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Biomedical subjects

T Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Yasuda.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Forensic application of blood stains and polymorphism of the sixth component of human complement (C6).

Blood samples from 340 unrelated individuals in Fukui prefecture in the central part of Japan were tested in order to determine the gene frequencies of the C6 common alleles. The gene frequencies calculated were as follows: C6 A, 0.478, C6 B, 0.464, C6 B2, 0.052 and rare alleles, 0.006. It was demonstrated that C6 phenotyping from blood stains aged over a period of 1 year, could be performed correctly. The quantity of detectable whole blood after this period amounted to less than 2 microliter.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Detection of coronary artery reperfusion with creatine kinase-MB determinations during thrombolytic therapy: correlation with acute angiography.

Increases in plasma creatine kinase-MB (MB CK) were correlated with the onset of coronary artery reperfusion determined angiographically in 32 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were treated with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Reperfusion occurred in 14 (70%) of 20 patients with left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and in 8 (73%) of 11 patients with right coronary artery occlusion. One patient had persistent left circumflex coronary artery occlusion. Plasma MB CK levels (radioimmunometric assay) did not increase significantly in patients with persistent occlusion, but increased by a mean (+/- SEM) of 8 +/- 1 and 6 +/- 1 times over pretreatment levels at the end of the infusion in patients with a reperfused left anterior descending and right coronary artery, respectively. When a greater than or equal to 2.5-fold increase in MB CK levels at the end of the rt-PA infusion was taken as evidence of reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, 13 (93%) of 14 patients with reperfusion and 5 (83%) of 6 with persistent occlusion were correctly identified. When a greater than or equal to 2.2-fold increase in MB CK levels was used to identify right coronary artery reperfusion, seven (89%) of eight patients with persistent occlusion were correctly identified. The sensitivity and specificity of these indexes, derived from and applied to the same patient group, were 91 and 89%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1988

Continuous monitoring of left ventricular function by an ambulatory radionuclide detector in patients with coronary artery disease.

Global left ventricular function and a modified V5 electrocardiographic (ECG) lead were continuously monitored by a radionuclide recorder in 12 normal subjects and 39 patients with coronary artery disease while the subjects were performing various daily activities. The ambulatory studies revealed that walking on a level surface caused 11 of 12 normal subjects and 18 of 32 patients to increase their left ventricular ejection fraction by greater than 6% units. A transient decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (6 to 18%) lasting greater than or equal to 1 min was observed on 36 occasions in 16 patients with coronary artery disease; 12 episodes were accompanied by chest pain or shortness of breath and 24 were asymptomatic. Electrocardiographic ST segment depression suggestive of ischemia was recorded in 6 of the 12 symptomatic and 5 of the 24 asymptomatic episodes. In 10 of the 12 symptomatic episodes, left ventricular ejection fraction began to decrease 30 to 90 s before the onset of symptoms. These studies suggest that continuous monitoring of both left ventricular function and the ECG may permit stratification of episodes of ST depression suggesting ischemia by the degree of left ventricular dysfunction they produce.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Mechanism of action of cephalosporins and resistance caused by decreased affinity for penicillin-binding proteins in Bacteroides fragilis.

The susceptibilities of 52 clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis to five monoanionic cephalosporins were examined. Cefoperazone showed the highest antibacterial activity, followed by ceftezole, cefazolin, cefamandole, and cephalothin. There were two groups of resistant strains: one group (ca. 15%), of which B. fragilis G-232 was a typical sample, was resistant to ceftezole (MIC, 100 micrograms/ml), cefazolin (MIC, 100 micrograms/ml), and cephalothin (MIC, 200 micrograms/ml) but not cefoperazone (MIC, 6.25 micrograms/ml) or cefamandole (MIC, 25 micrograms/ml). On the basis of studies of stability to beta-lactamase, outer membrane permeation, and affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), we conclude that decreased affinity for PBP 3 may play an important role in the resistance to ceftezole, cefazolin, and cephalothin in B. fragilis G-232. Another group (also ca. 15%), of which B. fragilis G-242 was a representative, was resistant to all five cephalosporins (MIC, 100 to 400 micrograms/ml) and produced a high amount of beta-lactamase. Similar broad-spectrum resistance was seen in a mutant of strain G-232 that had a greater-than-30-fold increase in beta-lactamase production.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Protective effect of piperacillin against nephrotoxicity of cephaloridine and gentamicin in animals.

