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Biomedical subjects

T Y Chung

Publications and source records attributed to T Y Chung.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Immunomodulating effects of CKBM on the cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers.

The current study investigated the immunomodulating effect of CKBM on cytokine induction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 20 healthy volunteers. Cytometric Bead Analysis (CBA) was used to study IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were significantly increased in a CKBM dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis showed an increased intracellular staining of IL-6 but not of TNF-alpha in CKBM treated PBMCs. In addition, MTT cell cytotoxicity assay showed that CKBM concentrations below 5% did not significantly affect the metabolic activities of PBMCs. The current study indicated that CKBM may modulate the immune response by inducing the secretions of TNF-alpha and IL-6, which are cytokine mediators of innate immunity and inflammation preparing or "priming" the body to combat diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Cerclage wiring in displaced both-column fractures of the acetabulum.

We evaluated the effect of cerclage wiring in the open reduction and internal fixation of displaced both-column fractures of the acetabulum. This was a prospective clinical evaluation of such cases where the main surgical strategy was open reduction and internal fixation with cerclage wire and supplemental reconstruction plates. Data on 35 cases treated by open reduction (all via the triradiate approach)/internal fixations with cerclage wire and reconstruction plates were collected. The follow-up period was 40 months (18-69). Reduction with a fracture gap of less than 2 mm without articular stepping was achieved in all 35 cases. Postoperative complications developed in seven cases, including subcutaneous haematoma in two, wound infection in two and heterotopic ossification in three. All the complications had no adverse effect on the clinical outcome, and all the cases had good to excellent final results. Cerclage wiring is very useful and effective in the reduction and fixation of displaced both-column fractures of the acetabulum, and supplemental fixation with reconstruction plates and screws is necessary.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2000

Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis.

Non-redundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from six different organs at various developmental stages of Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis. Of the 1,295 ESTs, 915 (71%) showed significantly high homology in nucleotide or deduced amino acid sequences with other sequences deposited in databases, while 380 did not show similarity to any sequences. Briefly, 598 ESTs matched with proteins of identified biological function, 177 with hypothetical proteins or non-annotated Arabidopsis genome sequences, and 140 with other ESTs. About 82% of the top-scored matching sequences were from Arabidopsis or Brassica, but overall 558 (43%) ESTs matched with Arabidopsis ESTs at the nucleotide sequence level. This observation strongly supports the idea that gene-expression profiles of Chinese cabbage differ from that of Arabidopsis, despite their genome structures being similar to each other. Moreover, sequence analyses of 21 Brassica ESTs revealed that their primary structure is different from those of corresponding annotated sequences of Arabidopsis genes. Our data suggest that direct prediction of Brassica gene expression pattern based on the information from Arabidopsis genome research has some limitations. Thus, information obtained from the Brassica EST study is useful not only for understanding of unique developmental processes of the plant, but also for the study of Arabidopsis genome structure.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed2000

The effect of posterior capsulorrhaphy in primary total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomized study.

Between 1994 and 1997, 180 cases of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) were performed with the posterior (Moore) approach for a variety of indications and studies prospectively. The cases were separated randomly into 2 groups to evaluate the effect of posterior capsulorrhaphy in the prevention of postoperative dislocation. In group 1 (96 cases), closure of the arthroplasty was performed with a posterior capsulorrhaphy; in group 2 (84 cases), closure was performed without capsulorrhaphy. The follow-up period was 38 months (range, 12-60 months). No dislocations occurred in group 1, whereas 2 dislocations (2.3%) occurred in group 2. Although the factors affecting dislocation in primary THA are many, a posterior capsulorrhaphy may be helpful in the prevention of posterior dislocation of primary THA performed with a posterior approach.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1997

Promoter sequences of two homologous pectin esterase genes from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) and pollen-specific expression of the GUS gene driven by a promoter in tobacco plants.

The promoter regions of two genomic clones, GBAN215-6 and GBAN215-12 from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis), were sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of their promoter regions were compared with that of the Bp19 pollen-specific gene of Brassca napus. High nucleotide sequence homologies were observed among these three genes in the region between 210 bp upstream and the putative transcription start site. A sequence motif TGTGGTG, which is similar to that of the PB core motif (TGTGGTT) of two tomato pollen-specific genes, LAT52 and LAT56, was present in these two cloned genes. To determine regulatory sequences responsible for the anther-specific expression of the gene BAN215-6, two recombinant plasmids, pBPE3 (-274- + 109) and pBPE4 (-816- + 109) containing different lengths of the promoter fused with the GUS gene, were constructed and introduced into tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The result showed that the 383 bp (-274- + 109) of the BAN215-6 promoter region was sufficient for the anther-specific expression of the GUS gene. The GUS expression in a tobacco plants transformed with these constructs was first detected in uninucleate microspores and persisted at in vitro germinated pollen tubes. The expression level was increased during anther development, reaching the highest level in mature pollens.

Brassica↗
PubMed1997

Characterization of three anther-specific genes isolated from Chinese cabbage.

Two cDNA libraries were constructed from poly(A)+ RNAs isolated from each of immature flowers (less than 2.0 mm long buds) and anthers (2.0-5.0 mm long buds) of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis). Using dot-differential hybridization, three cDNA clones, designated BIF38, BAN54, and BAN237, have been isolated from the constructed cDNA libraries and sequenced completely in both directions. Northern blot analyses indicate that all three cDNA clones are abundantly expressed in anther, but not in leaf or other floral organs. The deduced amino acid sequences of BIF38, BAN54, and BAN237 showed high identity with those of known anther-specific genes. Especially the deduced amino acid sequence of BIF38 has 98% identity with that of a phospholipid protein gene (E2) from Brassica napus. Also, the deduced amino acid sequences of BAN54 and BAN237 are similar to the sequences of microspore-specific genes (Bp4A and Bp4C) and pollen oleosins (13, pol3 and C98), respectively. Southern blot analyses revealed that all three genes belong to multiple gene families in the Chinese cabbage genome.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Water diffusivity in starch-based systems.

