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Biomedical subjects

T Uno

Publications and source records attributed to T Uno.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Morphology of the alimentary tract of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae with emphasis on the esophagus.

This study was designed to provide a comprehensive description of the ultrastructure of the esophagus of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. Although the esophagus exhibited basically the same structure throughout its entire length, being composed of a single cell-layered epithelium, the basal lamina, and the cuticle, some morphological diversity was observed, depending on the level of sectioning. The upper esophagus, devoid of a muscular sheath, was equipped with myofilamentous cytoplasm and a thick cuticle. The middle and lower esophagus was surrounded by the muscular sheath on the basal side and thin cuticle on the luminal side. The cytoplasm usually contained glycogen, ribosomes, and mitochondria. The presence of an amorphous substance in the lumen of the esophagus is reported for the first time. It was completely homogeneous or finely granular and always devoid of any substructure.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of prolonged duct ligation of the rat salivary glands on the activity of trypsin-like protease.

The effects of ligation on body weight, protease activity and hair kynurenine content were observed. The body weights of parotid gland(PT)-ligated and of combined submandibular (SM)-, sublingual (SL)- and PT-ligated rats were much less than those of sham-operated controls. However, the weights of SM,SL-ligated rats were similar to those of controls. The activity of trypsin-like protease in the duct-ligated submandibular gland was significantly reduced to 0.3-0.7 per cent of that in controls. Protein concentration also decreased in the duct-ligated submandibular gland. Kynurenine content in the hair of duct-ligated rats was higher than that in controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between serum-amylase activity and intraductal pressures in the rat parotid and submandibular salivary glands after administration of pilocarpine or isoprenaline.

Ligation of the parotid ducts induced marked elevation of serum-amylase activity after administration of pilocarpine or isoprenaline. Secretion of saliva and serum-amylase activity increased most rapidly in the first 15 min after injection of pilocarpine, whereas isoprenaline induced a constant rate of secretion and serum-amylase activity over 120 min. Amylase activity in the serum was closely connected with intraductal pressure due to saliva secretion.

Amylases↗
PubMed1988

Rat cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase: regulation of its mRNA and contribution to gluconeogenesis.

Induction of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase (cAspAT) was observed in rat liver on administration of a high-protein diet, or glucagon and during fasting. The enzyme activity in the liver of rats given 80% protein diet or glucagon injection during starvation increased to 2- to 2.4-fold that in the liver of rats maintained on 20% protein diet, with about 2-fold increases in the levels of hybridizable cAspAT mRNA, measured by blot analysis using the cloned rat cAspAT cDNA as a probe. No increase in the enzyme was detected in kidney, heart, brain, or skeletal muscle. The activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (mAspAT) did not increase. Induction of cAspAT was observed when glucose metabolism tended toward gluconeogenesis. The physiological function of the induction of cAspAT is considered to be to increase the supply of oxaloacetate as a substrate for cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) [EC 4.1.1.32] for gluconeogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Central nervous cryptococcosis giving rise to ascites after ventriculo-peritoneal shunting--a case report].

The ascites retention as a complication after ventriculo-peritoneal shunting (V-P shunt) is very rare. In this paper, a case of central nervous cryptococcosis giving rise to ascites after a V-P shunt is presented. A 45-year-old female was referred to Prefectural Gifu Hospital complaining of nausea and disturbance of recent memory. She had no remarkable medical history. CT scan films on admission showed enlarged ventricles except for the fourth ventricle, indicating an obstructed hydrocephalus. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations revealed an increase in cell counts (mostly lymphocytes) and protein content, and positive Pandy and Nonne-Apelt reactions. Based on this information, it was tentatively suggested that she had a certain infection in the central nervous system such as mycosis or tuberculosis etc. Continuous ventricular drainage was performed for about three weeks. During this period, several lumbar and ventricular CSF cultures were negative. Therefore, a V-P shunt operation was performed. However, about seven weeks after the V-P shunt, she developed abdominal distention without any peritoneal signs. Abdominal CT scan films showed an abnormal ascites retention. Laboratory tests revealed positive CRP and increased ESR values. Again, it was suggested that she had not only a central nervous but also a peritoneal infection giving rise to ascites. From samples of ventricular CSF and ascites, cryptococcus neoformans was cultured. The lumbar CSF revealed positive latex agglutination titer for cryptococcal antigen, although the culture was negative. The ascites examination revealed an increase in cell counts (mostly lymphocytes) and protein content, and positive Rivalta and Runneberg reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ascites↗
PubMed1988

