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Biomedical subjects

T Wada

Publications and source records attributed to T Wada.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Decreased serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

It is known that the serum level of glycylproline aminopeptidase (Gly-Pro-AP) is decreased in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, the serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes were tested in such patients. In comparison to the controls, many enzymes, including Ala-AP, Ser-AP, Phe-AP, Gly-Pro-AP, Gly-Pro-Leu-AP, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (angiotensin converting enzyme), and esterase, showed significantly decreased activities in the patients' sera. Only the activity of Trp-AP was significantly increased. Of these enzymatic activities in serum, several ones including those of Gly-Pro-AP, Ala-AP, Phe-AP, trypsin-like enzyme, and esterase, were significantly correlated with the severity of the disease. Although a part of these findings are compatible with previous observations, they suggest rather more extensive disorders of peptide metabolism in this immunological disease.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

Different tendencies of changes in hydrolytic enzyme activities in sera from prostatic cancer patients with or without bone metastasis.

Serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in prostatic cancer patients with or without bone metastasis were compared with those in patients with prostatic hypertrophy and in the control subjects. The enzymes tested included 11 aminopeptidases, 2 endopeptidases, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, esterase, acetyl cholinesterase, and RNase. Although most of the enzymatic levels tended to be decreased in the cancer patients without bone metastasis, they tended to be increased in those with metastasis as well as in the patients with prostatic hypertrophy. Thus, bone metastasis is an important factor affecting the serum levels of hydrolytic enzymes in cancer patients. Of the enzymes tested, RNase was unique in that its serum levels were significantly increased regardless of the existence of bone metastasis. This enzyme may become a marker of malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Oscillation of enzyme networks in spleen triggered by an immunopotentiator, bestatin.

In order to understand the effects of an immunomodulator in vivo, we performed time series analysis on mice given an aminopeptidase inhibitor, bestatin. This agent, which is known to be an immunopotentiator, caused peculiar oscillation of the activities of various hydrolytic enzymes in spleen. Autocorrelation curves obtained from serial data of each enzymatic activity revealed that sine curve-type oscillations are brought about in enzyme networks by this inhibitor. Judging from the pattern of the variations of enzymatic activities, it seems that metabolic homeostasis is strongly affected by this agent. The inhibitor probably initiated the homeostatic movements directly and secondarily caused extensive changes in the enzyme networks in vivo. This effect of bestatin may be useful in altering the pathological homeostasis (such as the one in autoimmune diseases) by affecting the dynamic equilibrium among the various components in the immunological system.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

[A case of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinoma with unique macroscopical configuration].

A gastric carcinoma with unique macroscopical configuration was resected from a 63-year-old male patient. Serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was markedly elevated (19,000 ng/ml), and AFP-positive cells were found in the carcinomatous tissues. The cytoplasm of the carcinoma cells appeared to be watery-clear by light microscopy, however, electron microscopy revealed abundant amorphous substances in their cytoplasmic matrix. The unique macroscopical configuration of the gastric carcinoma may reflect its biological resemblance to hepatocellular carcinoma. Such a case may be rare, but AFP production, per se, seems to be a rather universal phenomenon of gastric carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Long-term follow-up result of portopulmonary shunt by splenopneumopexy on membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava.

A patient with membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava (MOVC) who underwent portopulmonary shunting by splenopneumopexy 13 years before developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Postmortem studies revealed HCC in the bilateral lobes of the liver with cirrhosis and complete MOVC. There were numerous new vessel formations in the portion of the splenopneumopexy, which proved persistence of the patency. Clinically, postshunt encephalopathy, hepatic deterioration, and cardiac-respiratory dysfunction in the long-term follow-up period were not noticed. Factors that contributed to the occurrence of HCC are also discussed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1984

Maxillary dental arch growth in different types of cleft.

A total of 45 subjects, 15 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 15 complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), and 15 cleft palate only (CPO) were studied. Measurements of alveolar points on maxillofacial models were taken of each subject at 5 months, 19 months and 4 years of age. The results revealed different types of growth retardation among the cleft groups. A comparison with 10 controls at 4 years of age showed that the dimensions of the three cleft groups were smaller than the controls, especially at the anterior region of the maxilla. These findings suggest that the relation of the nasal septum to the palatal processes may play an important role in the underdevelopment of the maxilla in the cleft lip and palate patients.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

Influence of esophageal transection for esophageal varices on serum bile acid level.

The concentration of total bile acids in the serum was measured in thirty-three patients before and after esophageal transection for esophageal varices, in an attempt to determine the influence of this surgery on the naturally developed portasystemic shunt and also the liver function relating to the bile acid metabolism. The levels of fasting total bile acids in the serum were decreased on the first postoperative day, but gradually increased up to the preoperative levels by the twenty-first postoperative day. The maximum value of total bile acids, as determined in ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance tests, was decreased after the esophageal transection (p less than 0.01). The average of the maximum total bile acids in UDCA tolerance tests was 79.5 microM in the preoperative stage, and 61.0 microM in the postoperative stage. This finding suggested that esophageal transection abolished the portasystemic collaterals and contributed to an increase in efficient hepatic blood flow, which led to the improvement of liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Renovascular hypertension with a solitary kidney associated with retrocaval ureter: a case report].

