Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Tsuji.
A case of chronic uveitis resistant to steroid treatment was reported where plasma exchange therapy, in contrast, had a remarkable effect on reducing the cystoid macular edema and retinal phlebitis. The removed plasma showed an elevated level of immune complex, and Western blotting demonstrated that this immune complex in the plasma contained retinal S antigen.
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A 29-year-old man with Cockayne's syndrome (CS), presenting reversible ischemic neurological deficit is reported. In his past history, hearing disturbance developed at 6 years old and visual disturbance at 12 years old. His parents have consanguinious marriage. He came to our hospital complaining of right-sided hemiparesis and speech disturbance. He was 115.8 cm tall and his weight 20 kg. The characteristic manifestation of CS, i. e., dwarfism, mental retardadation, cachectic feature, retinal atrophy, neural deafness and calcification of bilateral basal ganglia were all noticed. A CT scan on admission revealed marked brain atrophy as well as the intracranial calcifications, while no lesions compatible with his neurological findings were detected. Cerebral ischemic state was mostly suspected. Following up with conservative therapy by the use of fibrinolytic agent, his neurological deteriorations disappeared on the 4th hospital day. Cerebral angiograms showed stenotic lesions of both C1-C2 portion of the left internal carotid artery and the right middle cerebral artery, and the aneurysm in the right internal carotid artery. Such atherosclerotic vascular change as observed in the cerebral angiograms in this case have progressed rapidly for his age. In this case, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipoproteinemia such as increased total cholesterol, increased triglyceride, decreased HDL and increased apoprotein B and C II were complicated for the risk factor of the atherosclerosis. It's controversial that early progress of atherosclerosis is due to ideopathic original feature of CS or to the secondary change from these complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An attempt was made to elucidate the relationship between the progestational activities and antitumor effects of various steroid hormones in vitro and in vivo. The established cell line (Ishikawa cells) of a human endometrial adenocarcinoma bearing estrogen and progesterone receptors was used in this study. Sixteen kinds of steroid hormones including progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and danazol were used in vitro. Each hormone was administered at 20 micrograms/ml continuously from the 4th day of culture and the growth curve was evaluated. The effects of progesterone, MPA and danazol at a dosage of 24 mg/kg/day for 53 days on the tumor induced in athymic nude mice with Ishikawa cells were also evaluated. Three kinds of hormones, progesterone, 16 alpha-methylprogesterone and danazol revealed cytocidal effects on the cells in vitro. There was no relationship between the progestational activity and cytocidal effect of each steroid hormone. On the other hand, no significant tumor regression was observed in vivo, but progesterone and danazol showed a tendency to suppress the growth of the tumor. These results suggest that the cytotoxic properties of progesterone may play a more important role than progestational action the cytocidal effect in vitro. It has been known that MPA had antitumor effects on DMBA-induced mammary cancer in rat and human endometrial cancer. However, MPA did not show a significant antitumor effect either in vitro or against the transplanted tumor in this study. Therefore, it was suggested that the antitumor effect of MPA is not direct action on the tumor cells, but indirect action through the interstitial cells of the target organ.
Assessment of brace treatment for idiopathic scoliosis should be based on long-term follow-up results compared with those in untreated cases. Such comparison, however, is extremely difficult from an ethical standpoint. Therefore, we conducted a comparable follow-up study on three groups of patients divided according to how well the brace had been worn during the period of treatment. Two hundred and twenty-six adolescent idiopathic cases in which brace treatment had been initiated before skeletal maturity were studied, 170 of which were followed up after the termination of the treatment. In 131 single curve cases, those who had worn the brace well showed significantly less progression than those who had worn it poorly, while 38 double curve cases failed to show significant difference between the two groups. Approximately two thirds of the cases demonstrated no major progression whether the brace had been worn well or not. Development of a method to select cases based on prediction of curve progression is an important project in the near future.
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The intracranial pressure (ICP) irregularities, i.e., pressure waves, were studied in dogs with experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Animals were lightly anesthetised, immobilised with panchronium bromide and respirated artificially. Subarachnoid infusion of hemolysed red blood cells was used to induce intracranial hypertension. Recordings of both systemic blood pressure (SBP) and ICP were undertaken continuously. After the infusion of hemolysed blood the ICP increased gradually and reached to 50 mmHg or more at the terminal stage. The pressure waves were classified into two types, i.e., the fast waves and the slow waves. The fast waves had a duration of 10-30 seconds, being accompanied by a marked increase of the SBP. The slow waves gradually increased their frequency and the duration, when the ICP increased more than 20 mmHg or more resembling plateau-like waves. Postmorten examination showed hemogenic meningitis at the base of the brain, especially the medulla oblongata. The results suggest that studies of the slow waves is of value for analyzing plateau waves.
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In this hospital, gastric cancers showed a slightly lower incidence (9.3%) of hematemesis and/or melena than gastric ulcers (13.9%), and no distinct difference in such incidence between early gastric cancers and advanced gastric cancers was observed. A study of the literature on early gastric cancers presenting such symptoms revealed that male patients showed an extremely high incidence of these symptoms, as did those with depressed lesions, including types II c + III, and lesions occurring in the MC-C regions dominated by the left gastric artery.
