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Biomedical subjects

T Yano

Publications and source records attributed to T Yano.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Below-elbow joint arterial reconstruction for chronic ischaemia.

Ten below-elbow joint arterial bypass grafts performed in nine patients for chronic upper extremity ischaemia are reviewed. The cause of the ischaemia was thromboangiitis obliterans in four patients, iatrogenic trauma in four and unknown aetiology in one. Graft revision was required in two patients with thromboangiitis obliterans who underwent axillary-brachial bypass. Eight grafts, including one reoperation, have remained patent from 1 to 10 years (mean 54.3 months). Graft failure after 5 months did not occur, at which time the primary patency rate was 80%. In general, the long-term patency rates of autogenous vein bypass graft to the forearm were satisfactory. Aggressive arterial reconstruction is especially indicated in significant chronic upper extremity ischaemia resulting from iatrogenic trauma, as chances of success are excellent. Clinical and technical problems of in situ vein bypass in the upper extremity are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Oxidative stress as a modulating factor of pulmonary tumorigenesis in mice; comparative study on two different strains.

1. Glycerol treatment enhanced NADH- and NADPH-driven active oxygen formation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the lungs of ddY mice treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO). 2. A glycerol-associated effect on active oxygen formation and TBARS was not observed in the lungs of A/J mice treated with 4NQO. 3. The differences in the changes of active oxygen formation and TBARS by glycerol treatment between two strains was in agreement with the difference in the enhancing effect of glycerol on 4NQO-induced pulmonary tumorigenesis in mice. This indicates that the alteration in the levels of NADH- and NADPH-driven active oxygen formation and TBARS in the lungs could play a significant role in the enhancement of tumorigenesis associated with glycerol.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1993

Phenotypic and functional modulation of interleukin-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibody.

For effective adoptive cancer immunotherapy, not only killer lymphocytes (cytotoxic T cells or NK cells) but also helper T cells are considered to be beneficial. The conventional culture of human lymphocytes with high-dose of recombinant interleukin -2 (rIL-2) yields a high proportion of killer cells (CD8+ or CD56+ cells) but is usually accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of CD4+ cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (10 ng/ml) in the absence of rIL-2 during the initial 48-hr period of cultivation followed by the addition of rIL-2 (200 Japan reference units/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3-rIL-2) resulted in CD4+ cells expanding 8.0- to 63.3-fold at day 12-14. When PBMC were cultivated with rIL-2 alone, or with rIL-2 together with anti-CD3 initially, CD4+ cells expanded 1.7-6.2- or 5.7-36.9-fold, respectively. The expansion of CD4+ cells from PBMC in the anti-CD3-rIL-2 cultures was enhanced by the addition of anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody at the initiation of cultures (500 ng/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2) (12.1- to 127.8-fold expansion). The anti-CD3-rIL-2 and anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures also demonstrated a lesser expansion of CD3-CD56+ cells (NK cells). The PBMC in the anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures showed low cytotoxic activity per cell; however, the cytotoxic activity per total culture was comparable to that of PBMC expanded with rIL-2 alone because of the larger total expansion of the former culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actins↗
PubMed1993

Malignant astrocytoma with extracranial metastases: a case report.

A 41-year-old man was referred to this hospital after being diagnosed as suffering from malignant astrocytoma. In spite of two operations and subsequent chemoradiation therapy, the patient died 20 months after the onset of disease. At autopsy, the authors found skin invasion of tumor at left temporal region, softening of the brain and subarachnoid hemorrhage at the base of the brain. Yellowish-white bulging lesions were found at the bottom of left lung, diaphragm and parietal pleura. Histologically, primary lesion showed features of anaplastic malignant astrocytoma. Subarachnoid dissemination was noted at the base of the brain and in the spinal canal. Invasion into the vessels were observed both at the primary site and at the base of the brain. Glial fibrillary acidic protein positive spindle-shaped tumor cells proliferation was seen in the metastatic lesions. This case was diagnosed as malignant astrocytoma with remote extracranial metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Results of pulmonary resection of metastatic colorectal cancer and its application.

A resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer was performed in 27 patients. The cumulative 5-year survival after thoracotomy was 41.1%. Patients with either one or two metastases had a significantly better survival, with a 5-year survival of 54.3%, than did those with a greater degree of metastases (p < 0.01). Other factors including the disease-free interval, size of metastases, type of pulmonary resection, and stage of primary cancer had no apparent influence on post-thoracotomy survival. Furthermore, the presence of controlled hepatic metastases had no adverse effect on survival and did not seem to contraindicate pulmonary resection. The lung and primary colorectal region were the major sites of recurrence. Therefore, the primary colorectal site should be explored thoroughly and the number of metastases should be carefully considered when pulmonary resection is considered for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Utility of measurement of tumor markers for preoperative staging of gastric cancer].

In 120 operated cases of gastric cancer, nine tumor makers (serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), serum beta 2-microglobulin (s-BMG), urine beta 2-microglobulin (mu-BMG), serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and sialic acid (SA)) were determined before operation, to explore distribution patterns, positive rates, and relationships among these markers. And, we explored tumor markers which would be useful in preoperative assessment of the cancer stage and feasibility of radical treatment. The following results were obtained. 1. The distribution of all tumor markers was close to normal logarithmic distribution. 2. The positive rate was high in the order of IAP > TPA > CEA > CA19-9 >s-BMG > SA > u-BMG > CA125 > AFP. 3. Strong correlations were observed between IAP and SA, between CA125 and TPA. 4. The optimum combination of markers for diagnosis of the cancer stage was IAP + CA19-9 + CA125 and the optimum combination for assessment of the feasibility of radical treatment was IAP + CA125 + TPA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Peduncular hallucination in brain stem cavernous angioma: a case report].

A case of brain stem cavernous angioma associated with peduncular hallucination is reported. A 68-year-old man was admitted with complaints of left sensory disturbance. On the evening of the first hospital day, he developed vividly formed hallucinations. The hallucinations were accompanied by sleep disturbance and agitation. At approximately 2:00 am, he began to feel as though he could see his daughter watching television in a room. At one point he saw vivid pictures. MRI revealed a round mass with a mixed signal intensity core surrounded by a low signal intensity rim in the right brain stem. On the 10th hospital day, there were no hallucinations. On October 12th suboccipital craniectomy was performed and cavernous angioma and the surrounding hematoma was partially removed. Soon after that the patient was discharged with improvement of both ocular movement and left-sided sensory disturbance.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A mechanism of vitamin E-enhanced active oxygen formation in concanavalin A-stimulated alveolar macrophage.

Vitamin E had an enhancing effect on active oxygen generation in concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated alveolar macrophages (AMs) of rats. An inhibitor against protein kinase C (PKC) 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7) suppressed a large part of this vitamin E-related effect, but a calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7) did not inhibit the increase of active oxygen formation by vitamin E treatment. These results suggest that the activation of PKC presumably relates to the enhancing effect of vitamin E on active oxygen formation in Con A-stimulated AMs.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1993

Active oxygen formation in alveolar macrophage and pulmonary tumorigenesis.

Glycerol enhances pulmonary tumorigenesis in mice treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO). In order to evaluate factors that contribute to the enhancing effect of glycerol on 4NQO-induced pulmonary tumorigenesis, we selected alveolar macrophage (AM) as a source of active oxygen formation in the lung and investigated the effects of glycerol on active oxygen formation in AMs treated with 4NQO. AMs were stimulated with opsonized zymosan, and active oxygen formation in AMs was examined after stimulation. Continuous glycerol treatment within 4 weeks after 4NQO injection has no influence on the capacity of active oxygen generation in AMs (expressed as maximum count of chemiluminescence) and the total amount of active oxygen generation in AMs (expressed as total count of chemiluminescence). These results suggest that active oxygen formation in AMs does not contribute to enhance 4NQO-induced pulmonary tumorigenesis in mice treated with glycerol.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1993

Postoperative motor function and mucosal blood flow of lower esophagus: comparison between terminal esophagoproximal gastrectomy and esophageal transection for esophageal varices.

Reflux esophagitis and anastomotic ulcer are potential complications associated with surgery for esophagogastric lesions. This study compared 10 cases following terminal esophagoproximal gastrectomy (TEPG) for esophageal varices and 20 cases following esophageal transection (ET) for esophageal varices with respect to postoperative motor function and mucosal blood supply, to ascertain the reason for the development of anastomotic ulcer. Endoscopic findings showed that anastomotic ulcers were detected more often after TEPG than after TR. Maximum swallowing pressure, high pressure zone pressure, and length did not differ between the two groups. However, maximum swallowing pressure in the lower esophagus after both procedures was significantly lower than in the control group (20 cases; p < 0.01). The results, measured by reflectance spectrophotometry, showed that the index of esophageal mucosal blood volume following TEPG is significantly lower than that following ET and in non-operated esophageal varices (10 cases; p < 0.01). Yet the index of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin was similar in the three groups. This study has demonstrated that patients undergoing TEPG have mucosal ischemia of the lower esophagus, causing the development of anastomotic ulcers.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

[A case report underwent simultaneous CEA and CABG followed by FPB].

