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Biomedical subjects

T Wada

Publications and source records attributed to T Wada.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

New thermoluminescent BaSO4:Eu sheet for in vivo measurement of spatial dose distribution in radiation therapy.

A new highly sensitive thermoluminescent (TL) sheet has been studied as a means of in vivo measurement of spatial dose distribution of radiation therapy. This TL sheet (40 cm x 50 cm x 0.2 mm), which is composed of teflon mixed with BaSO4:Eu doped powder, is very flexible and can be cut to the desired size. The TL sheet was found to have a linear response with a very wide dynamic range of at least 0.002 cGy to 5000 cGy absorbed dose. In addition, this sheet does not need be shielded, because of its insensitivity to room light, and therefore the sheet can detect low-energy electrons decreased by a few millimeter thick air for 3H(maximum beta-ray energy: 18 KeV). The spatial dose distribution was printed out with a newly developed digital readout system. In addition, another high-resolution dosimetry system, which exposes X-ray film with TL photons emitted from the irradiated TL sheet at constant room temperature, is reported. Clinically, the in vivo dose distribution on the surface of the rectal cancer for intracavitary radiation therapy was determined. The applicability of TL sheet for in vivo measurement of dose distribution is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

A case of bullous pemphigoid with antibodies against intercellular 130 kd antigen.

Pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid are two typical autoimmune bullous diseases that involve circulating autoantibodies directed against the epidermal cell surface and the epidermal basement membrane zone, respectively. The coexistence of pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid is rare. We describe a case of a 79-year-old man who had tense bullae and erythematous, erosive lesions on his trunk and four extremities. Histopathology revealed subepidermal blister formation without any evidence of intraepidermal acantholytic changes. Direct immunofluorescence study demonstrated deposition of IgG on the epidermal intercellular spaces, as well as along the basement membrane zone; C3 was detected only on the latter. Indirect immunofluorescence study using monkey esophagus as a substrate demonstrated the presence of circulating antibodies against both junctional and intercellular antigens. In order to analyze the precise nature of this patient's antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence study using cultured human keratinocytes and immunoblot analyses were performed. Pemphigus vulgaris sera showed smooth and uniform staining on intercellular spaces. The patient's serum showed a granular and uneven staining pattern. Immunoblot analysis showed that the patient's serum reacted with the typical 230 kd (bullous pemphigoid) antigen and 130 kd antigen, which is close to the pemphigus vulgaris antigen.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The relationship between genotypes of HLA-DRB1 alleles and progression of bony destruction changes of rheumatoid arthritis].

The relationship between genotypes of HLA-DRB 1 alleles and the progression of bone destruction of RA patients was assessed. The genotypes of the HLA-DRB 1 alleles were determined in 329 Japanese patients with seropositive RNA by polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific oligonucleotide probe techniques. We regarded HLA-DRB 1* 0101, 0401, 0404, 0405, 1001 and 1402 as susceptible alleles of RA and classified the patients into three groups. The s/s group consisted of those with susceptible factors in both of the HLA-DRB 1 alleles. The s/n group was made up of those having one susceptible factor and one non-susceptible factor. The n/n group consisted of those possessing two non-susceptible factors. The grading of radiographic change that was evaluated by Larsen's criteria compared with the genotyped results. In the result, the median years taken to development to grade III, IV and V were significantly shorter in the s/s groups compared with that in the s/n and n/n groups. Thus, genotyping of HLA-DRB 1 can be a useful prognostic market in the progression of bone destruction of RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Factors affecting the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after graft replacement of type A aortic dissection].

Fifty-seven patients of type A aortic dissection were underwent operations from Jan. 1985 to Nov. 1994. The number of patients who underwent graft replacement of the aorta and received aortogram after the operation was twenty-nine. To investigate factors affecting the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after graft replacement of the aorta, the aortograms of the 29 patients were examined retrospectively. The aortograms revealed leakage at the distal anastomotic site on 11 of the 29 patients. Eight factors: the kind of graft, Marfan's syndrome, the use of felt at the anastomotic site, the clamping method, distal anastomotic site, acute or chronic, the state of the aortic wall at the anastomotic site and the blood pressure control after operation, were examined relating to the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. The results showed 3 factors; acute or chronic, the state of the aortic wall and the blood pressure control, affected the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. In short, the anastomotic leakage easily occurred in patients who underwent in the acute stage and whose blood pressure was uncontrolled after the operation. Therefore, strict control of the blood pressure after the operation is the most effective for preventing anastomotic leakage.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

[Efficacy and safety of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of other coronary arteries in patients with chronic total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery].