[Occlusion of a perforating artery, by descending tentorial herniation after head injury, supplying deep cerebral structure--report of 4 cases and their CT evaluation].

Four cases with descending tentorial herniation (DTH) after head injury which showed thalamic, mesencephalic and basal ganglionic low density areas (LDAs) manifesting a infarction in postoperative CT films are reported, and a possible mechanism are discussed in this paper. Case 1: Bilateral acute subdural hematoma with left DTH showed LDAs in the anterior part of the bilateral thalami, left occipital lobe and midbrain. The estimated occluded arteries included the anterior thalamoperforating artery(AThA), posterior cerebral artery and midbrain perforator. Case 2: Right acute epidural hematoma with DTH showed LDAs in the anterior part of the right thalamus and in the left globus pallidus. The estimated occluded arteries included the AThA and anterior choroidal artery. Case 3: Right acute epidural hematoma with DTH showed LDAs in the anterior part of the left thalamus, and in the left midbrain tegmentum. The estimated occluded artery was the interpeduncular thalamoperforating artery (IThA). Case 4: Right chronic subdural hematoma with DTH showed LDA mainly in the left thalamus except for the superior thalamic region. The estimated occluded arteries included the AThA and/or IThA and thalamogeniculate artery. Cases 1 and 4 were adult males and cases 2 and 3 were infant males, and the prognosis was good in the infant males, and poor in the adult males. Each of the 4 cases showed no loss of consciousness just after the head injury while 3 out of them deteriorated within several hours, and one was a case of chronic subdural hematoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Immunocytolocalization study of the external covering of Trichinella spiralis muscle larva.

The antibody-binding sites of the muscle larva of Trichinella spiralis were investigated by immunogold staining on the ultrathin sections of LR white resin. The antibodies, which were produced in the course of T. spiralis infection in rats, specifically bound to the inner layers of the body cuticle and the cuticle of the hindgut, but not to the cuticle of the esophagus. This is the first report that reveals the antigenic nature of the inner layers of the external coverings of T. spiralis larva.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of ampicillin and its metabolites in rat plasma, bile and urine by post-column degradation with sodium hypochlorite.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of ampicillin (1) and its metabolites [(5R,6R)-ampicilloic acid (2), the (5S,6R)-epimer (3) and the corresponding (2R)-piperazine-2',5'-dione (4)] in rat plasma, bile and urine. The method involves the separation of 1-4 from the background components of the biological fluids on a reversed-phase C18 column, using sodium heptanesulphonate as an ion-pairing agent and methanol in the mobile phase, followed by post-column degradation with 1.5 M sodium hydroxide-0.02% sodium hypochlorite solution at ambient temperature, and detection of the degradation product(s) of each compound at 270 nm. The detection limits were about 25 ng for each compound at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. At concentrations of 2-5 micrograms/ml of each compound, the within- and between-run precisions (relative standard deviation) were 0.77-7.15% and 1.76-5.96%, respectively. The plasma, biliary and urinary levels of 1 and its metabolites were determined by the proposed method after intravenous administration of 1 to rats.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1987

Two types of conformers with distinct Fe-C-O configuration in the ferrous CO complex of horseradish peroxidase. Resonance Raman and infarared spectroscopic studies with native and deuteroheme-substituted enzymes.

