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Biomedical subjects

T Tsutsui

Publications and source records attributed to T Tsutsui.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies of rokitamycin dry syrup in the field of pediatrics].

We studied the absorption and excretion as well as the clinical effect of rokitamycin (RKM, TMS-19-Q) dry syrup. The results we found are summarized as follows: 1. When 3 pediatric patients were medicated orally with a single dose of 10 mg/kg of the drug, its peak concentrations of 0.75 and 0.51 microgram/ml appeared in the blood in 30 minutes after administration in 2 patients, and of 0.21 microgram/ml in 1 hour in the other patient. At 4 hours after administration, its concentration in the blood was 0.07-0.08 microgram/ml in all of the patient, and at 6 hours, it was undetectable. T1/2 values were 1.05-2.08 hours. First 6-hour urinary recovery rates of the drug in the first 2 patients were 1.52 and 1.11%, respectively. 2. Twenty-four patients with 25 diseases were medicated with 7.14-12.5 mg/kg of the drug 3-4 times daily for 4-10 days. The patients consisted of 12 with tonsillitis, 7 with bronchitis, 3 with colitis, one each with Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia, mycoplasmal pneumonia, and pertussis. Clinical responses to the treatment were excellent in 7, good in 13, and poor in 5, with an efficacy rate of 80.0%. Bacteriologically, of 17 isolates whose changes were followed, 8 were eradicated, 1 decreased, and 8 remained unchanged, with an eradication rate of 47.1%. 3. No adverse reactions to the drug were observed in any of these patients, while abnormal laboratory test values observed were slight eosinophilia and also slight elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT in one of the patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical experience with sultamicillin fine granules in pediatric field].

Sultamicillin fine granules were used orally in 18 pediatric patients with infections in doses ranging 7.3-10.0 mg/kg t.i.d. or q.i.d. The following is a summary of the results: 1. Clinical efficacies in 16 cases with tonsillitis were excellent in 13 cases, good in 2 cases and fair in 1 case. Efficacy in 1 case of bronchitis and 1 case of pneumonia were good. The overall efficacy rate in the 18 cases was 94.4%. 2. Four out of 5 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were eradicated but 1 strain persisted. Three out of 7 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were rated as eradicated, 1 strain as decreased and 3 strains as persisted. Two strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 3 strains of Haemophilus parainfluenzae were eradicated. The bacteriological efficacy rate for the 17 strains was 70.6%. Four strains out of the 17 were found to produce beta-lactamase and 3 strains were suspected, to produce the enzyme, but of these 7 strains, 5 strains were eradicated. 3. Diarrhea and loose stool were observed as side effects in each of 2 cases. It appeared that diarrhea was related to this drug. A slight elevation of GOT was observed in 1 case in laboratory tests. 4. This drug appears to be easy for children to take in terms of taste and smell.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Intoxication with sulindac, tiaramide hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium.

Overdosage intoxication of sulindac, tiaramide and diclofenac caused excitability of central nervous system, followed by unconsciousness. The case was treated with ordinary therapies and direct hemoperfusion (DHP). Serum concentrations of these drugs and their metabolites were correlated well with the clinical symptoms. DHP may be effective to eliminate these drugs and their metabolites.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intracranial pressure following cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) was measured in six patients following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The causes of cardiac arrest were respiratory or circulatory problems and the primary intracranial pathology was not detected. The measurement of ICP started 3 to 10 h following CPR except one patient in whom it started on the day 7. Duration of ICP measurement ranged from 2 to 7 days. In five out of six patients, ICP persistently remained below 20 mmHg. In the remaining one patient, ICP elevation associated with seizure activity was observed and ICP ultimately increased to 57 mmHg. Among these, four patients died and two remained in a persistent vegetative state. These results suggest that ICP following CPR does not necessarily increase if the patient has no primary intracranial pathology or seizures.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The clinical significance of the P15 wave of the somatosensory evoked potential in tentorial herniation.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to median nerve stimulation and auditory brainstem evoked potentials (BAEPs) were recorded in 16 comatose patients who had suffered transtentorial herniation (TH) due to intracranial haematoma, hydrocephalus or tumour. An attempt was made to correlate the changes in the N14-P15 component of the central conduction time (CCT) and the I-V interpeak latencies (IPLs) of the BAEP with the clinical severity of TH. The N14-P15 component was not affected in seven patients at the diencephalic or early third-nerve stage, and six of these seven showed normal I-V IPLs. All six patients at the late third-nerve/midbrain stage or worse, however, showed abnormalities in the N14-P15 components. Interestingly, five patients showed dissociation of SEP and BAEP abnormalities suggesting a differential sensitivity of the medial and lateral lemnisci in the brainstem to ischaemia and/or compression. All five patients in whom the P15 potential was absent on either side had a poor outcome and there was a correlation between the electrical failure in the N14-P15 component and the degree of brainstem damage caused by TH as assessed clinically. Reversible loss of the P15 potential by brainstem retraction has been shown in intraoperative SEP monitoring during aneurysm surgery. Prolonged compression of the upper brainstem seems to cause irreversible loss of the P15 which should be regarded as being due to irrecoverable brainstem dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

