identifying mutations in the XLRS1 gene will lead to earlier and more accurate diagnosis of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Reading ability after macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy.

PURPOSE: To report reading ability using a standardized reading chart after macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV). DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: In 34 eyes of 34 patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (AMD, 23; mCNV, 11), macular translocation surgery with 360-degree retinotomy and simultaneous extraocular muscle surgery were performed. The average age was 67.4 +/- 7.9 years, and the average follow-up period was 7.6 +/- 3.3 months. The best-corrected far visual acuity (FVA) was measured with a standardized visual acuity chart using Landolt Cs, and the critical print size (CPS) was determined with the Japanese version of the Minnesota reading chart (MNREAD-J Chart) preoperatively and postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative change in the CPS was compared with the subjective visual improvement as assessed by a questionnaire. RESULTS: The postoperative improvement of FVA was statistically significant in eyes with mCNV (P =.010) but not significant in eyes with AMD (P =.495). The postoperative improvement of CPS was statistically significant both in eyes with AMD (P =.027) and in eyes with mCNV (P =.004). The subjective visual improvement was significantly correlated with the change of CPS in patients after a second better eye surgery. CONCLUSIONS: After macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy, the improvement of reading ability was significant in eyes with both AMD and mCNV. We conclude that this surgical method is well suited to improve reading ability of patients with AMD or mCNV.

Aged↗