The protective effect of piperacillin against the nephrotoxicity of cephaloridine and gentamicin was examined in experimental animals. In rabbits, piperacillin was infused at a dose of 1 mg/kg (body weight) per min over 225 min and cephaloridine (300 mg/kg) was intravenously administered as a bolus 45 min after the start of a drip infusion. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in urine were measured as the renal toxicological parameters before and 24 h after cephaloridine dosing. Although the single administration of cephaloridine significantly elevated these parameters, the elevation was prevented by the concomitant administration of piperacillin. The protective effect of piperacillin was superior to those of cephalothin and fosfomycin. In rats, piperacillin (1,000 mg/kg) was intravenously administered and immediately followed by the intramuscular administration of gentamicin (100 mg/kg) every 24 h for 5 days. When piperacillin was concomitantly administered with gentamicin, the elevations of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and urinary NAG were significantly lower than when gentamicin was given alone. The concomitant administration of piperacillin resulted in a significant protective effect against the nephrotoxicity of cephaloridine in rabbits and of gentamicin in rats. Histopathological observation also supported the protective effect of piperacillin. The protective mechanism of piperacillin might be the inhibition of transport from the peritubular side to tubular cells for cephaloridine and from both the peritubular and luminal sides for gentamicin.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Outer membrane permeation of Bacteroides fragilis by cephalosporins.

Outer membrane permeation of Bacteroides fragilis by cephalosporins was examined by a previously described method. The permeation parameters of cephalosporins in B. fragilis were close to 10(-5) cm3/min per microgram of cell dry weight. These values were about an order of magnitude lower than those in Escherichia coli. In B. fragilis, the permeation was not directly proportional to the hydrophilicity of cephalosporins, and the ion selectivity was weak.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Homogeneous liposome lysis assay for determination of anti-streptolysin O antibody titer in serum.

We developed a liposome lysis assay for determining anti-streptolysin O antibodies (ASO) in human sera involving the use of carboxyfluorescein-entrapped multilamellar liposomes. This assay system was based on the inhibition of streptolysin O-induced liposome lysis by ASO. Briefly, after incubation of a given amount of streptolysin O with ASO for 30 min at 37 degrees C, carboxyfluorescein-entrapped liposomes composed of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol in a molar ratio of 1:1 were added to the mixture to determine the residual streptolysin O activity. Liposome lysis, detected as carboxyfluorescein release from the liposomes, was inversely proportional to the ASO titer. The results of within-run and between-run precision studies indicated that the liposome lysis assay is accurate and gives reproducible data. Bilirubin, hemoglobin, and triglycerides did not interfere with the liposome lysis assay. The ASO titers of 100 patient sera, evaluated by our new method and the Rantz-Randall method, showed good correlation.

Antistreptolysin↗
PubMed1988

Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein polymorphism detected in human urine by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting.

Polymorphism of alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) was revealed in human urine by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting on polyacrylamide gels. More than 200 urine samples were examined in this manner and correct AHSG typing of the urine samples was achieved, in comparison with the results of direct grouping for plasma. Three phenotypes, AHSG 1, 2-1 and 2, were observed and found to be determined by two common alleles, AHSG*1 and AHSG*2. The frequencies of AHSG*1 and AHSG*2 calculated in a Japanese population were 0.7637 and 0.2363, respectively.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Rapid and sustained coronary artery recanalization with combined bolus injection of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator and monoclonal antiplatelet GPIIb/IIIa antibody in a canine preparation.

The effects of bolus injections of recombinant single-chain tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and of F(ab')2 fragments of a murine monoclonal antibody (7E3) against the human platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor [7E3-F(ab')2] on coronary arterial thrombolysis and reocclusion was studied in a canine preparation of coronary artery thrombosis superimposed on high-grade stenosis. Bolus intravenous injections of rt-PA at a dose of 0.45 mg/kg, repeated at 15 min intervals until reperfusion occurred (maximum of four injections) caused reperfusion in five of seven dogs within 100 min (33 +/- 15 min, mean +/- SD). Reperfusion was rapidly followed (generally within 10 min) by reocclusion and then by periods of cyclical reflow and reocclusion. A single intravenous injection of 7E3-F(ab')2 alone at 0.8 mg/kg caused reperfusion within 100 min in two of six dogs (19 and 37 min) without subsequent reocclusion. Single bolus injections of different amounts (0.1 to 0.8 mg/kg) of 7E3-F(ab')2 were then combined with bolus injections of 0.45 mg/kg of rt-PA. Stable reperfusion without reocclusion was accomplished with 0.8 or 0.6 mg/kg 7E3-F(ab')2 and a single injection of 0.45 mg/kg rt-PA within 6 +/- 3 min (n = 6, p less than .01) and 8 +/- 5 min (n = 5, p less than .02), respectively. None of these animals suffered reocclusion of the coronary artery. Lower doses (0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg) of 7E3-F(ab')2 did not significantly shorten the time to reperfusion and did not prevent reocclusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Prevention of coronary artery reocclusion and reduction in late coronary artery stenosis after thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A randomized study of maintenance infusion of recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator.