The presence of at least two types of conformers in the ferrous CO complex of horseradish peroxidase has been demonstrated with the use of native and deuteroheme-substituted enzymes. Type I conformers, predominant in acidic pH, exhibited both an Fe-CO stretching and an Fe-C-O bending Raman line together with an infrared C-O stretch band below 1920 em-1. On the other hand, type II conformers, dominant species in alkaline pH, showed only an Fe-CO stretching Raman line with the C-O stretch above 1930 cm-1. They were interconvertible either by the changes in pH or by the binding of benzhydroxamate, a substrate for the enzyme. The pKa value for the pH-dependent interconversion of CO complex of deuteroheme-substituted enzyme was 8.3. These findings were interpreted to mean that the bound CO molecule in type I conformers was more tilted over the heme-plane than that in type II conformers. A steric hindrance by the bound substrate or the protonated form of a distal amino acid residue, presumably of histidine, is considered to be the cause for the isomerization. By summarizing present and previous data on the vibrational frequencies of heme-carbonyl complexes, we found that there are inverse-linear relationships between the square of Fe-CO and that of C-O stretching frequencies, while squares of Fe-CO stretching and Fe-C-O bending frequencies were linearly correlated with each other. Also found is that the dissociation rate constant of CO molecule from heme-carbonyl complexes is a linear function of the Fe-CO stretching frequency. The significance of these results is discussed.

Carbon Monoxide↗
PubMed1987

Synthesis of antimicrobial agents. 1. Syntheses and antibacterial activities of 7-(azole substituted)quinolones.

A series of 6-fluoro- and 6,8-difluoro-7-(azole substituted)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids were prepared. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the antibacterial potency was better when the 6,8-substituents were fluorine atoms and the 7-substituent was either 1-imidazolyl, 20, or 4-methyl-1-imidazolyl, 25. From the results of studies on pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity, 20 and 25 were found to possess excellent antibacterial activities and to show high blood levels after oral administration to mice with low toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Angiographic difference in coronary artery of man, dog, pig, and monkey.

Comparative morphological studies on the coronary arteries of the left ventricular free wall were carried out on human, dog, pig, and monkey hearts by using postmortem coronary arteriography, soft X-ray photograms, and the clearing method. The results showed that the types of coronary arteries (types I, II, and III) and connecting portion of anastomotic vessels in the pig and monkey hearts closely resembled those in man. Whereas the dog hearts showed the following characteristics: numerous Type III vessels and anastomoses in the epicardial layer, the existence of only the left predominant type of coronary artery, and the supply of blood to the papillary muscles of the left ventricle mostly through a single branch of the coronary artery. Therefore, it is necessary to take into consideration the basic difference in the structure of the coronary arteries of human and dog hearts, when dogs are used experimentally for research of human ischemic heart disease. The fact that only the papillary muscles of the human heart-compared to animal hearts-are supplied blood from two sources may be advantageous to rescue the papillary muscles from ischemic necrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Coordination structures and reactivities of compound II in iron and manganese horseradish peroxidases. A resonance Raman study.

Resonance Raman investigations on compound II of native, diacetyldeuteroheme-, and manganese-substituted horseradish peroxidase (isozyme C) revealed that the metal-oxygen linkage in the compound differed from one another in its bond strength and/or structure. Fe(IV) = O stretching frequency for compound II of native enzyme was pH sensitive, giving the Raman line at 772 and 789 cm-1 at pH 7 and 10, respectively. The results confirmed the presence of a hydrogen bond between the oxo-ligand and a nearby amino acid residue (Sitter, A. J., Reczek, C. M., and Terner, J. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7515-7522). The Fe(IV) = O stretch for compound II of diacetylheme-enzyme was located at 781 cm-1 at pH 7 which was 9 cm-1 higher than that of native enzyme compound II. At pH 10, however, the Fe(IV) = O stretch was found at 790 cm-1, essentially the same frequency as that of native enzyme compound II. The pK value for the pH transition, 8.5, was also the same as that of native compound II. Unlike in native enzyme, D2O-H2O exchange did not cause a shift of the Fe(IV) = O frequency of diacetylheme-enzyme. Thus, the metal-oxygen bond at pH 7 was stronger in diacetylheme-enzyme due to a weaker hydrogen bonding to the oxo-ligand, while the Fe(IV) = O bond strength became essentially the same between both enzymes at alkaline pH upon disruption of the hydrogen bond. A much lower reactivity of the diacetylheme-enzyme compound II was accounted to be due to the weaker hydrogen bond. Compound II of manganese-substituted enzyme exhibited Mn(IV)-oxygen stretch about 630 cm-1, which was pH insensitive but down-shifted by 18 cm-1 upon the D2O-H2O exchange. The finding indicates that its structure is in Mn(IV)-OH, where the proton is exchangeable with a water proton. These results establish that the structure of native enzyme compound II is Fe(IV) = O but not Fe(IV)-OH.

