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Biomedical subjects

T Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to T Weiss.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Interference factors in sonography of the middle and lower abdomen].

Disturbing factors in diagnostic ultrasound of the mid-abdomen und lower abdomen are presented. Factors causing unsatisfactory sonographic studies were analysed in 304 sonographic studies of the middle abdomen and lower abdomen. The retroperitoneal space was not demonstrated in 31 of 304 cases (10.2%). Plain films of the abdomen and computed tomography demonstrated fat in subcutaneous tissue, the omentum and the mesenterium in 20 of 31 cases (66%) and intestinal gas in 11 of 31 cases (36%). If ultrasonic studies demonstrate diffuse accumulation of echos, then repetition of the study is not recommended, since computed tomography will provide more reliable results.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Radioaerosol lung imaging in chronic obstructive airway disease.

Inhalation radioaerosol lung imaging was performed in 22 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and in 8 healthy subjects. Aerosol deposition pattern within the right lung, as recorded by a gamma camera, was expressed by means of the aerosol distribution index (ADI). The degree of airway obstruction as measured by airways resistance (Raw) was significantly correlated with ADI. Differing stages of COLD are characterized by differing radioaerosol images, which may resemble each other in end-stage disease. The readily available radioaerosol technique can disclose the location and magnitude of bronchitic airway alterations and be useful for clinical inhalation lung imaging in multiple views.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1984

The influence of propranolol, metoprolol, and mepindolol on mucociliary clearance in coronary heart disease patients without pulmonary disease.

The effect of a beta-receptor blockade on the mucociliary clearance was studied in 24 patients without pulmonary disease but with coronary heart disease. No deterioration of mucociliary clearance was recorded under medication with 2 X 50 mg metoprolol or 2 X 2.5 mg mepindolol per day. In contrast, mucociliary clearance deteriorated significantly under medication with 2 X 40 mg propranolol.

Cilia↗
PubMed1983

Prune perineum syndrome: report of a second case.

A child is reported with a constellation of anomalies which include acetabular dysplasia with bilateral dislocated hips, persistent cloaca, hypoplastic kidney, two umbilical vessels, anal atresia and no obvious external genitalia. These anomalies are strikingly similar to a case reported by Peeden et al ('79) which was referred to as prune perineum. A discussion on possible underlying cause(s) of caudal dysplasia is included.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

[Possibility of error and difficulties in the computerized tomographic diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disk prolapse].

In 310 computed axial tomograms of the lumbar spine which were studied retrospectively a number of pitfall situations were encountered. These in part were related to technical limitations, in part to degenerative joint disease and to postoperative hypertrophic scar formation. It became evident that the position of the disc within the intervertebral space may vary to a certain degree, a phenomenon not to be mistaken for disc protrusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Alveolar deposition of inhaled radio-aerosol particles in central and peripheral airway obstruction. Methodologic conditions and clinical results].

The degree of alveolar deposition of inhaled microparticles, which is affected by airway patency, was studied in 16 asymptomatic smokers with small airways disease. Compared to healthy subjects (n = 12) as well as to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD, n = 14) significant differences in mean alveolar particle deposition were encountered. The results indicate that in both patient groups the lower-lung regions were most affected by airway obstruction. In patients with peripheral airways disease there was no difference in the degree of right- and left-lung aerosol deposition whereas in patients with COLD obstructive airway alteration was found to affect preferably the right lung region.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Regional mucociliary removal of inhaled particles in smokers with small airways disease.

Quantitative radioaerosol lung imaging was performed in 30 asymptomatic smokers selected on the basis of abnormal findings in pulmonary function tests of small airways. Regional clearance rates of inhaled 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin minimicrospheres (HAMM) were determined over upper, middle, lower, central, and peripheral anterior lung zones. In contrast with the findings in 20 nonsmokers without evidence of small airways dysfunction significant mucociliary clearance delay occurred in the peripheral and upper pulmonary regions. An aerosol distribution index (ADI) measures the homogeneity of distribution of inhaled particles in the lung. A significant difference in the mean values of ADI was found, indicating an abnormal uneven radioaerosol distribution pattern in the smokers with small airways disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Behavioral versus pharmacological treatments for essential hypertension--a needed comparison.