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of structure, and component interactions, on the sorption and transport properties of water in starch-based systems. We compared the effective diffusivity (Deff) of water in two starches, with differing amylose-amylopectin ratios, using either kinetics of water adsorption or analysis of drying curves (water desorption) to estimate Deff. The effect of incorporating small sugar molecules into the granular or gelatinized starch matrices on Deff was measured by drying curve analysis. To investigate the possible mechanisms of water transport, the porosity and microscopic appearance of the samples at different stages of drying were determined. In a complementary study, sorption isotherms and the number of accessible "binding" sites in the starch and starch-sugar systems were determined using gravimetric analysis and inverse gas chromatography (IGC) 'probe analysis'. In the case of the starch-sugar systems, the measurements were made after the components had been 'mechanically mixed', or after more intimate mixing had been achieved by a co-freeze-drying process. The Deff of the starches was found to depend, in a complex way, on the moisture content of the samples. At relatively high moisture contents, the predominant mode of water transport was by liquid diffusion. As the samples became drier, their porosity increased, and the predominant mode of moisture transport was by vapor phase diffusion. As the samples became very dry (less than 10% water content), Deff fell significantly. Incorporation of sugars, in general, led to a reduction of Deff, which was correlated with a corresponding fall in porosity. In agreement with the findings of other workers, for the starches studied, the value of Deff determined from water adsorption measurements was significantly less than Deff determined from water desorption (drying curve analysis). The form of the Deff versus moisture content relationship was, however, independent of the method of measurement (adsorption or desorption). The water sorption and IGC probe analysis results indicated that some physicochemical interaction was expedited by the freeze-drying process. This interaction was manifested by a reduction in water sorption at a given relative vapor pressure, and by major changes in the accessibility of the co-freeze-dried samples to organic probe molecules. Taken together, the results indicate that water transport (diffusion) in starches and in starch-sugar mixtures is dependent significantly on gross structural features (development of porosity during drying), but that specific molecular, physico-chemical interactions must also be considered.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1991

Cardiovascular effects of bPTH-(1-34) and isoproterenol in the frog, Rana tigrina.

1. The cardiovascular effects of bovine parathyroid hormone fragment [bPTH-(1-34)] and isoproterenol (ISO) on frog (Rana tigrina) isolated atria and helical strips of blood vessels were examined since PTH produces a beta-adrenergic-like effect in the mammal. 2. Data showed that both bPTH-(1-34) and ISO were vasorelaxant in KCl and arginine vasoctocin (AVT) preconstricted dorsal aorta, iliac and femoral arteries. 3. They both relaxed extracellular calcium-dependent contrations. 4. There was no additive nor synergistic effect between them in AVT preconstricted strips. 5. Both bPTH-(1-34) and ISO were positively inotropic but differed in their chronotropic effects, being negative and positive. 6. In the tiger frog, bPTH-(1-34) shows beta-adrenergic like contractile responses in both the cardiac and vascular smooth muscle as in the mammal, but not in the heart rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Compositional and digestibility changes in sprouted barley and canola seeds.

Barley and canola seeds were sprouted over a 5 day period, in laboratory conditions under room temperature (22 degrees C) and room lighting. Following initial hydration, seeds were kept moist by wetting the germination trays at 9 a.m., 1 p.m. and 6 p.m. daily. A parallel germination experiment using 200 g quantities of seeds in petri dishes was conducted. Starting from the second day of germination, and every day, dishes of germinating seeds were removed, oven-dried, weighed and milled for proximate and chemical analysis. Seeds from the main germination experiment were fed in a digestibility trial to Wistar rats. Results indicated that sprouting was associated with depletion of many nutrients in both barley and canola, the major losses being in respect of dry matter, gross energy and triglycerides. In barley (but not in canola) sprouting was associated with significant increases in crude fiber and diglyceride content. In canola, there were significant losses in lipid content and increases in phytosterol and phospholipid content. Digestibility data showed an enhancement in digestibility of nutrients in barley but not in canola, implying that sprouting improved nutritional quality of barley but not canola.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Infection of human T-cell leukemia virus type I and development of human T-cell leukemia lymphoma in patients with hematologic neoplasms: a possible linkage to blood transfusion.

Among 354 adult patients with either hematological malignancy or aplastic anemia, eight were positive for anti-HTLV-I antibodies; six of eight had received multiple transfusions. There was an approximately 3.5-fold increase (P less than .001) of HTLV-I seropositivity in the patients with hematologic disease (8 of 354, 2.23%) compared to the healthy adults older than 20 years (34 of 5252, .65%). Two hematological patients, one with Hodgkin's disease and one with acute promyelocytic leukemia, were found to be positive for HTLV-I, and developed and died of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) subsequently. Both were long-term survivors of the primary disease and had received multiple transfusions. The latent period from blood transfusion to onset of ATL was 6 months and 11 years, respectively. Immunocompromised patients, who were seropositive for HTLV-I, may be at increased risk for ATL compared to healthy carriers of HTLV-I, and the latent period may be shorter.

Antibodies, Viral↗