Sixty-eight patients with acute "transmural" myocardial infarction presenting within 6 hours (range, 1.3-5.8 hours) of onset of chest pain were given intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at a dosage of 1 mg/kg during 90 minutes. Coronary angiography at 90 minutes revealed a patent infarct-related coronary artery in 52 patients (76%). These patients were randomized either to treatment by continuous infusion of heparin alone (27 patients) or to treatment by heparin and a maintenance infusion of rt-PA at a dosage of 0.8 mg/kg during 4 hours (25 patients). Coronary angiography was repeated 60 minutes after the start of the maintenance infusion and again after 8-14 days. Acute symptomatic reocclusion of the infarct-related artery occurred during the 1-hour observation period in five (19%) patients treated with heparin alone but in none of the patients treated with rt-PA (p = 0.05). The measured residual stenosis of the patent infarct-related coronary artery was similar in the heparin-treated and the rt-PA-treated groups at 90 minutes infusion: 66 +/- 14% versus 68 +/- 13% diameter stenosis, respectively (mean +/- SD) and 1.1 +/- 1.1 mm2 versus 0.82 +/- 0.7 mm2 area (p = 0.35). At 8-14 days after infusion, residual stenosis was unchanged in the heparin-treated group, but it improved to 55 +/- 17% (p = 0.001) and 1.6 +/- 1.2 mm2 (p = 0.003) in the rt-PA-treated group. At 90 minutes of infusion, residual intraluminal thrombus was observed in 29 of the 52 patients (56%) with a comparably measured distribution in the two groups (p = 0.43). At 150 minutes, however, the extent of intraluminal thrombus was significantly reduced in the rt-PA-treated group as compared with the heparin-treated group (p = 0.03). In-hospital ischemic events (symptomatic reocclusion, unstable angina, or cardiovascular death) occurred in 12 patients of the heparin-treated group but only in three patients of the rt-PA-treated group (p = 0.03). Fibrinogen levels decreased to 65 +/- 21% of baseline at 90 minutes of rt-PA infusion. During the rt-PA maintenance infusion, fibrinogen fell slightly from 63 +/- 26 to 57 +/- 28% (p = 0.18). This study shows that after successful reperfusion with 1 mg/kg rt-PA during 90 minutes, a maintenance infusion of 0.8 mg/kg rt-PA during 4 hours prevents acute symptomatic coronary artery reocclusion, and it reduces the frequency of ischemic events and the severity of residual coronary artery stenosis at hospital discharge.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibody against the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor prevents coronary artery reocclusion after reperfusion with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in dogs.

Localized thrombosis was produced in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of open chest dogs by constricting a segment so as to produce greater than 90% stenosis (reducing blood flow to 40 +/- 10% of baseline), and placing a thrombus in the segment immediately proximal to the stenosis by inducing endothelial cell injury and instilling a mixture of blood and thrombin. Intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at a rate of 15-30 micrograms/kg per min for 30 or 60 min in eight dogs induced coronary artery reperfusion within 23 +/- 7 min (mean +/- SD), but reocclusion occurred despite heparin anticoagulation in all but one of these dogs within 7 +/- 5 min. Intravenous injection of 0.8 mg/kg of the F(ab')2 fragment of a monoclonal antibody (7E3) directed against the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor, prevented reocclusion in 10/10 dogs during an observation period of 2 h (P less than 0.001 vs. rt-PA alone). The antibody abolished ADP-induced platelet aggregation and markedly prolonged the bleeding time. Intravenous aspirin or dipyridamole prevented reocclusion for 1 h or more in only 2/7 and 1/6 dogs, respectively. We conclude that the monoclonal antibody is very effective in preventing reocclusion after successful thrombolysis of occluded coronary arteries with rt-PA.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Forssman glycosphingolipid as an immunohistochemical marker for mouse stromal macrophages in hematopoietic foci.

