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Biomedical subjects

T Uno

Publications and source records attributed to T Uno.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Ultrasonic exploration of contralateral side in pediatric patients with inguinal hernia.

The width of low echoic region at the internal ring (WLIR) of an inguinal canal demonstrated by ultrasonography was applied in the preoperative diagnosis of the contralateral side in pediatric patients with inguinal hernia. The ultrasonic diagnosis of 39 pediatric patients with inguinal hernia and 38 children without inguinal hernia under 15 years of age were conducted at Hamamatsu University Hospital from April 1988 to January 1989. The WLIR of children without inguinal hernia were within 6 mm in boys under 15 years of age and within 3 mm in girls under 5 years of age. There were no statistically significant differences between the WLIR of the right side and that of the left side, and the WLIR of the following three age groups also demonstrated no statistical significance: under 1 year of age, 1 to 5 years of age, 5 to 15 years of age. On the other hand, the WLIR of the hernia side of pediatric patients with inguinal hernia were significantly wider than that of the contralateral side in boys and girls under 5 years of age (P less than 0.01), as well as in boys 5 to 15 years of age (P less than 0.05). Therefore, we recommend a contralateral exploration for pediatric patients with inguinal hernia when the WLIR is 7 mm or more in boys under 15 years of age and 4 mm or more in girls under 5 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Radiation therapy in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

From April 1978 through December 1989, a total of 17 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated with radiation therapy alone or radiation therapy in conjunction with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), transarterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI), or transarterial embolization (TAE) at the National Medical Center Hospital. The median survival of all patients was 13.8 months. The survival values determined at 1, 2, and 3 years were 58.8%, 26.1%, and 9.8%, respectively. Only the pretreatment liver function affected the survival value. Between patients who did not have liver cirrhosis (LC) as well as those who had LC of Child's class A and patients who had LC of Child's class B or C, the differences observed in the 1-year survival value and the median duration of survival were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The serum cholinesterase (ChE) level seemed to be a good indicator of liver function during the radiation therapy. A field size of 150 cm2 and a total dose of 5000 cGy (TDF 82) seemed to be well tolerated by patients who did not have LC and those who had LC of Child's class A. The field size determined whether patients with poor liver function such as LC of Child's class B or C would develop severe hepatic deterioration after undergoing radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Radiotherapy of cholangiocarcinoma: the roles for primary and adjuvant therapies.

A total of 22 patients with cholangiocarcinoma who had been treated with external radiotherapy between 1978 and 1989 were analyzed. Of the 22 patients, 18 had cancer of the hepatic hilus (Klatskin) and 4 had intrahepatic biliary cancer; all but 2 of the subjects had advanced disease. In all, 16 patients underwent primary irradiation for unresectable tumors, 4 were subjected to adjuvant irradiation after gross tumor resection, and 2 received preoperative irradiation followed by gross tumor resection. The mean initial irradiation dose was 52.0 Gy (range, 26-78 Gy). The TDF (time-dose-fractionation) for the entire course of radiotherapy ranged from 49 to 154 (mean, 100). The median survival of all patients was 10 months, and the cumulative 1-year survival value was 37.7%. The external radiotherapy proved to be effective in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma in terms of palliation and survival.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1992

Further studies on chimeric P450 2C2/2C14 having testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylase activity which is absent in the parental P450s.

cDNAs for various chimeras between P450 2C2, P450 2C14, P450 2B5, and P450 2E1 were constructed, the chimeric P450s were expressed in yeast cells, and their catalytic activities were compared in the reconstituted system containing partially purified P450 preparations. The chimera P450(2Hc3), consisting of the 462 amino-terminal residues of P450 2C2 and the remaining 28 residues of P450 2C14, had testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylase activity, which is not seen in either of the parental P450s, in addition to higher activities of laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylation and benzphetamine N-demethylation than the parental P450s [Uno, T. et al. (1990) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 167, 498-503]. When either of the segments from P450 2C2 and P450 2C14 in this chimera was replaced with the corresponding sequences of P450 2E1 or when the 35 carboxy-terminal residues of P450(2Hc3) were replaced with those of P450 2B5, the 16 beta-hydroxylase activity disappeared. When the 262 amino-terminal residues, except for residues 90-125 (region 90-125), of P450(2Hc3) were replaced with those of P450 2C14, the resulting chimera retained both testosterone 16 beta- and laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylase activities. Further replacing the region 90-125 with that of P450 2C14 resulted in disappearance of the 16 beta-hydroxylase activity and profound decrease in the (omega-1)-hydroxylase activity. Testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylation was inhibited by laurate and laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylation by testosterone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

A case of mixed-type dysgerminoma with a high serum concentration of both human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein in a child.

