Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Tsuchida

Publications and source records attributed to T Tsuchida.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Empyema of cavum septi pellucidi and cavum vergae--case report].

A case of an empyema of cavum septi pellucidi and cavum Vergae is reported. A 60-year-old male was admitted because of fever, chill shivering, and slight conscious disturbance four days after head trauma. CT scan on admission showed cavum septi pellucidi and cavum Vergae. Lumbar puncture revealed whitish cloudy CSF containing 12256/3 WBC. So he was treated with antibiotics under the diagnosis of suppurative meningitis. Five days after administration of antibiotics high fever went down and consciousness was cleared. But about 10 days later his conscious level was lowered again. The follow up CT demonstrated remarkable expansion of cavum septi pellucidi and cavum Vergae with enhanced cavity wall. Empyema of the cavums was suspected and stereotaxic operation was performed. 10 ml of yellowish pus was aspirated. Post operative course was uneventful. CT scan of 15 days after operation revealed a marked decrease in size of the cavums, which almost completely disappeared three months later. Case similar to this was not found to be reported. The mechanism of formation of empyema of cavum septi pellucidi and cavum Vergae after meningitis in this case is discussed.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[Cerebral ischemic lesions in children and primary cerebral angiitis: report of two cases].

Case 1. A seven-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital shortly after developing right hemiplegia and motor aphasia during rope-jumping play. Neither cervical trauma nor signs of cervical and pharyngeal inflammation were present. The physical examination was negative. The carotid angiogram on the day of admission gave poor visualization of the middle cerebral artery group, although the computerized tomographic finding was not remarkable. His neurological status gradually got better, while the routine laboratory studies gave only a slight increase of ESR (26 mm/hour) and positive CRP(I+). There were no particular findings of CSF from lumbar tap or of serological studies. The second computerized tomographic scan 42 hours after clinical onset showed a wide low dense area with obscure margin in the left parieto-temporal region, which was enhanced variously with intravenous contrast media. In about ten days his clinical state was remarkably improved. The second carotid angiogram one month after admission showed a poor filling of the middle cerebral artery territory and beaded appearance of the artery. The patient was discharged on the 46th day with a minimum right hemiparesis. Case 2. A ten-year-old boy was admitted with complaint of right hemiparesis and motor aphasia developing at night. The physical examination was negative. The laboratory studies were also negative. The computerized tomographic scan five days after onset showed a low dense area in size of 2 x 1.5 x 2 cm in the region of the left Nucleus lentiformis. No enhancement effect was seen. The left carotid angiogram on the same day revealed stenotic lesions at the M1 and the posterior temporal artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arteritis↗
PubMed1985

Immunogenicity of melanoma-associated gangliosides in cancer patients.

The immunogenicity of gangliosides found on human melanoma cells was determined from sera of 26 melanoma patients who were immunized every 1-4 weeks for 4 months with tumor-cell vaccine (TCV) prepared from cultured melanoma cells. Total lipid-bound sialic acid in the gangliosides isolated from TCV was 0.38 mumol/10(8) cells, and was distributed as follows: 44.8% to GM3, 44.2% to GD3, 5.6% to GM2, and 4.6% to GD2. Sera were tested at monthly intervals for antibodies to each ganglioside by ELISA with purified gangliosides as the antigen source. The immunologic specificity of the antibody was confirmed by absorption tests. None of the 26 patients had detectable anti-GM3, anti-GD3, or anti-GD2 antibodies before immunization, although anti-GM2 antibody was detected in 3 patients. After immunization, 2 patients developed IgM anti-GD2, 10 developed IgM anti-GM2, and 2 developed IgG anti-GM2 antibodies. No patient developed detectable anti-GM3 or anti-GD3 antibodies. These results indicate that both GD2 and GM2 expressed on human melanoma cells are immunogenic in humans, although GM2 appears to be more immunogenic. The other two gangliosides, GM3 and GD3, are present in human sera and in human normal tissues, and thus immunologic tolerance may have been established against these gangliosides. Alternatively, circulating GM3 and GD3 may have neutralized anti-GM3 and anti-GD3 antibodies, if any were induced by TCV immunization.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

Computed tomographic and histopathological studies of pontine glioma.

