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Biomedical subjects

T Unno

Publications and source records attributed to T Unno.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Degranulation of nasal epithelial mast cells after challenge of allergen. An electron microscopic study with serial sections.

Degranulation of mast cells in the nasal epithelial space was investigated by observation of the morphological changes in serial ultrathin sections. Materials were scraped from the inferior turbinate in six patients with perennial nasal allergy immediately after the first sneezing attack during nasal challenge by allergen discs. Labyrinthic cavities occurred in one part of the cytoplasm, and contained amorphous or fibrillar remnants of granule matrices in more than half of the mast cells. These findings almost coincided with the initial changes observed in isolated rat mast cells induced by several histamine releasing agents. Some mast cells without labyrinth structures did not show any change in the majority of granules. Materials were also scraped from five patients ten minutes in the majority of granules. Materials were also scraped from five patients ten minutes after nasal provocation. A relatively large number of mast cells without labyrinth structures were observed. The main change was a reduction of electron density in the granule matrix, resulting in a fibrillar and reticular appearance. A pore situated between a reduced density granule and the cell membrane was occasionally observed. The neighbouring granules were connected by a tunnel. Small intracellular spaces containing small quantities of remnants of the granule matrices originated from the labyrinth structure. The concentration of dissolved antigen was reduced by sneezing and secretion. The findings were observed immediately after provocation changed, in a time lapse of ten minutes, while a small amount of antigen continued to react with the mast cells. Thus the findings observed ten minutes after provocation represent slowly occurring changes in mast cells. It can be further speculated that the mast cells in nasal allergy show both rapid and slow ultrastructural changes in accordance with the amount of inhaled antigen in the nasal cavity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Acute toxicity study of KB-944, a new calcium antagonist.

The acute toxicity of diethyl 4-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzylphosphonate (KB-944) was studied in mice, rats and dogs: In mice and rats, toxic symptoms such as deceleration of spontaneous movement, ataxic gait, disappearance of righting reflex, reduction in body temperature and suppression of breathing appeared following administration of a single dose of KB-944. The symptoms developed in dogs were depression, bradycardia and labored breathing. The LD50 values determined in male and female rats were 1622 and 1555 mg/kg, respectively, for oral administration, 2216 and 2820 mg/kg for subcutaneous injection, and 762 and 479 mg/kg for intraperitoneal injection. The LD50 values determined in male and female mice were 2807 and 3856 mg/kg, respectively, for oral administration, greater than 4000 mg/kg for subcutaneous injection, and 815 and 777 mg/kg for intraperitoneal injection. As shown above, there was no evident difference in LD50 between sexes in either species of animals. Since many of the dogs given an oral dose larger than 1000 mg/kg vomited the drug, oral LD50 value could not be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

1-month subacute oral toxicity study of KB-944, a new calcium antagonist, in rats.

Diethyl 4-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzylphosphonate (KB-944), a new Ca-antagonist, in the dose range of 25--200 mg/kg/day, was orally administered to Jcl:SD rats for five consecutive weeks and the following results were obtained. Neither death nor inhibition of body weight gain nor any toxic symptoms of the drug were noted in rats but an increase in water intake was found in the rats treated with over 100 mg/kg/day of KB-944. In plasma there was a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity, creatinine level and cholinesterase activity and an increase in GPT activity and total cholesterol level in rats given a higher dosage of the drug. Weight gain of the liver, kidneys, heart, adrenals and ovaries, and degeneration in the epithelium of the renal proximal tubule were observed. However, none of these changes were serious and the maximum non-toxic dose of KB-944 was 25 mg/kg/day.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

1-month subacute oral toxicity study of KB-944, a new calcium antagonist, in beagles.

Using male and female Beagles, we studied the subacute toxicity of diethyl 4-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzylphosphonate (KB-944) administered orally and the following results were obtained. No dogs died during the administration period. Both male and female dogs given 200 mg/kg and those given 100 mg/kg underwent body weight decrease and inhibition of body weight increase, respectively. Enlargement of liver cells occurred in male dogs given 200 mg/kg and female dogs given 100 or 200 mg/kg. There were no further findings, even histopathologically, which showed any toxic effect of the drug. The maximum non-toxic dose of this drug was considered to be 30 mg/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Computer analyses of Rohrer's coefficients.

In the field of respiratory physiology computers have been used for theoretical and automatic analyses of the test results. The purpose of this paper is to clarify whether computers are available in measurement of the nasal resistance. The nasal cavities, simulated by an acryl resin model, were ventilated at various volumes and speeds. The pressure and flow changes were recorded by a data recorder and analyzed by a minicomputer according to the prescribed situations. Rohrer's formula P = K1V+K2V2 and its modification R = K1+K2V were used for calculation of K1 and K2. The calculated values differed significantly when sampling was made on a particular part of the respiratory excursion or sampling time was extraordinarily prolonged. They were also different from the ordinary values when too slow or too rapid ventilatory speed was applied. It was concluded that more than twenty samplings were necessary at regular intervals in a normal inspiratory or expiratory phase. Too slow and too rapid respiration should be avoided because of functional limitations of the measuring apparatus.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1978

Basic study of nasal provocative test. Second report: assessment method on provocative reaction.

Because no simple and precise method is available to test intensity of the reaction resulted from a nasal provocative test in diagnosis of nasal allergy, comparisons were made among the conventional test methods of rhinoscopy (RS), rhinomanometry (RM) and the carbon powder elimination test (CET) devised by the authors. The rhinoscopy shows high positive rates and has advantages being free from any special equipment, prolonged time or the patients' cooperation, but also had disadvantages such as requirement of skill of examiner and problems in objectivity. The carbon powder elimination test is a preferable method in that it is not only equipped with the advantages of the rhinoscopy but also makes up for its disadvantages, but a disadvantage of CET is requirement of longer time than RS. Rhinomanometry had lower positive rates and requires a special equipment, prolonged time and the skillful patients' cooperation. The disadvantage is that its impracticableness in many patients--26% impracticableness even in adult patients, but the method is fully objective. From these findings the value of Carbon Powder Elimination Test in judging provoked reactions is recognized.

Adolescent↗