Dysgerminoma is divided into two types: pure and mixed. The mixed type is related to other various elements of germ cell tumors. We experienced a case of mixed type dysgerminoma with a high serum concentration of both human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein. The patient was a 6 year old girl who was admitted to the Hamamatsu University School of Medicine with an abdominal mass. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein and high concentration of serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin. The tumor originated from the left ovary. The histopathological diagnosis was dysgerminoma. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein levels were useful markers in monitoring the response to treatment in this patient.

Angiography↗
PubMed1991

Hemolytic anemia caused by Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs.

Babesia gibsoni caused severe hemolytic anemia in 11 dogs from southern California. The most common clinical signs of B gibsoni infection were lethargy, anorexia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Acute infection with B gibsoni may be misdiagnosed as autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Diagnosis was most reliably determined by identification of the intraerythrocytic parasites on Giemsa-stained blood smears. The pathogenicity of B gibsoni, difficulties in diagnosis, the parasite's resistance to treatment with available drugs, and frequent interstate movement of dogs indicate that this disease may be a serious threat to dogs throughout the United States.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1991

Localization of the sensory neurons in the canine nodose ganglion sending fibers into the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

The distinct localization of the sensory neurons in the canine nodose ganglion that send fibers into the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (the main sensory pathway from the larynx) was studied using horseradish peroxidase technique. The labeled cells were located mainly in the rostral one-third of the lateral side of the nodose ganglion. We conclude that the localization of these labeled cells does not reflect a difference in cellular role or function but is due to the course of the nerve's fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Detection of one attomole of [Arg8]-vasopressin by novel noncompetitive enzyme immunoassay (hetero-two-site complex transfer enzyme immunoassay).

One attomole of [Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP) was detected by a novel noncompetitive enzyme immunoassay (hetero-two-site complex transfer enzyme immunoassay). AVP was indirectly biotinylated using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin and trapped onto an anti-AVP IgG-coated polystyrene ball. After washing, biotinylated AVP was eluted from the polystyrene ball with HCl and was reacted with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-fluorescein disulfide-bovine serum albumin-rabbit anti-AVP IgG conjugate. The complex formed was trapped on [anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group] IgG-coated polystyrene balls and, after washing, reacted with avidin-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate. The polystyrene balls were washed, and the complex of the three components was eluted with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine and transferred to anti-fluorescein IgG-coated polystyrene balls. After washing, the complex was released from the polystyrene balls by reduction with 2-mercaptoethylamine and transferred to [anti-rabbit IgG] IgG-coated polystyrene balls. beta-D-Galactosidase activity bound to the last polystyrene balls was assayed by fluorometry. The detection limit of AVP was 1.1 fg (1 amol)/tube. Interference by proteins in biological fluids was eliminated by separation of peptides from proteins using a molecular sieve. The principle of the present method may be applicable to the measurement of haptens, including peptides, that can be derivatized so as to be bound simultaneously by both anti-hapten antibody and avidin molecules.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

An analysis of the subpopulations in draining lymph node cells and MHC antigen induction in murine herpetic keratitis.

The protective role of T cell subsets in corneal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection has been studied. However, the relative contribution of, and the role played by, each particular T cell subset still remain a controversial issue. We studied sequentially the appearance of major histocompatibility (MHC) and viral antigens in HSV-1 infected corneas of Balb/C mice and related them to induction of T cell subsets in local lymph nodes and corneal lesions. Immunohistochemical study has revealed a marked increase of expression of class II MHC antigen in the corneal stromal cells, while class I MHC antigen gradually increased in the corneal epithelium and stroma. Further immunohistochemical survey has revealed that L3T4 antigen bearing and Lyt 2 antigen bearing cells were induced to a similar extent with an equal rapidity in the local lymph nodes as well as in the corneal stroma. Transfer of these subpopulations to syngeneic nude mice showed that they played a role to prevent severe outcome of corneal herpetic infection. These results indicate that the corneal stroma is a major site of the host's immunological activities and both L3T4 and Lyt 2 bearing cells are equally important for the prevention of corneal herpetic infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A non-invasive quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow using N-isopropyl-[123I]p-iodoamphetamine and single photon emission CT].

A non-invasive quantitative method using N-isopropyl-[123I]p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) was described for assessing regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Twenty four cases, composed of 11 patients with brain tumors, 9 patients having cerebrovascular disease and 4 other patients aged 15-73 years, all underwent the SPECT 133Xe inhalation method (Xe-SPECT) and IMP-SPECT using a Tomomatic 564. In the IMP-SPECT cases, 111-222 MBq (3-6 mCi) of IMP was injected intravenously and then sequential imaging was performed 9.5 +/- 1.2 (mean +/- SD) min (E1 image), 20.6 +/- 1.2 min (E2 image), 227.5 +/- 22.1 min (D1 image), and 236.6 +/- 22.4 min (D2 image) after the injection. The IMP-uptake value (counts/pixel/sampling time) in the region of interest (ROI), which was chosen in the non-affected cortex in the middle cerebral artery territory (MCAC), was counted on each image (E1 value, E2 value, D1 value and D2 value) and the E1/D1 ratios and E2/D2 ratios were consequently calculated. On the other hand, the absolute value of the ROIrCBF (Xe-rCBF) was obtained by Xe-SPECT. There were significant correlations noted between both the E1/D1 ratios and the E2/D2 ratios, and the Xe-rCBFs. Those correlation coefficients were found to be: r = 0.741 and 0.810 respectively. Based on this significant relationship, equations were deduced to involve the rCBF values by use of IMP-SPECT: y = Ax + B (y: rCBF, x: E1/D1 ratio (E2/D2 ratio), A = 52.8 (68.2), B = 6.3 (-14.9), where A and B indicate the slope and deviation of the regression line).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