Correlative study of computed tomography (CT) and pathologic findings was performed in eight cases of pontine glioma. All patients except one had chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with no surgical intervention. On initial CT scans, all patients had hypodense lesions in part or the whole of the pons, and there was evidence of mass effect. Four of eight cases showed contrast enhancement. After chemotherapy and radiotherapy, swelling of the pons and the width of the hypodense areas decreased. The hypodense areas sometimes became isodense in correlation with clinical amelioration. After several months of remission in responding cases, ring-enhanced lesions reappeared at the primary site, together with recurrent neurological signs. Pathological study postmortem was focused on the histological counterparts of the CT findings of central and perifocal hypodense areas and contrast enhancement. In six of seven treated cases, the central hypodense area surrounded by ring enhancement was shown to be coagulation necrosis. Higher cellularity and hypervascularity with glomeruluslike structures of small vessels were generally observed in enhanced areas. The areas diffusely infiltrated by tumor cells, but not enhanced in CT scans, had few abnormal vessels. Tumor cells were seen not only in hypodense areas around the enhanced portion but also in areas far beyond the enhanced portion. Exophytic expansion of tumor was observed in two cases on postmortem examination. One of these was detected by CT scans before death.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral hemodynamics in patients with moyamoya disease. A study of regional cerebral blood flow by the 133Xe inhalation method.

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by the 133Xe inhalation method in 20 young patients with moyamoya disease and five young healthy volunteers. Most patients showed low values of mean hemispheric blood flow in both hemispheres. Regional cerebral blood flow was at a low value in the upper frontal region and at an almost average value in the posterotemporal and occipital regions, which was different from the "hyperfrontal" pattern in healthy volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow was reduced evenly by hyperventilation. By 5% CO2 inhalation, regional cerebral blood flow was increased in the temporooccipital regions and was nearly unchanged or decreased in the frontal region.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The role of Langerhans cells in antigen presentation.

Epidermal Langerhans cells are dendritic bone marrow-derived cells which synthesize and express Ia antigens. During the past decade, in vitro studies have demonstrated that they play a critical role in the induction of many types of T-cell responses. Specifically, Langerhans cells are effective antigen-presenting cells in allogeneic and antigen specific proliferative and cytotoxic T-cell responses. This paper reviews these functions and suggests areas of future investigations into the mechanisms involved in T-cell activation by Langerhans cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Studies on macrophage-activating factor (MAF) in antitumor immune responses. I. Tumor-specific Lyt-1+2- T cells are required for producing MAF able to generate cytolytic as well as cytostatic macrophages.

In the present study we investigated some of the cellular mechanisms for the generation of macrophage-activating factor(s) (MAF) in immune responses to tumor antigens. C3H/HeN mice were immunized to syngeneic MH134 hepatoma or MCH-1-A1 fibrosarcoma by intradermal inoculation of viable tumor cells, followed by the surgical resection of the tumor. Spleen and lymph node cells from these tumor-immune mice were stimulated in vitro with the corresponding tumor cells, and supernatant from such a culture was tested for an ability to activate macrophages to exert their cytostatic and cytolytic activities as detected on tumor cells unrelated to immunizing tumors. Peritoneal adherent cells as a macrophage source, which were preincubated with supernatant from co-culture of tumor-unimmunized normal spleen and lymph node cells plus tumor cells, failed to exhibit any significant antitumor effect on unrelated X5563 tumor cells, whereas the addition of supernatant from cultures containing immune lymphocytes to adherent cells resulted in appreciably potent cytostatic and cytolytic effects on X5563 tumor cells, indicating the generation of MAF in culture supernatant. The activation of tumor-immune spleen and lymph node cells for MAF generation was tumor-specific, because anti-MH134- and anti-MCH-1-A1-immune lymphocytes produced MAF by the stimulation with the respective but not with the other alternative tumor cells. Such MAF production was abolished by treatment of tumor-immune spleen and lymph node cells with anti-Thy-1.2 or anti-Lyt-1.1 but not with anti-Lyt-2.1 antibody plus complement before culturing. These results indicate that the tumor-specific Lyt-1+2- T cell subset has a crucial role in generating MAF by which an adherent cell population as a source of macrophages acquires the potential for inducing a cytolytic as well as a cytostatic effect on tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Enhanced induction of tumor-specific Lyt-1+2- T cell-mediated protective immunity by in vivo administration of interleukin 1.

The present study deals with the effect of in vivo administration of interleukin 1 (IL 1) on the induction of tumor-specific immunity. Culture fluid supernatant (CFS) containing IL 1 was obtained by stimulating J774.1 cells with lipopolysaccharide. C3H/HeN mice were inoculated intradermally with viable syngeneic X5563 tumor cells, followed by five consecutive subcutaneous or intraperitoneal inoculations of IL 1-containing CFS. Lymph node and spleen cells from IL 1-CFS-treated or -untreated C3H/HeN mice 8 days after the tumor inoculation were tested for 1) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses as measured by subsequent in vitro sensitization with X5563 cells, 2) delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses as measured by utilizing a local adoptive transfer, and 3) tumor-neutralizing activity in a Winn assay. Lymph node cells or spleen cells from IL 1-CFS-treated X5563 tumor-bearing mice not only exhibited enhanced CTL and DTH responses, but also produced complete tumor neutralization, in contrast with cells from IL 1-CFS-untreated X5563 tumor-bearing mice. In vivo protective immunity augmented by IL 1-CFS was tumor-specific and Lyt-1+2- T cell-mediated. The molecules responsible for enhanced induction of tumor-specific immunity co-migrated with IL 1 activity on gel filtration. These results indicate that IL 1 has the potential to augment tumor-specific Lyt-1+2- T cell-mediated in vivo protective immunity in tumor-bearing hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Prevention of tumor metastasis after surgical removal of primary tumor by using in vitro activated macrophages.

