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Biomedical subjects

T Yao

Publications and source records attributed to T Yao.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Long pedunculated colonic polyp composed of mucosa and submucosa: proposal of a new entity, colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp.

We encountered 15 patients with colonic polyps showing histologic features that did not belong to any of the known categories. All polyps were elongated and drumstick-shaped, with lengths of 12 to 160 (mean, 29 mm) mm. Histologically, the polyps were covered with normal mucosa and consisted of edematous, loose, fibrous, connective tissues and dense, fibrous submucosal layers, often showing dilation of blood vessels and lymphatics. Although the mechanism of generation of such polyps remains unknown, their elongation may be caused by intestinal motion. Because this kind of polyp has not been described previously outside Japan, we here introduce a new type of polyp, which we have proposed calling the colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Double-contrast radiographic assessment of lupus-associated enteropathy.

PURPOSE: To describe the double-contrast radiographic features of lupus-associated enteropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus involving the small bowel were assessed by double-contrast radiography of the duodenum and small intestine, with reference to clinical manifestations and jejunoscopic findings. RESULTS: Lupus-associated enteropathy could be categorized into two types: acute onset enteritis in four patients and protein-losing enteropathy with hyperlipidaemia in two patients. The former group presented with irregular thickening and spiculation in the folds of the multiple segments of the duodenum to the terminal ileum, and they were frequently accompanied by thumbprinting, suggestive of ischaemic change. The latter group was characterized by mildly thickened folds with multiple submucosal nodules in the upper portion of the jejunum. In one patient from this group, jejunal biopsy demonstrated lymphangiectasia. Both groups were successfully treated by high-dose prednisolone. Follow-up radiography in the former group showed a complete improvement within 2-7 weeks, whereas radiographic abnormalities in the latter remained even after 2 months. CONCLUSIONS: Lupus-associated enteropathy cases may be divisible into two types; an acute ischaemic enteritis type and a protein-losing enteropathy type, each presenting distinct radiographic features.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Identification of upregulated genes in the thymus of spontaneously hypertensive rats by cDNA representational difference analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate molecular events associated with thymus dysfunction in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), we analysed the difference in gene expression of the thymus between SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. METHODS: cDNA representational difference analysis (cDNA-RDA) was applied to compare the gene expression in the thymus between SHR and WKY. The difference products of cDNA-RDA were cloned into pBluescript SK (+) for differential screening. The positive clones were sequenced, and the sequences were analysed using the BLAST program for the homology search. Northern blot analysis was used to confirm the results of differential screening. RESULTS: The results of differential screening showed that eight genes were over-expressed in the thymus of SHR. Comparison of eight sequences against the databases identified four known and four novel genes. The known genes included cathepsin B, AT1-46, cytochrome C oxidase subunit I and metastasis suppressor homolog (KAI1). Two of the novel genes are members of immunoglobulin superfamily genes, and the rest of the novel genes have no significant homology to non-redundant GenBank + EMBL + DDBJ + PDB. By Northern blot hybridization, cathepsin B and clone #7 (GenBank accession #AF106623) genes were confirmed to be overexpressed in the SHR thymus. CONCLUSION: cDNA-RDA combined with differential screening can be used to detect easily the differentially regulated genes in two comparable tissues. The eight isolated genes are good clues toward understanding the development and function of SHR thymus.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of tetradecyl pyridyl bromide in waste water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry].

A indirect method for the determination of tetradecyl pyridyl bromide (TPB) was established (TPB) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). TPB was combined with cadmium tetrathocyanate to make neutral ion association compounds, which are extracted into xylene. The concentration of TPB can be indirectly determined by the absorption of cadmium in xylene layer with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The linear range of TPB is 0.03-0.80 mg/L. The sensitivity is 0.0212 mg/L x 1%. When the method was applied to the analysis of waste water, the recovery is from 98% to 104% and the RSD is less than 9.16%.

Hydrocarbons, Brominated↗
PubMed1998

[The application of frequency-domain harmonics-to-noise ratio in the acoustic analysis of the normal voice and the abnormal voice].