The immunohistochemical distribution of Forssman glycosphingolipid (GSL) in mouse hematopoietic tissue was examined by using light and electron microscopic immunoperoxidase methods with a highly specific rabbit anti-Forssman GSL antibody. Bone marrow, splenic red pulp, and thymic macrophages, which are closely associated with hematopoietic cells, were stained by the antibody, whereas hematopoietic cells, circulating cells, alveolar macrophages, Kupffer cells, peritoneal resident macrophages, and macrophages derived from granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units cultured in the presence of L-cell-conditioned medium were not stained. In addition, thymic cortical epithelial cells, the framework of reticular cells of the cortical and medullary regions of the mesenteric lymph node and periarterial lymphoid sheath of the spleen, and some vessels of the tissues examined were also stained. After phlebotomy, the fine cytoplasmic processes of Forssman-positive splenic red pulp macrophages were distributed extensively throughout the erythroid colonies. On the other hand, after hypertransfusion, these macrophages retracted their processes, became round, and tended to aggregate. These results indicate that Forssman GSL can be used as an immunohistochemical marker for stromal macrophages in the hematopoietic foci of the bone marrow and splenic red pulp.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Transarterial chemoembolization in metastatic liver tumor after curative resection of pancreatic cancer].

Transarterial chemoembolization was done for 6 cases with metastatic liver tumor after curative resection of pancreatic cancer. Three cases underwent pancreatoduodenectomy and another 3 caudal pancreatectomy. Anticancer effect, which was determined from the survival period and the changes in tumor size and tumor markers (CEA and NSE), was remarkable in a case of adenosquamous carcinoma and one of islet cell carcinoma. However, in another 4 cases with adenocarcinoma, it was not sufficient. With regard to the adverse effect, liver abscess was seen in two cases after pancreatoduodenectomy. Laboratory data before TACE showed that both of these 4 cases had cholangitis. This is in contrast to the fact 2 of the 3 caudal pancreatectomies had cholangitis, too. Therefore, it is concluded that careful selection is necessary, especially for the case after pancreatic head resection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Effectiveness of preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization for improved survival rates in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (sandwich therapy using ethiodized oil, cisplatin and gelatin sponge].

The effect of hepatic transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) therapy was evaluated in 153 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas who underwent radical hepatectomy. They were divided into 3 groups. Group A (n = 56) received preoperative TAE using ethiodized oil, cisplatin and gelatin sponge (sandwich therapy). Group B (n = 29) received preoperative TAE using adriamycin + gelatin sponge, ethiodized oil + adriamycin + gelatin sponge or adriamycin + degradable starch microsphere. Group C (n = 68) did not receive TAE preoperatively. The 3-year disease-free survival rates in Group A, B, and C were 56%, 34% and 32%, respectively. The rate was significantly higher in Group A than Group C (p less than 0.05). The 1-year disease-free survival rates after partial hepatectomy were 89% in Group A (n = 22), 53% in Group B (n = 15) and 67% in Group C (n = 22). The 3-year survival rate of these patients in Group A was significantly higher (95%), compared to Group C (70%) (p less than 0.05). Preoperative TAE using ethiodized oil, cisplatin and gelatin sponge (sandwich therapy) was considered a useful therapy for improvement of disease-free survival rates or survival rates after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Transarterial embolization in the treatment of hepatoma complicated with cirrhosis, esophageal varices and hypersplenism].

A case of hepatoma with cirrhosis for whom hepatectomy was impossible because of a severe complication is reported. The case has been treated with various treatments, so long survival has been obtained. The patient is a 56-year-old female with hepatoma with cirrhosis. The initial symptom was bleeding from esophageal varices. Her condition was not suitable for hepatectomy because of hypersplenism and remarkable hepatic disorder. Consequently, she was given endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices, partial splenic embolization for hypersplenism, and transarterial embolization with ADM, Lipiodol and Spongel powder for hepatoma. Although abdominal pain, pleural effusion and bleeding from gastric ulcer appeared after embolization, esophageal varices and hypersplenism were significantly improved; reduction of 75% of hepatoma was observed and AFP decreased from 18.7 ng to 3 ng. At 12 months after the embolization, there is no sign of hepatoma growth, rupture of esophageal varices or hypersplenism.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