In vitro activation of peritoneal macrophages by Propionibacterium acnes and its immunotherapeutic potential for inhibiting metastasis was investigated. C3H/HeN mouse adherent peritoneal exudate cells as a source of macrophages were treated in vitro with P. acnes. These P. acnes-activated macrophages were tested for tumoricidal activity in vitro and antimetastatic activity in vivo. In vitro cytotoxicity tests revealed that they had potent cytotoxicity. Surgical resection of X5563 tumors in syngeneic C3H/HeN mice 10 days after the tumor implantation failed to rescue the hosts from tumor metastasis despite successful removal of the primary tumor. When the activated macrophages were transferred intravenously into C3H/HeN mice following the surgical operation, an appreciable number of mice survived without exhibiting any sign of metastasis. Thus, these results demonstrate that macrophages can be activated in vitro by utilizing appropriate stimulating reagents, and that these activated macrophages have a potent antimetastatic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Study of ruptured intracranial aneurysms with intracerebral hematomas--with special reference to operative indication].

We reviewed 40 cases of intracranial ruptured aneurysm with intracerebral hematoma (An-ICH) and compared those with 177 cases of intracranial single ruptured aneurysm causing only subarachnoid hemorrhage (An-SAH). An-ICH accounted 11.6% of the intracranial aneurysm, ruptured at the mean age of 54 years, and occurred equally in both sexes. The localization of An-ICH was 50% in the middle cerebral artery (MC), 43% in the anterior cerebral artery (AC) and 8% in the internal carotid arterial region. Forty percent of An-ICH were treated conservatively and the outcome was very misery (no useful life and 94% was poor or dead). Sixty percent of An-ICH were treated surgically (neck-clipping and removal of the hematoma) and the outcome was poor (17% useful life and 46% poor and dead). Especially in MC aneurysm, operability was 85% and post-operative useful life was 12% and post-operative poor or dead was 53%. In AC aneurysm, operability was 35% and post-operative useful life was 33% and poor or dead was 33%. These miserable results raised a question of operative indication for An-ICH. The five clinical indices (decerebration, hypertension greater than or equal to 200 mmHg, Hunt-Hess grade V, anisocoria in AC, severe shift of midline structure on X-CT) were selected, because any patients who presented with even only one of them became fatal or vegetative state regardless of conservative or surgical treatment. Assuming them as the non-operative standards, operability decreased in 35% MC, 29% AC, useful life outcome came up to 20% MC, 40% AC, and misery outcome came down to 20% MC, 20% AC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Modulation of T cell differentiation, antigen expression, and radiosensitivity of suppressor cells during late phases of graft-versus-host reactivity.

Suppressor cells generated by inoculation of (B10 X B10.A)F1 hybrid mice with parental spleen cells were characterized during the late period of graft-versus-host (GVH) reactivity, starting on day 14 after parental spleen cell injection and continuing until loss of suppressor activity. The suppressor cell potential was assessed by the ability of spleen cells from the injected F1 mice to suppress the generation of allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in vitro by normal F1 responder cells. GVH-associated suppression could be abrogated by anti-Lyt 1, anti-Lyt 2, and anti-Thy 1 plus complement (C') before day 7 postinoculation, and by anti-Lyt 2 and anti-Thy 1 thereafter. However, from day 14 postinoculation on, suppressor cells were insensitive to either of these antibodies. This phase was associated with strong suppressor potential. Subsequent to this period suppressor cells were again sensitive to anti-Thy 1, but not to anti-Lyt 1 or anti-Lyt 2 plus C'--and at the same time they decreased in suppressor activity. Moreover, during the period of resistance to anti-T-cell antibodies plus C', suppressor cells were not killed by anti-asialo GM1 plus C'; were nonadherent to Sephadex G10, and were enriched by nylon-wool passage. In the course of GVH reactivity, suppressor cells alternated in sensitivity and resistance to 500 rads and once went through a brief period of resistance to 2000 rads that was associated with strong suppression and occasionally with mortality. The kinetics of these changes in cell surface phenotype and radiosensitivity were found to vary, coinciding with the strength of the suppression, but the sequence of these events was always the same. During the entire period of GVH reactivity, suppression was mediated by parental cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

CT findings of medulloblastoma.