The frequency-domain relative harmonics-to-noise ratios were analysed in 36 normal women and 30 patients who had suffered from abnormal voice. The result indicated: the frequency-domain relative harmonics-to-noise ratios of the normal voice were distributed stably and the relative harmonics-to-noise ratios of the diseased voice differed obviously from that of the normal one above 1,700 Hz (P < 0.01). The frequency-domain relative harmonics-to-noise ratio was considered as a valuable parameter in distinguishing normal voice and diseased voice.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of mephenytoin enantiomers in human urine using chiral capillary chromatography and its application in metabolism polymorphism study].

The determination of mephenytoin enantiomers in human urine using chiral capillary chromatography is described. MP in urine was extracted with using dichloroethane and the organic layer was washed with acidic and basic aqueous solution. The organic phase was evaporated to dryness under nitrogen on water bath (55 degrees C). The residue was dissolved in 10 microL ethyl acetate and 1 microL was injected into the GC. MP enantiomers was separated on a Chirasil-Val SFOT column with nitrogen as carrier gas and FID as detector. The linear relationship was obtained over the concentration range of 115-690 micrograms/L (r = 0.9913 for S-MP and r = 0.9934 for R-MP) with a detection limit of 60 ng MP enantiomers/mL urine. The recoveries were 74.41% for S-MP and 73.78% for R-MP. The relative standard deviation within day and between days were less than 6.5%. The method was used to study the metabolism polymorphism of 32 volunteers. The S/R ratio was calculated to express interindividual variation in metabolism, in which, the S/R ratio of 5 subjects was more than 0.95, as the poor metabolizers and that of the others was less than 0.8, as the extensive metabolizers.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of aluminium in healthy person's hair by FAAS and FAES].

In this paper, two methods of N2O/C2H2 FAAS and FAES are applied to determine aluminium in healthman hair. The requirement of determination, interferences of inorganic ions and organic substances and the results of determination are contrasted respectively. It is shown experimently that the interference ratio of substances, accuracy, sensitivity and recovery ratio of FAES are superior to FAAS at 396.1 nm wavelength in acidity medium. The RSD (n = 9) of FAES and FAAS are 2.2 and 2.7% respectively and detect limit is 0.07 microg/mL for FAES and 0.25 microg/mL for FAAS. The recovery ratio of adding 20.0 microg aluminium to 1.0 g hair samples are 96.5-105.0% and 93.5-106.5% respectively.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1998

B-cell monoclonality precedes the development of gastric MALT lymphoma in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis.

Little is known about the temporal changes in Helicobacter pylori density and B-cell clonality during the evolution from chronic gastritis to gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Biopsied specimens from 28 patients with chronic gastritis who developed gastric MALT lymphoma (group A) and from 24 similar patients who did not (group B) during an equivalent follow-up period (mean, 42 months) were retrospectively scored for histological features of MALT lymphoma (0 to 5) and H. pylori density (0 to 3). B-cell clonality was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). During the observation period, the H. pylori density in group A decreased significantly in comparison with group B; the mean change in H. pylori density (final minus initial density) per 1000 days was -1.4 for group A and +0.2 for group B (P < 0.005). Monoclonality was detected more frequently in group A (79%) than in group B (21%; P < 0.005), and it preceded the histological evidence of malignant transformation in 64% of those patients who showed monoclonality in group A. These results suggest that H. pylori is thus more closely associated with the precursor or initial phase in the genesis of gastric MALT lymphoma than with the later phase, as its density decreases as the tumor progresses. The detection of B-cell monoclonality by PCR is thus of possible use for predicting the histological genesis of gastric lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term clinical course and prognosis of patients with Crohn's disease].