A case of 67-year-old man with stenoses of both carotid arteries, double vessel diseases of coronary arteries, and left superficial femoral artery obstruction, for which surgical treatments were performed, is herein reported. He was in HYHA class IV because of unstable angina pectoris and pain in the left leg and in the state of chronic renal and hepatic disorders which made his condition worse. Coronary angiography showed stenoses in the origin of the right coronary artery and in the proximal left anterior descending artery at the degrees of about 95% and 90%, respectively. Carotid arteriography revealed both internalcarotid artery stenoses over 90%. The left carotid endarteractomy was not indicated because of presence of obstructive lesions of intracranial arteries in the left side. He underwent simultaneous surgery for the coronary and carotid occlusive diseases. He gained consciousness at the post operative 1st day and underwent left femoroperoneal saphenous vein bypass at the post operative 2nd day. He is leading a normal life without angina pectoris, left intermittent claudication and neurological deficit and has been followed up for 9 months postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Chemotherapy with cisplatin and daily administration of UFT for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer].

A combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and UFT was administered to fourteen patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. To determine the maximum safety dose of UFT combined with CDDP (80 mg/m2), patients were assigned to three groups as follows: step 1: UFT (400 mg/m2) from day 1 to day 14; step 2: from day 1 to day 21; step 3: from day 1 to day 28. Cisplatin was administered on day 8 in each group. Myelosuppression with grade 3-4 and gastrointestinal toxicity of grade 3 were observed in one and two patients, respectively. The other toxicity was mild. There was no difference in the degree of toxicity among the three groups. The response rate of twelve evaluable patients was 50%; CR 0, PR 6, NC 4 and PD 2. Thus, chemotherapy using cisplatin 80 mg/m2 with daily administration of UFT 400 mg/m2 was considered to be well tolerated and effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Hypotonic cisplatin treatment for carcinomatous pleuritis found at thoracotomy in patients with lung cancer. In vitro experiments and preliminary clinical results.

We have developed an intraoperative intrapleural treatment with the use of distilled water combined with cisplatin for carcinomatous pleuritis found at thoracotomy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. In the in vitro experiment, three different cell lines were used as a model of malignant pleural effusion. Cell growth was examined after a 3-day culture, which was preceded by exposure of the cells to cisplatin in either phosphate-buffered saline solution or distilled water for 1/2 to 5 minutes. The growth inhibition of tumor cells after hypotonic cisplatin treatment was significantly greater than after treatment with saline solution and cisplatin. Tumor that was obtained by resection of non-small-cell lung cancer was used as a model to demonstrate decreased viability of the tumor after exposure to hypotonic cisplatin. The viability of the tumor in a 6-day culture, preceded by exposure to hypotonic cisplatin (50 micrograms/ml) for 10 minutes, was markedly decreased. Intraoperative intrapleural hypotonic cisplatin was instilled in seven patients with pleural carcinomatosis without side effects and with control of pleural dissemination and pleural effusion for 6 to 29 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Is T factor of the TNM staging system a predominant prognostic factor in pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer ? A multivariate prognostic factor analysis of 151 patients.

We attempted to clarify whether the T factor of the TNM staging system should be viewed as a predominant prognostic factor in patients with pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer when analyzed together with various histopathologic factors and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy pattern of tumors. We studied 151 patients who were in this stage. Histopathologic factors used in the analysis were as follows: histologic cell type (squamous or nonsquamous cell carcinoma), grade of differentiation, and tumor invasion of visceral pleura and vessels. Deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy pattern of tumors was analyzed by flow cytometry, and the tumors were classified as diploid or aneuploid tumors. Significant prognostic factors (p < 0.05) that were demonstrated by univariate analysis of survival curves were as follows: (1) T1 versus T2; (2) well versus moderately or poorly differentiated tumor; (3) the absence versus presence of tumor exposed on pleura, (4) artery invasion, (5) lymphatic vessel invasion; and (6) diploid versus aneuploid tumor. Multivariate prognostic factor analysis showed the grade of differentiation and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy pattern to be predominant prognostic factors. The T2 tumor group had significantly more cases with tumor invasion of lymphatic vessels that did the T1 tumor group and included 18 cases with tumor exposed on pleura. When these two factors were excluded from multivariate analysis, the T factor was marginally significant (p = 0.08). These observations suggest that the T factor is not necessarily a predominant prognostic factor in pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Clustered mutations in the second exon of the MYC gene in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma.