17beta-Estradiol-induced cell transformation and aneuploidy of Syrian hamster embryo cells in culture.

The ability of 17 beta-estradiol to induce morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells was examined and dose-dependent increases were observed over the concentration range of 1-10 micrograms/ml. However, treatment of the cells with 17 beta-estradiol failed to induce any detectable increases in gene mutations, chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges or unscheduled DNA synthesis. In contrast, over the dose range that was effective in inducing cell transformation, 17 beta-estradiol induced numerical chromosome changes (both chromosome gains and losses). These findings are similar to the reported observations with the synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol, and support the hypothesis that aneuploidy induction is important in cell transformation and possibly carcinogenesis induced by estrogens.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1987

Determination of the source of immunoreactive relaxin in the cat.

We have recently reported the secretory profile of relaxin throughout gestation in the cat. Because the appearance of relaxin begins at about Day 20 (Day O = ovulation) and because implantation begins shortly before this at Days 13-14, we hypothesized that relaxin was of feto-placental origin. To test this hypothesis, we used 4 experimental groups: 1) Control (laparotomy-only at Day 23 or 42, n = 4); 2) Early Ovariectomy (Ovx, bilateral ovariectomy between Days 23 and 26, n = 4); 3) Late Ovx (bilateral ovariectomy between Days 40 and 44, n = 4); 4) Tissue Removal (removal of feto-placental units, uterus, and one ovary on Days 16, 21, 28 and 35, n = 1 per day). Pregnancies were maintained in both Ovx groups by progesterone administration. Relaxin secretory patterns in Ovx groups were similar to the Control data. Relaxin was detectable in plasma beginning at about Day 20, with maximum concentrations reached by Day 30. Relaxin concentrations were highest (immunoactivity per mg tissue) in homogenates of placental tissues as compared to luteal, fetal, or uterine tissues. Altogether, these data indicate that the feto-placental unit is the source of relaxin in the cat.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Clinical pharmacology of a new antidepressant, Y-8894 in healthy young and elderly volunteers.