A case of renovascular hypertension in a patient with a congenitally solitary kidney associated with retrocaval ureter is reported. Aortorenal bypass with autogenous saphenous vein graft and concomitant mobilization of the ureter by division and reanastomosis of the inferior vena cava were performed. Pathogenesis of the stenotic lesion of the renal artery was fibromuscular dysplasia. Postoperative improvement of hypertension was not so good as expected. Soon after administration of nifedipine (20mg/day) was started, blood pressure decreased down to 130/80mmHg and had been well controlled. Problems regarding renovascular hypertension with a solitary kidney and surgical treatment of retrocaval ureter are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Isolated iliac aneurysms].

An isolated iliac aneurysm is an uncommon entity with a relative incidence to abdominal aortic aneurysm of 0.9 to 1.9 percent. Analysis of 16 cases with 20 isolated iliac aneurysms experienced at our vascular service makes the basis of this report. Seventeen aneurysms involved the common iliac artery, two the internal iliac artery and one the external iliac artery. As we experienced 341 abdominal aortic aneurysms during the same period, relative incidence of isolated iliac aneurysm to abdominal aortic aneurysm was 4.7 percent. Fifteen of the 16 cases were male; isolated iliac aneurysms had significantly higher preponderance for the male. Six of the cases were presented with ruptured aneurysms, giving a rupture rate of 37.5 percent. This rupture rate was significantly higher than that of abdominal aortic aneurysms of 11.1 percent. Operation was performed on 15 patients; the remaining one died before surgery. Although there was no operative death among the elective cases, three patients in the ruptured group died postoperatively giving a mortality rate of 60 percent. The least diameter of the ruptured aneurysms was 3.5 centimeter. Among the 16 patients 5 presented with a ruptured aneurysm and 3 had no symptoms related to the aneurysm. Five patients complained of a pulsatile abdominal mass. Two of the ruptured aneurysms were associated with an iliac arteriovenous fistula. Both of them involved the common iliac artery. Although emergency operation was performed on one of them, he died of acute renal failure due to preoperative dehydration and hypovolemia. The another one was operated on electively after intensive medical treatment for heart failure and the patient survived.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Abnormalities of splenic enzyme networks in nude mice.

The activities of various hydrolytic enzymes in splenic tissues of nude mice were compared with those of their controls of the same age. Since all of the enzymatic activities varied with age in both nude mice and in the controls, the difference between the two groups were difficult to define clearly. Principal component analysis enabled us to clearly categorize the enzymatic variations of both groups into two main components. One was related to the maturation process of the animals and the other to the pathological processes in the nude mice. The enzymes related especially to the latter component were formyl-methionine aminopeptidase (fMet-AP), mannosidase, and beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (GlcNAc-ase). These enzymes may represent the abnormality of the surface of lymphocytes in the nude mice.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Different enzymatic oscillations in vivo caused by the stereoisomers of an aminopeptidase inhibitor, bestatin.

The present study was undertaken to compare the enzymatic oscillations induced in three major organs, spleen, kidney, and liver, of mice by the active and inactive forms of an aminopeptidase inhibitor, bestatin. Although bestatin caused sine curve-type oscillations of enzymatic activities in spleen and kidney, its isomer, possessing no enzyme-inhibiting actions and no biological actions, did not show any typical enzymatic changes. Such typical oscillations were not elicited by either one of those two agents in liver, in spite of the apparent difference in the type of oscillations induced by them in this organ. These observations were taken to indicate that the enzymatic oscillations in vivo caused by bestatin are closely related to its aminopeptidase-inhibiting actions seen in vitro and that the immunomodifying actions of this agent are based on its effects on enzymes sensitive to it, possibly involving immunoresponsive cells.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1984

[Extra echo spaces: what do they represent?].

The echocardiographic diagnosis of pericardial effusion is based on the assumption that "echo-free spaces" observed behind the posterior wall of the left ventricle are surrounded by epicardium and pericardial echoes. However, inexplicable extra echo spaces (EES) which may either be echo-dense or echo-free are observed in many asymptomatic patients. These EES often show no changes in their sizes or contours during lengthy follow-up studies. Therefore, we propose a hypothesis that subepicardial fat rather than effusions may be the cause of such EES. According to this hypothesis, a border zone of myocardium and subepicardial fat produces a linear echo which has been misinterpreted as an epicardial echo. Furthermore, a dense, broad band-like echo behind the posterior wall of the left ventricle believed to be a pericardial echo is a fusion echo caused by epicardium, pericardium and pleura. Differentiating EES as due either to subepicardial fat or pericardial effusion is difficult echocardiographically; however, CT scans can differentiate them due to their differing CT values. The echocardiographic diagnosis of pericardial effusion is more easily made among young patients who do not have appreciable subepicardial fat, or massive pericardial effusions causing pendulum-like movements of the heart.

Adolescent↗