Horseradish Peroxidase↗
PubMed1986

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of clavulanate in human plasma and urine by fluorimetric detection.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorimetric detection has been developed for the determination of clavulanate in human urine and plasma. Clavulanate in plasma samples was ultrafiltered using YMT membrane and reacted with benzaldehyde in phosphate buffer solution (pH 3.8) at 100 degrees C for 20 min. Clavulanate in urine samples was filtered with a polyacrylate membrane after ten-fold dilution, and reacted under the same conditions as those for plasma samples. The fluorescent product thus formed from clavulanate was separated from ordinary components of plasma and urine on a reversed-phase C18 column followed by fluorimetric detection (lambda ex = 386 nm, lambda em = 460 nm). The within- and between-run precisions were of the order of 4.02% (n = 10) and 6.23% (n = 5) for plasma samples at a level of 0.67 microgram/ml. The detection limit was as low as 10 ng/ml in plasma samples with a 50-microliter injection. Coexisting ticarcillin, amoxicillin or 1-amino-4-hydroxybutan-2-one (which is a metabolite of clavulanate in rat and dog) did not interfere in the clavulanate assay.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1986

Increased cyclic GMP in atrial fibrillation.

To investigate the role of cyclic nucleotides in the genesis and/or the persistence of atrial fibrillation (AF), plasma levels of cyclic GMP (c-GMP) and cyclic AMP (c-AMP) were measured in dogs with electrically induced AF, and in dogs subjected to high frequency (230 or 410/min) atrial pacing. The atrial fibrillation threshold (AFT) after intravenous administration of a dibutyryl derivative of c-GMP (Dbc-GMP), and the effect of atropine (0.1 mg/kg) on AFT were determined. Plasma levels of c-GMP and c-AMP were also measured in patients during paroxysmal AF and sinus rhythm. The c-GMP level increased significantly 15 min after the onset of artificial AF, and gradually increased during the course of the experiment. The c-GMP level began to increase significantly 15 min after the initiation of pacing at the higher rate (410/min) but not at the lower rate, compared to the prepacing value. The c-GMP level continued to rise until the end of pacing in the animals paced at 410/min. Although Dbc-GMP induced a dose-dependent decrease in AFT, atropine did not prevent the decrease in AFT by Dbc-GMP. In contrast, c-AMP levels were not significantly affected in any of these experiments. Clinical assessment revealed that patients had almost four times higher c-GMP level during AF than during sinus rhythm, though c-AMP levels in these patients did not change significantly during the attack of AF. These results suggest that the increase in c-GMP plays an important role in the maintenance and/or the genesis of AF.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Organic phosphorus compounds. 1. 4-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)benzylphosphonate as potent calcium antagonistic vasodilator.

A series of 4-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzylphosphonic acid dialkyl ester derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for coronary vasodilatory activity by Langendorff's method in the isolated guinea pig heart. Many of the phosphonic acid dialkyl esters exhibited vasodilatory activity and calcium antagonism comparable with those of diltiazem hydrochloride, whereas phosphonic acid 1b and its nonphosphonated precursor 7a were inactive. These results indicate the necessity of the diethoxyphosphinyl moiety for vasodilatory activity. Substitution of the benzothiazole ring with a variety of substituents did not significantly enhance the activity of the unsubstituted compound. Compound 10b (KB-944) was chosen for detailed pharmacological evaluation.

Animals↗