In the first experiment the influences of a single oral administration of a new antidepressant, Y-8894 50 mg, nortriptyline 50 mg, and placebo on physiological and psychological parameters were evaluated by a double-blind, crossover method in 10 healthy male volunteers. As the second experiment eight elderly healthy men were also recruited to examine the clinical pharmacology of Y-8894. Y-8894 50 mg showed no significant anticholinergic, sedative, or cardiovascular effect on any of the measures used in young subjects. In the elderly Y-8894 50 mg increased pulse rate (P less than 0.05-0.01), lowered systolic blood pressure (P less than 0.05-0.005), and decreased salivary flow (P less than 0.05) compared with those of pre-drug baseline. C.f.f. was improved after Y-8894 50 mg, but not significantly. Neither psychomotor performance nor immediate memory was influenced after either treatment in young subjects. Furthermore, in the elderly Y-8894 50 mg did not affect these parameters. In the elderly both k21 and ke were smaller, t1/2,z was longer, and AUC was larger compared with young subjects (P less than 0.01). In conclusion, Y-8894 50 mg seemed to lack the anticholinergic, sedative and cardiovascular effects which were observed after nortriptyline 50 mg in young subjects. In the elderly some affects were recognized, in part, due to pharmacokinetic alteration.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Bacteriological and clinical studies of flomoxef in the pediatric field].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new parenteral oxacephem antibiotic, was studied bacteriologically and clinically. 1. The MIC and MBC values of FMOX and cefuzonam (CZON) were determined against strains of Staphylococcus aureus recently isolated from clinical materials. In MICs against methicillin- and cefazolin (CEZ)-sensitive strains, FMOX and CZON were almost equivalent. In MBC, FMOX showed lower values than CZON. Against resistant strains, both MIC and MBC values indicated that FMOX was superior to CZON, and particularly, values showed large differences in MBC. 2. FMOX was administered intravenously at doses of 20.0-35.1 mg/kg 3 or 4 times daily to 17 children aged 2 months to 8 years. The therapeutic effect was determined in 16 cases (pneumonia 9 cases, pyothorax 1, urinary tract infection 2, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome 1, cellulitis 2 and arthritis 1). One remaining case was unevaluable and later found to be mycoplasmal pneumonia. The effect was determined as excellent in 10 cases and good in 6 cases. All the causative organisms detected in these evaluable cases were eliminated. 3. There were no symptoms or findings that suggested the occurrence of side effects of the drug in any of the 17 cases. With regard to laboratory values, a slight elevation of GPT was found in 1 case only. 4. In a case with pyothorax, the concentration of the drug in the pleural fluid determined on the day following the initiation of treatment was 18.2 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes after intravenous injection of the drug at 33 mg/kg. The concentration was 46.7 times as high as the MIC (0.39 micrograms/ml) against the causative organism S. aureus. 5. Two doses of FMOX were intravenously administered at the dose of 50 mg/kg to a female infant ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection which had been treated with other drugs. In this case showing relatively low cell counts of 171-240/mm3 in the ventricular fluid, concentrations of the drug measured by HPLC were as low as 0.53 and 0.98 micrograms/ml 1 hour after intravenous injection of the drug. 6. The above results suggested that FMOX is a new antibiotic drug easy to use and effective for the treatment of general infections in children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Interaction between neurogenic and metabolic factors upon deterioration in cerebrovascular tonus--experimental study on the etiology of cerebral vasoparesis].

It is widely accepted that a tremendous increase in cerebral blood volume (CBV) due to progressive cerebral vasoparesis is an essential to the development of acute brain swelling. This study was designed to determine whether neurogenic and/or metabolic factors are predominant and how these interact with each other in producing cerebral vasoparesis. Fifty-one awake cats immobilized with pancuronium bromide were divided into 4 groups: group I, control; group II, normocapnic hypoxia (PaO2 = 50 mmHg); group III, normoxic hypercapnia (Pa-CO2 = 70 mmHg), and group IV, increased intracranial pressure (ICP = 40 mmHg) by brain compression. Systemic arterial pressure (BP), CBV (photoelectric method), and ICP (epidural pressure) were continuously recorded. The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DM) and the reticular formation of the midbrain (MB-RF) were bilaterally coagulated by a stereotaxic technique (3mA, 1 min). Therefore alterations in cerebrovascular tonus created by destruction of the cerebral vasomotor centers were examined in the animals with metabolically induced cerebral vasodilatation to various degree's. In group I, vasomotor center destruction resulted in an immediate and transient decrease in BP (DM; -14.1 +/- 6.7 mmHg, MB-RF; -10.2 +/- 4.8 mmHg) and simultaneous increase in CBV and ICP (DM; 7.6 +/- 7.0 mmHg, MB-RF; 6.0 +/- 5.6 mmHg) for 3 to 4 minutes. Increase in ICP by destruction of vasomotor centers reduced significantly in group II (DM; 2.3 +/- 2.6 mmHg, MB-RF; 1.6 +/- 1.2 mmHg) and reduced slightly in group IV (DM; 7.5 +/- 4.0 mmHg, MB-RF; 4.8 +/- 3.2 mmHg). In these 3 groups, autoregulation of cerebral blood flow and CO2 vasoreactivity were not changed by destruction of vasomotor centers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