The acute and long-term outcomes of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of the right coronary artery (RCA) or left circumflex branch (LCS) in patients with chronic occlusion of the left anterior descending branch (LAD) (group A) were compared with those of sex and age matched patients undergoing PTCA of the RCA or LCX with a normal LAD (group B). Before the procedure, group A had more frequent prior myocardial infarction (96% vs 33%, p < 0.001), and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (49 +/- 14% vs 71 +/- 13%, p < 0.001). The acute results were similar in the two groups with respect to primary success (group A 90%, group B 91%) and major complications (group A 6%, group B 2%). At 3 months, the rate of restenosis was 33% in group A and 27% in group B. In group A, LVEF increased significantly in patients without restenosis (53 +/- 11% vs 62 +/- 11%, p < 0.01). At long-term follow-up, group A had higher rates of persistent angina but there was no difference in outcome between the two groups. In patients with chronic total occlusion of LAD, PTCA for RCA or LCX can be performed with a low complication rate and provides a significant improvement in LVEF at 3 months in the absence of restenosis. However, at short-term follow-up, these patients have a greater incidence of persistent angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of spontaneous mesenteric fibromatosis occurred from the mesentery of the small intestine].

The fibromatosis is benign tumor which is characterized by the remarkable proliferation and the invasive growth of fibrous tissue and no distant metastasis. It usually occurs from the abdominal wall or the extremities, and rarely from the mesentery. A 54-year-old male complained of an epigastralgia and emesis. He was diagnosed through imaging as the obstructive ileus by abdominal tumor. The laparotomy was performed and a round, egg sized tumor was found wear by dilated ileum. The tumor was considered to occur from the mesentery, and the iliectomy with the tumor was completed. It was suggested that ileus occurred in the early stage because the tumor was located just by the ileum.

Fibromatosis, Abdominal↗
PubMed1995

In vitro chemosensitivity assay for human osteosarcoma using tumor xenografts.

The authors have established an in vitro chemosensitivity assay for human osteosarcoma. To overcome the difficulty of maintaining primary osteosarcoma cells in culture, biopsy or surgical specimens were transplanted directly into athymic nude mice and early generation xenografts were used for in vitro scintillation assay. These xenografts enabled a large number of viable tumor cells to be obtained even from small biopsy specimens. As a result, this system afforded a workable assay in 21 (62%) of 34 osteosarcomas tested and enabled the assay of numerous drugs at 4 different concentrations. Reproducibility of the assay can be checked by using serially transplanted xenografts. Retrospectively, the in vitro results were compared with the histologic response of the resected tumor in 18 patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy. The true positive rate, true negative rate, and predictive accuracy were 40%, 100%, and 66.7%, respectively. The authors suggest that this system provides a valid tool to determine which drugs are ineffective in individual osteosarcoma patients and thus may allow more efficient therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

High-molecular-size mite allergens with high carbohydrate content in mite extract containing mite feces of Dermatophagoides farinae.

A series of mite allergens with high carbohydrate content was fractionated from mite extract containing mite feces by ultrafiltration, and successive chromatography on Ultrogel AcA 54, Sepharose CL-6B, and DEAE Toyopearl 650S. The final fractions isolated were termed HM1-2-Eff, -0.1A, -0.1B, -0.3A, -0.3B, and -1M according to the eluted salt concentration. These six fractions were stained weakly with Coomassie Brilliant Blue but strongly with periodate-Schiff's reagent on SDS-PAGE. Their molecular weight were estimated to be 150-155 KD on Sepharose CL-6B. All of these six fractions provoked strong erythema in skin of mite-sensitive and asthmatic patients. HM1-2-Eff, -0.1A, -0.1B and -0.3B reacted with 73% of mite-sensitive patients' IgE by the nitrocellulose dot blotting. One ng/ml of 4 fractions (HM1-2-0.1A, 0.3A, 0.3B and -1M) released histamine from mite allergic patient's blood cells. HM1-2-0.3A induced proliferation of T cell from immunized mouse by mite extract containing mite feces (Dff).