Proteolytic digests of interleukin-2 from a human leukemic T-cell line produced by Escherichia coli carrying a recombinant DNA were analyzed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The mass values of intense signals observed in the mass spectrum were consistent with peptides predicted from the nucleotide sequence of cDNA for human interleukin-2, an indication that the protein with the predicted amino acid sequence was produced by E. coli. BrCN and proteolytic digests of interleukin-2 obtained from cultured cells were also examined by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The observed mass values were identical with those from interleukin-2 from E. coli except for that of the NH2-terminal sequence, in which the Thr residue at position 3 was bound to a sugar moiety. The mass spectra of the digests of the two interleukin-2 preparations and synthetic peptides with sequences from 117 to 128 and 121 to 128 predicted from the nucleotide sequence of cDNA for a human interleukin-2 indicated that Cys residues at positions 58 and 105 are linked by a disulfide bond and that the Cys residue at position 125 is free.
Heat-labile enterotoxin produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and cholera enterotoxin are both composed of A and B subunits. The A subunit is an enzymatically active ADP-ribosylating subunit, while the B subunit, consisting of 103 amino acids, binds the toxin to a receptor, GM1-ganglioside, on the cell surface. A mutant isolated after treatment of E. coli producing heat-labile enterotoxin with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine produces a B subunit that is unable to bind to ganglioside. This subunit was purified and its primary amino acid sequence was determined. It differed from the native B subunit in only one amino acid at position 33; namely it had aspartate instead of glycine at position 33 from the N terminus. Thus glycine at position 33 from the N terminus of the B subunit is important for binding the B subunit to the ganglioside receptor.
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Structures of anionic oligosaccharides released by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H from human thyroglobulin (19 S) purified from normal and malignant (papillary carcinoma) thyroid tissues were studied by sequential exoglycosidase digestion and lectin affinity chromatography. It was revealed that sialylated hybrid-type oligosaccharides were present in thyroglobulin from normal thyroid tissue, whereas, in the case of thyroglobulin from malignant thyroid tissue, phosphorylated high-mannose type and hybrid-type oligosaccharides each containing one phosphate group in a diester linkage were present instead of sialylated oligosaccharides. The possible meaning of the phosphorylated oligosaccharides was discussed in relation to the low thyroglobulin content in malignant thyroid tissue.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect insoluble liver cell membrane antigen (LMAg) which gives rise to serum LMA (anti-LM) in HBsAg-negative patients. The optical density (OD) ratio of the average LMAg level of normal subjects was less than 1.2. In HBsAg-positive cases, high LMAg levels (OD ratio greater than 2.4) were noted in 8 of 8 patients with acute hepatitis (AH), 3 of 8 with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 5 of 10 with moderate chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), 7 of 10 severe CAH and 4 of 8 with liver cirrhosis (LC). In HBsAg-negative cases, however, high LMAg levels were noted in only 6 of 8 patients with AH, 1 of 10 with CPH, 1 of 10 with moderate CAH, 1 of of 10 with severe CAH, 0 of 8 with LC, 0 of 8 with fatty liver and 5 of 10 with alcoholic hepatitis. In micro-immunodiffusion experiments, intensively absorbed rabbit anti-rat LM precipitated two organ-specific components of rat liver homogenate, one of which was identical to liver specific protein (LSP). In immunohistochemical demonstrations of LMAg and LSP, anti-LM, prepared from the serum of a HBsAg-negative CAH patient, bound to both human and rat acetone-fixed liver cell membranes, but not to those of human or rat kidneys. Absorbed rabbit anti-rat LM also bound to liver cell membranes, but absorbed anti-rat LSP lacked organ-specificity when assayed with the immunofluorescence technique using acetone-fixed liver sections. In conclusion, the appearance of serum LMAg was associated with high-SGPT patients and HBsAg-positive CAH patients.
Both threo and erythro 1-fluorodehydroxylated chloramphenicol analogues were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. None showed antibacterial or antifungal activity, clearly demonstrating that substitution of the secondary hydroxyl group with fluorine abolishes the antibacterial activity of the parent compound, chloramphenicol. This finding sharply contrasts with that of previous workers, in which fluorination of the 3-hydroxyl group enhanced antibacterial activity against many chloramphenicol-resistant strains.
Stainless-steel cannulas were inserted into isolated internal carotid arteries of the dog to observe vasoconstrictor responses to thiopentone. Thiopentone at a relatively large dose (100-3,000 micrograms) induced vasoconstrictor responses in a dose-dependent manner. A dose of 1 mg thiopentone usually produced a definite increase in perfusion pressure of greater than 50 mm Hg. These effects were not influenced by treatment with phentolamine in doses that significantly suppressed noradrenaline-induced vasoconstrictor responses. Diltiazem inhibited the constriction in response to thiopentone as well as that to potassium chloride in a noncompetitive antagonistic manner. It is suggested that the constriction induced by thiopentone may be due in part to activation of the calcium-inward channel in the wall of the internal carotid artery.
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