Computed tomography (CT) of 11 patients with medulloblastoma was evaluated. 6 of them showed solid, nearly homogenous lesions and definite enhancement after infusion of contrast medium. However, 5 cases showed heterogenous mass lesions composed of the areas of low density and iso- or slightly high density which was attenuated by contrast enhancement. Histological examinations revealed that 2 cases had differentiated medulloblastomas, but the other 3 typical medulloblastomas. It should be reminded in the differential diagnosis of cerebellar tumors of pediatric patients that medulloblastoma can reveal heterogenous mass in CT scan.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Enhanced TNP-reactive helper T cell activity and its utilization in the induction of amplified tumor immunity that results in tumor regression.

The present study was designed to investigate the generation of trinitrophenyl (TNP)-reactive helper T cell activity potent enough to induce the regression of a syngeneic tumor; this occurs by augmenting antitumor-specific immunity through T-T cell interaction. Mice whose skin was painted with trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) exhibited a variety of anti-TNP T cell responses, including delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and cytotoxic T cell responses, as well as helper T cell activity. Pretreatment of C3H/He mice with TNP-conjugated copolymer of D-glutamic acid and lysine (TNP-D-GL) or cyclophosphamide, which have been shown, respectively, to inactivate TNP-specific suppressor T cells or suppressor T cells in general, exhibited a slight or marginal augmentation of DTH and cytotoxic potentials when tested 5 wk after TNCB painting. In contrast, the same pretreatment regimens induced an appreciably amplified generation of anti-TNP helper T cell activity. This amplified TNP-helper T cell activity was demonstrated to enhance cytotoxic responses to antigens other than TNP in an antigen-nonspecific way. In fact, such helper T cells enhanced antitumor CTL responses when co-cultured with spleen cells from syngeneic X5563 plasmacytoma-bearing mice in the presence of TNBS-modified X5563 tumor cells. This amplified TNP-helper cell system was utilized for its immunotherapeutic potential. When TNCB was injected into X5563 tumor mass of syngeneic C3H/He mice in which the amplified TNP-helper T cell activity had been generated, an appreciable number of growing tumors was observed to regress. This contrasted with the low incidence of tumor regression observed in mice in which TNP-helper activity had been induced by TNCB painting without inactivation of suppressors. Thus, the present model provides an effective immunotherapeutic manipulation for eliciting enhanced in vivo tumor regression, and emphasizes a role of helper T cells in augmentation of syngeneic tumor immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Tolerance induction in tumor-specific effector T cells by presensitization with tumor antigens via the intragastric route.

The present study deals with the influence of presensitization with tumor antigens via the intragastric route on the development of syngeneic tumor-specific immunity. Tumor-specific T cell-mediated immunity could be induced in C3H/He mice by intradermal inoculation of syngeneic X5563 tumor cells, followed by the surgical resection of the tumor 7 days later (immunization procedure). However, when the mice were presensitized intragastrically (ig) with 10(8) X-irradiated (10,000 R) tumor cells for four consecutive days, these mice failed to show in vivo protective immunity even after the above immunization procedure. Winn assays performed with spleen cells from mice presensitized ig with X5563 tumor cells revealed that ig-induced suppression was specific for the tumor antigen used for the presensitization, and that suppressor cell activity was not detected in the induction or implementation of in vivo tumor-specific effector cell activity. It was also demonstrated that such unresponsiveness was accompanied by failure to develop delayed-type hypersensitivity and cytotoxic T cell responses to X5563 tumor antigens. These results are discussed in the light of the effect of presensitization with tumor antigens via inappropriate routes on the subsequent induction of in vivo tumor-specific immunity and in relation to the tumor escape mechanism which could occur in gastrointestinal cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Epidermal Langerhans cells can function as stimulatory cells but not as accessory cells in CTL induction.

In this study, we determined whether Langerhans cells (LC) can function as both stimulatory and accessory cells (ACC) in alloreactive and syngeneic modified CTL induction in vitro. LC exhibited potent Ia+ stimulatory function, comparable to spleen cells, in both allo-CTL induction and in TNP-modified CTL induction assays. In contrast to spleen cells, however, when LC were syngeneic to the responders in an Ia+-adherent cell-depleted CTL culture, they could not restore the CTL responses. This was due, in part, to the suppression of CTL induction, presumably via secretion of prostaglandin E by epidermal cells (EC), because addition of indomethacin reversed the suppression. Even in the presence of indomethacin, however, LC were unable to exhibit ACC function. Finally, we tested the possibility that both Ia+ and Ia- cells were required to fulfill ACC functions. However, when spleen cells treated with anti-Ia antibody and complement and EC and indomethacin were added to an Ia+-adherent cell-depleted CTL culture, there was no significant restoration of the CTL response. Thus, LC can clearly act as Ia+ stimulatory cells in CTL induction but cannot serve as ACC in CTL induction, whereas Ia+ spleen cells may subserve both functions. These data suggest a functional heterogeneity of Ia+ antigen-presenting cells in spleen and in epidermis.

Animals↗