Comparison of mild-to-moderate essential hypertension patients treated for 6 weeks by antihypertensive medication versus metronome-conditioned relaxation versus biofeedback versus a mild exercise control procedure showed that those on medication achieved the greatest decrease in blood pressure. The relaxation and biofeedback groups decreased more than the mild exercise group, as predicted, but not significantly more. The differences in benefits of the groups were not a function of group differences in initial blood pressure levels nor in compliance. Nor did the groups differ in the side effects that are usually associated with medications. A second phase of 6 weeks with another treatment or combination of treatments did not add significantly. Some characteristics of patients moderately predicted treatment benefits, for example, high scores on the Jenkins Activity Survey Scales (1) [Type A, S or H], for the relaxation and biofeedback treated patients predicted which patients received greater benefits.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Drug-related hospitalization in paediatric patients.

A survey, to estimate drug-related hospitalization, was conducted by a clinical pharmacist who participated in medical rounds on a paediatric ward. Data were collected from patients' medical charts and verified by the attending physicians and the patients and/or their guardians. Adverse drug reactions and inappropriate therapy were defined with criteria supported by medical publications. Approximately 18% of the 906 studied admissions were found to be drug-related; 11.0% as a result of inappropriate drug therapy, 3.4% as a result of patient non-compliance and 3.2% because of adverse reactions. Antineoplastic agents were responsible for most adverse reactions that led to hospital admission. They were followed by corticosteroids, antimicrobials and by anticonvulsants. The last two groups of drugs were also responsible for hospitalization because of inappropriate drug therapy and patient non-compliance. Adverse drug reactions were more prevalent in females, in 6-10-year-old children, in patients of Ashkenazic origin and in patients who have experienced similar reactions in the past. Non-compliance was more prevalent in patients of Sephardic origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Radioaerosol lung imaging in small airways disease (author's transl)].

Aerosol inhalation lung imaging was performed in 35 asymptomatic smokers who have been selected on the basis of abnormal findings in small airways pulmonary function tests. Qualitative (image inspection) and quantitative (aerosol distribution index = ADI) analysis of the radioaerosol lung patterns was accomplished. Compared to healthy subjects as well as to patients with chronic obstructive lung disease significant differences of mean aerosol distribution homogeneity were observed. A characteristic type of abnormal aerosol pattern, indicating peripheral airways obstruction, was found in 71% of the patients with small airways disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of a beta adrenergic drug and a secretolytic agent on regional mucociliary clearance in patients with COLD.

The effect of clenbuterol, a beta adrenergic drug, and ambroxol, a secretolytic agent, on regional mucociliary clearance and pulmonary radioaerosol distribution was investigated in two groups of 15 patients with COLD in a double-blind cross-over trial with placebo. Clearance rates of inhaled 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin minimicrospheres (HAMM) were determined over upper, middle, lower, central, and peripheral anterior lung regions. Additionally, an index was employed for quantitative analysis of initial pulmonary aerosol distribution in order to detect changes in the site of particle deposition caused by the drugs. Regional measurement of tracheobronchial particle clearance showed clenbuterol to have a significant (P less than 0.05) stimulating effect in 4 of 5 tested pulmonary zones resulting in significantly accelerated whole lung clearance. Ambroxol was effective in only 1 of 5 tested lung areas and did not prove to enhance whole lung clearance significantly. The secretolytic agent was associated with significant (P less than 0.05) improvement of lung aerosol distribution in obstructive emphysematous patients, whereas no significant change in lung deposition of the inhaled particles was encountered in the patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis after either drug regimen.

Albumins↗