The aim of the present study is to clarify long-term clinical course, prognosis and factors influencing prognosis of patients with Crohn's disease suffering for more than 10 years. Sixty-eight patients (47 males, 21 females) with Crohn's disease in whom the clinical course could observed well at our hospital for more than 10 years were studied. We classified these patients into three groups (good, fair, bad) according to their changes of IOIBD assessment score. And we compaired some clinical factors in these groups to clarify factors influencing prognosis. The results were as follows: 1) Twelve patients (18%) were in good prognosis group, and 24 patients (35%) in fair one, and 32 patients (47%) in bad one. 2) IOIBD assessment score at the time of diagnosis, site of leision, and radiographic findings at the time of diagnosis showed significant difference between bad prognosis group and the other two groups. Although there have been many reports that Crohn's disease is generally progressive, our results indicated that more than half of the patients showed favorable prognosis during the follow-up period for more than ten years.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Inflammatory bowel disease--Crohn's disease].

Acute massive hemorrhage from CD occurred in 3.0% in our institution. Forty CD patients with massive hemorrhage were reported in last 20 years in Japan. The ratio of male to female was 7.0. Ninety percent of them complicated the small intestinal CD. Massive bleeding was seen mostly in the ileum (82.5%) and next was in the colon (12.5%). However massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage is not often complicated in Crohn's disease, acute massive hemorrhage is occasionally critical. Therefore it is considered that CD should be treated carefully.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Synchronous and metachronous primary gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma: a clinicopathological study of 12 patients.

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of both malignant gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in the same patient is very rare. METHODS: The resected specimens from 12 patients who had both primary gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Two different tumors were found synchronously in 10 patients (5 with independent tumors and 5 with contiguous/collision tumors) and metachronously in 2. The size of the lymphomas (mean, 7.2 cm) was larger than that of the adenocarcinomas (mean, 3.6 cm) (P < 0.005). Histologically, 9 of the 12 lymphomas (75%) were mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, and all lymphomas invaded the deep portion of the submucosa or deeper. Conversely, 10 of the 12 adenocarcinomas (83%) were early carcinomas. Six adenocarcinomas were intestinal type, whereas the other 6 were diffuse type. The MIB-1 index of the adenocarcinomas (mean, 50.4%) was higher than that of the lymphomas (mean, 29.3%) (P < 0.05). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was documented in all 12 patients, whereas Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA 1 was detected in only 2. During the follow-up period after surgery, 6 patients died, 4 due to adenocarcinoma. The survival probability of all 12 patients appeared to be similar to that of previously reported patients with gastric adenocarcinoma alone, and was significantly worse than that of the 217 patients with gastric lymphoma alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An H. pylori infection is considered to be associated with the development of these double malignancies. In many such synchronously observed cases, lymphomas may precede carcinogenesis, while the prognosis appears to be more closely associated with the adenocarcinoma than the lymphoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Helicobacter pylori and primary gastric lymphoma. A histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 237 patients.

BACKGROUND: Few previous articles have analyzed the relation between infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and primary gastric lymphoma in a large number of patients. METHODS: Resected and biopsied specimens from 237 patients with primary gastric lymphoma were investigated for H. pylori using hematoxylin and eosin stain, modified Giemsa stain, and immunohistochemistry. These specimens were compared with specimens from 29 patients with chronic active gastritis, 33 with peptic ulcers, and 41 with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: H. pylori was detected in 145 of 237 patients (61%) with gastric lymphoma. The frequency of H. pylori positivity was higher in patients with lymphoma restricted to the mucosa and submucosa (76%) than in those with lymphoma invading beyond the submucosa (48%) (P < 0.001), and was also higher in patients with low grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (72%) than in those with high grade tumors (55%) (P < 0.05). The frequency of H. pylori positivity in patients with lymphoma was lower than in those with chronic active gastritis (100%) (P < 0.001) or peptic ulcer (91%) (P < 0.05). In patients with lymphoma restricted to the mucosa and the superficial portion of the submucosa, the frequency of H. pylori positivity (90%) was as high as that observed in patients with chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer. The H. pylori grading score for patients with lymphoma (0.9 +/- 1.0) was lower than for those with chronic active gastritis (1.9 +/- 0.8) (P < 0.001), peptic ulcers (2.2 +/- 1.0) (P < 0.001), or gastric carcinoma (1.2 +/- 1.1) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that H. pylori is more likely to be associated with early states of primary gastric lymphoma than with advanced states. Thus, H. pylori may disappear during the progression of primary gastric lymphoma.

Adolescent↗