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

[Consensus and new development in epithelial ovarian cancer chemotherapy in 1995].

Recent clinical trials have confirmed that cisplatinum combination has advantages for advanced ovarian cancer interns of response rate, response duration and disease-free time, but little advantage for overall survival. Although addition of doxorubicin to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a matter of controversy between European countries and the USA, high-dose epirubicin, which is an analog of doxorubicin, has a potent response in relapsed cases after CDDP combination chemotherapy. Clinical trails of epirubicin + CPA + CDDP for advanced ovarian cancer and underway in Japan. Under standard supportive care, escalated CDDP dose may prolong median survival time, but its advantage for long-time survival is questionable. Trials of high-dose chemotherapy as front line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer supported by PBSCT/G-CSF in combination with assessment of scheduled AUC have been collected from many world-wide institutes. GOG demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of CDDP with intravenous CPA had obvious superiority to intravenous CDDP and CPA in overall survival and adverse effect for stage III ovarian cancer, under the conditions that 70% of cases had minimum residual tumor (< 0.5 cm). We have to make sure whether this modality has the same effect on early and stage IV ovarian cancer. Taxol plus CDDP has promising benefits for median disease free survival and median survival time, so it is becoming the standard regimen for advanced ovarian cancer in USA. The delay of the clinical introduction of taxanes should be eliminated promptly in Japan.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

The effects of Tripterygium wilfordii extract on adjuvant arthritis in rats.

The effects of the extract of Tripterygium wilfordii. (TWE) on experimental adjuvant arthritis (AA) in the rat was studied. Lewis rats induced with AA were administered with TWE at 50 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. The paw volume, its ratio to the body weight (paw ratio) and the radiologic changes in the feet of the rats with AA taking TWE were compared with those in the rats taking indomethacin (0.5 mg/kg/day) and no additional drugs. The rats taking TWE showed a smaller paw volume, a lower paw ratio and milder radiologic changes than the rats taking no drugs, however, the beneficial effects were weaker than those of indomethacin. We concluded that the beneficial effects of TWE on rats with AA was suggested. However, these results still need to be further confirmed by additional experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Amyloidosis of the small intestine secondary to rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: report of two cases].

We herein report two cases of gastrointestinal amyloidosis, secondary to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in one, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the other. A 21-year-old woman, who has been suffering from JRA for the past 12 years, was transferred to our hospital due to intense pain in the epigastrium and back, diarrhea, high fever, and paralytic ileus. Treatment by corticosteroid, antibiotics, protease inhibitor, and total parenteral nutrition was not effective. The laparoscopic surgery was performed because of repeated melena followed by an episode of hypovolemic shock. The resected specimen of the ileum showed histologically marked amyloid deposition in the arteriolar walls. A 83-year-old man with RA for 14 years, was admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. He underwent an emergency operation for perforation of the ileum. The resected specimen revealed amyloid deposition and non-caseating granulomas. The fragility and impaired blood supply caused by amyloid deposition in the vascular walls may have terminated in the severe intestinal lesion. Further clinicopathological studies along this line are keenly desired in order to establish therapeutic modalities for gastrointestinal amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) level in the sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue diseases--clinical significances in early onset rheumatoid arthritis].

Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) is a metalloproteinase that degrades articular cartilage matrix in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We measured MMP-3 in the sera from patients with RA and other connective tissue diseases using specific sandwich EIA and studied its clinical significance in early onset RA. MMP-3 level in healthy control (n = 170) was significantly higher in male than in female. The level of MMP-3 in RA was significantly and dramatically higher than in healthy control, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, primary sjogren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, gouty arthritis and traumatic arthritis. Serum MMP-3 significantly correlated with serum BUN or serum creatinine levels in SLE patients but not in RA patients. In early onset RA, serum MMP-3 level was significantly elevated. Furthermore, when the relationship between the serum MMP-3 level and X-ray findings of the joints in RA was studied, it was found that MMP-3 level was elevated even in stage I or II and that there was no statistical differences between stage I or II and stage III or IV, suggesting that serum MMP-3 level is elevated in the early stage of initial inflammatory process when only mild cartilage degradation is seen. These results suggest that measurements of serum MMP-3 is an important tool for establishing diagnosis of early onset RA, and that serum MMP-3 level may be a marker of cartilage destruction and of estimating therapeutic efficacy in early onset RA.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Role of angiotensin II in cerebrovascular and renal damage in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To study the effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on the development of hypertension and end-organ damage in hyporeninaemic deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, using an angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonist (TCV-116) or an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (enalapril). METHODS: DOCA-salt hypertensive rats were produced by uninephrectomy, implantation with DOCA pellets and 1% NaCl loading. TCV-116 (0.1 or 1 mg/kg) or enalapril (10 mg/kg) was given orally once a day from 3 to 6 weeks after the operation. Body weight, blood pressure, plasma renin and creatinine, urinary protein and blood urea nitrogen were measured. After 3 weeks' treatment, oedema and omega 3-subtype benzodiazepine receptor binding in the brain were measured. RESULTS: Three weeks after the operation the blood pressure in the DOCA-salt hypertensive rats was approximately 200 mmHg, and the plasma renin concentration was lower than in sham-operated rats. However, after a further 3 weeks the renin concentration was slightly above the normal level, and this increase was accompanied by a decrease in body weight and increases in blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine, urinary protein and omega 3-subtype benzodiazepine receptor binding in the cerebral cortex, and by brain oedema. Treatment with TCV-116 or enalapril prevented renal damage and decrease in body weight with little effect on blood pressure. Enalapril prevented brain oedema and the increase in benzodiazepine binding in the brain cortex, and 1 mg/kg TCV-116 prevented them markedly. CONCLUSIONS: Although the hypertension in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats is independent of the renin-angiotensin system, the degree of cerebral and renal damage is associated with the activity of the renin-angiotensin system and has little relationship with the blood pressure level.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Residual gastritis after gastrectomy and Helicobacter pylori--its clinical significance].

Residual gastritis after gastrectomy brings the various symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, emesis and loss of appetite, and often hazards quality of life of the patient. Bile reflux to the stomach is believed as one of the important pathogenesis of residual gastritis, however the prevention for bile reflux cannot always heal the gastritis. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered as one of the most important pathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulcer and gastritis, and H. pylori may possibly cause residual gastritis after gastrectomy. However, the association between infection with H. pylori and the residual gastritis has not revealed yet. In the present study, the association with H. pylori and the residual gastritis after gastrectomy was investigated in 56 patients who had undergone gastrectomy before. Twenty-four patients (42.9%) had H. pylori infection at their stomachs and the incidence of the infection in the patients with gastrectomy was significantly higher with subtotal gastrectomy. As for the histological gastritis score of Rauws (Rauws' score), Rauws' score of H. pylori positive group was significantly higher than H. pylori negative group. Furthermore, the eradication of H. pylori for the patients with serious symptoms of gastritis improved the symptoms and decreased significantly Rauws' score. These results suggest that H. pylori was associated with the pathogenesis of residual gastritis after gastrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Tension pneumocephalus in association with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and congenital bony defect in the mastoid tegmen].

The authors report a case of tension pneumocephalus in association with a congenital bony defect at the mastoid tegmen, and a ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt for obstructive hydrocephalus, due to the presence of a posterior fossa meningioma. After multiple diagnosis and surgical procedures, congenital bony defect at the right mastoid tegmen demonstrated by a middle ear cavity computerized tomography (CT) scan, was identified as the source of entry of the air. The air must have penetrated the lateral ventricle through a porencephalic cyst in the right temporal lobe. Reconstruction of the bony defect in the mastoid tegmen successfully prevented further recurrence of tension pneumocephalus. We discussed the possible pathogenic mechanisms involved in this kind of tension pneumocephalus, and suggested that a middle ear cavity CT scan should be performed for tension pneumocephalus that has developed after V-P shunt.

Female↗