The primary tumors from 15 untreated patients with Burkitt's lymphoma were analysed for abnormalities in the coding region of the MYC gene by single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis followed by DNA sequencing. Fourteen of the 15 tumors had one or more clonal mutations. Forty one mutations were found in the second exon; only one occurred in the third exon. Seven tumors had mutations that clustered in a region spanning amino acids 38-63. Four of these possessed mutations that altered prolines at positions 57 (3), 60 (1), and 63 (1). Seven tumors were mutated in the central portions of the second exon. These occurred at position 95 (2), position 115 (2), position 137 (1), and position 138 (3). Analysis of the published sequences from five lymphoma cell lines and one primary tumor showed a similar clustering of mutations, with all six having mutations in codons between positions 38-63. The regions where mutations occurred have been associated with a variety of properties, including transcriptional activation and cellular transformation. The number and location of mutations showed no correlation with either chromosome 8 or chromosome 14 breakpoints or with the Epstein-Barr virus positivity of the tumors. This unexpected, frequent occurrence of clustered mutations in the second exon of the MYC gene suggests a role for the mutated MYC proteins in the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma, possibly through altered interactions of this domain with other cellular factors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

High potency of a new bombesin antagonist (RC-3095) in inhibiting serum gastrin levels; comparison of different routes of administration.

This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and duration of action of a new bombesin antagonist D-Tpi6,Leu13 psi (CH2NH)Leu14-bombesin (6-14) (RC-3095), given by different routes of administration, in suppressing gastrin releasing-peptide (GRP(14-27))-stimulated gastrin release in rats. First, we showed that GRP(14-27) itself was highly active when administered by different routes. GRP(14-27), given to rats at a dose of 25 micrograms/100 g b.w. significantly increased serum gastrin levels 3 and 6 min after intravenous and for more than 30 min after subcutaneous administration or pulmonary inhalation. RC-3095 was then injected subcutaneously, intravenously and also delivered by pulmonary inhalation at a dose of 10 micrograms/100 g b.w. in each case to seven male rats 2, 30, 60 or 120 min prior to i.v. administration of 5 micrograms GRP(14-27). RC-3095 administered 2 min prior to GRP(14-27) decreased the gastrin response to GRP(14-27), measured as area under the curve, by 81% in the intravenously injected group and 64% in the pulmonary inhalation group in the first 6 min. When GRP(14-27), was given 30 min after administration of RC-3095, the gastrin response was decreased by 52% in the subcutaneous group, 49% in the pulmonary inhalation group and 11% in the intravenous group during the first 6 min. RC-3095 delivered subcutaneously or by pulmonary inhalation 1 h before GRP(14-27) was also able to significantly inhibit gastrin release. Analysis of the data revealed that the bioavailability of RC-3095 given by the pulmonary inhalation route was about 69% of the s.c. route.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

Stimulation by bombesin and inhibition by bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide antagonist RC-3095 of growth of human breast cancer cell lines.

Recently, it was reported that bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) have mitogenic effects on some human breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effects of bombesin/GRP and its receptor antagonist (RC-3095) on the proliferation of three breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 MIII, and MCF-7. Stimulation by bombesin and inhibition by RC-3095 of cell growth were found in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 MIII cells cultured in phenol red-free medium with 5% heat-inactivated and dextran-coated charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum (DCC-FBS). A stimulatory effect by bombesin was not observed in the presence of untreated FBS. [3H]Thymidine incorporation into DNA in these cells was suppressed by RC-3095. MCF-7 cells failed to respond to bombesin and RC-3095 in the presence of either FBS or DCC-FBS. GRP-like immunoreactivity was found in the cell extracts and FBS, but it was undetectable in DCC-FBS. It appears that the stimulatory effect of bombesin on cell proliferation of MCF-7 MIII and MDA-MB-231 cell lines could be obtained because of reduction in the levels of some serum factors in DCC-FBS. These results suggest that bombesin/GRP can act as growth factors through bombesin/GRP receptors in some human breast cancers.

Bombesin↗