An immunocytochemical analysis of a class-specific antibody response against Trichinella spiralis in humans.

The response of different classes of antibodies against antigens of the muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis was tested using an immunocytochemical approach. Ultrathin sections of resin-embedded larvae were treated with sera from patients with trichinosis, then exposed to a biotinated second antibody and stained with avidin-gold complex. Antibody of the M-class was a major component in the response against a slow-responding group of antigens that included stichocyte granules, the cuticle surface, and the esophagus-occupying substance; a minor component in the response against antigens of the rapid-responding group that included cuticle inner layers, hypodermis, hemolymph, and intestinal gland granules. The response of G-class antibody against the rapid-responding group of antigens was detected in all patients tested, while against the slow-responding group of antigens it was detected in only half of the patients, suggesting that an antibody shift from the M to the G class occurred in some patients. The results, obtained in humans, were similar to those we obtained previously in rats (J. Parasitology, 76,230-239, 1990), suggesting that the rat immune system can serve as an experimental model of human trichinosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Replacing the carboxy-terminal 28 residues of rabbit liver P-450 (laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylase) with those of P-450 (testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase) produces a new stereospecific hydroxylase activity.

cDNA for chimeric P-450 consisting of the amino-terminal 462 residues of P-450 (laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylase) and the remaining 28 residues of P-450 (testosterone 16 alpha-hydroxylase) was constructed and expressed in yeast cells. The resulting chimera could catalyze laurate (omega-1)-hydroxylation and benzphetamine N-demethylation at much higher rates than the parental P-450s, but exhibited the same specificity towards fatty acid substrates as the wild-type laurate hydroxylase. When testosterone was examined as a substrate, the 16 beta-hydroxylated product, which cannot be formed by either of the parental P-450s, was detected, suggesting that the laurate hydroxylase contains a structure that is capable of binding testosterone at a proper orientation so that it can be hydroxylated at the 16 beta position.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis of antimicrobial agents. 3. Syntheses and antibacterial activities of 7-(4-hydroxypiperazin-1-yl)quinolones.

A series of novel pyridone carboxylic acids having a 4-hydroxypiperazinyl group at the 7-position of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were prepared. The in vivo antibacterial efficacies of these compounds were superior to those of corresponding piperazinyl derivatives. From the results of the studies on the pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity, the 4-hydroxypiperazinyl derivatives were confirmed to be pharmacologically superior to corresponding piperazinyl derivatives. Thus, a 4-hydroxypiperazinyl group was revealed to be a beneficial substituent for potential use in future quinolone antibacterials.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of rabbit liver P450IIE1 synthesized in transformed yeast cells.

cDNA for chimeric protein, P450(3P4), consisting of the amino-terminal 43 residues (the membrane-anchor region) of rabbit P450IIC14 and the remaining 447 residues of rabbit P450IIE1 was constructed, then cloned into expression vector pAAH5, and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae AH22 cells under the control of yeast ADH1 promoter. P450(3P4) thus synthesized in the transformed yeast cells was partially purified, and its spectral and catalytic properties were examined. In the oxidized state P450(3P4) exhibited a high-spin type absorption spectrum even in the absence of a substrate. The reduced CO complex of the P450 showed a Soret absorption maximum at 452 nm. P450(3P4) catalyzed aniline p-hydroxylation, N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylation, benzphetamine N-demethylation, and laurate and caprate (omega-1)-hydroxylation in the reconstituted system containing the P450 and NADPH-P450 reductase. These results indicate that P450(3P4) preparation obtained from the transformed yeast cells has spectral and catalytic characteristics identical with those of P450IIE1 purified from rabbit liver microsomes, confirming the substrate specificity reported of P450IIE1.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Studies on antibacterial agents. II. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of substituted 1,2-dihydro-6-oxo-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acids.

A series of substituted 1,2-dihydro-6-oxo-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acids for the treatment of systemic infections was synthesized via 7-bromo-3-ethylthio-4,5-difluoro-2-methylindole (3), which was prepared by Gassman's indole synthesis in excellent yield. The synthesized pyrroloquinolines were tested for their antibacterial activities. 8-Fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-methyl-9-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-oxo-6H- pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acid showed a potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