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Biomedical subjects

T Toyama

Publications and source records attributed to T Toyama.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Prevention of HTLV-I transmission through the breast milk by a freeze-thawing process.

Fifteen human breast milk samples obtained from mothers seropositive for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) antigen were kept frozen overnight at -20 degrees. Each milk sample was then co-cultivated with cord lymphocytes obtained from 15 anti-HTLV-I antibody-negative mothers. No HTLV-I antigen-positive cells were detected among the cord lymphocytes subjected to co-cultivation. These results suggest that thawing of frozen breast milk may prevent HTLV-I transmission from mother to child via breast milk.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1986

[Clinicopathological study on malignant glioma--with special reference to GFAP].

In surgical specimens of 91 cases of malignant glial tumor, the correlation between the clinical malignancy of the tumors and the presence of GFA protein in the surgical specimen was examined. In anaplastic astrocytomas, 20 of 27 cases revealed positive staining of GFAP. In the cases of glioblastoma multiforme 27 of 35 cases showed GFAP positive staining. On the other hand, in medulloblastomas, all 29 cases were negative. In anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforms, the difference between the survival curves of GFAP positive groups and negative groups were examined. Between two groups, there was no statistical differences. In this study, the presence of GFAP was not proportional to the degree of tumor differentiation, and the GFAP staining of the tumor tissue was not a valuable examination showing the prognosis of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinico-pathological study of meningiomas in childhood--with special reference to malignant meningiomas].

Six cases of meningiomas which accounted for 3.6% out of 167 intracranial tumors in children were studied with clinico-pathological method. Four meningiomas located in the convexity, two meningiomas developed within the lateral ventricle. CT scan with contrast material showed homogeneous enhanced tumors in four cases. Heterogeneous enhanced tumors were observed in two malignant meningiomas. There was evidence of recurrence in three cases. Two of in these cases were malignant meningiomas. Three patients received postoperative radiotherapy. One case of malignant meningiomas died seven years after the first operation. Five cases are still alive. Macroscopically three cases had cyst formation. Four convexity meningiomas were attached to the dura matter. Three malignant meningiomas were ill-defined and invaded the normal brain tissue. One case of malignant meningiomas invaded the skull. Six meningiomas were classified histologically into two fibrous, one transitional and three malignant meningiomas according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of brain tumors. All cases were examined for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using the immunohistochemical method. Two cases of malignant meningiomas demonstrated the positive reaction to GFAP. Four cases were negative. These findings suggest that malignant meningiomas grow invasively into the surrounding normal brain tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Clinico-pathological features of intracranial germ cell tumors with dissemination or metastasis in childhood].

Recently reports of the cases with intracranial germ cell tumor associated with dissemination to the central nervous system are increased since the introduction of CT scan. The authors experienced 8 cases with the dissemination among 19 cases of intracranial germ cell tumor in childhood, and discussed their clinico-pathological features. Before the CT scan era, the authors experienced only one case with dissemination, who was a 11 years-old boy (Case 1) and revealed two cell pattern pinealoma disseminating on the subependymal layer of all ventricles and in the basal cisterns at autopsy. Since the introduction of CT scan, 4 cases were found, who showed periventricular dissemination already at the first admission. Among them three cases revealed tumors in the pineal or suprasellar region and also dissemination of tumors on the wall of the lateral ventricles. The other one (Case 3) did not reveal any tumor at pineal or suprasellar region, but disseminated tumors on the wall of the third and lateral ventricles. Histological appearances of all 4 cases were two cell pattern pinealoma by examination of surgical or CSF materials. Only one case (Case 5) was found spinal dissemination later. All 4 cases were good prognosis. The authors considered that there might be diffuse primary ependymal germ cell tumor besides diffuse metastatic one. In the CT scan era, there were three cases who showed dissemination or metastasis along their clinical courses, but had not showed at the first administration. One (Case 6) of 3 cases showed a tumor at the right thalamus at the first administration. Five years later, the tumor metastasized to the cervical cord and he died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Periodic urine cytology surveillance of bladder tumor incidence in dyestuff workers.

The validity of urine cytology surveillance of occupational bladder tumor incidence was evaluated by reviewing the clinical history of nine bladder tumor cases found in dyestuff plant workers. A bladder tumor surveillance system has been organized for workers (179) active and 65 retired) who had been exposed to benzidine or beta-naphthylamine in the plant. The system consists of two-stage tests: periodic urine cytology as the first-stage screening test, followed by, in suspicious cases, urological examinations as second-stage tests. The urine cytology surveillance was found to be useful for two reasons: first, it detected tumors in five out of six cases surveyed by athe system, and second, four cases screened by cytology had tumors curable by transurethral operation, while other cases underwent cystectomy. Calculated average latent periods from the first and last exposure was 26.4 years (SD = 6.0) and 14.0 years (SD = 6.2), respectively. This time period indicates that the surveillance system should continue to be used for the exposed group even after workers have ceased being exposed.

2-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1982

[Gastrointestinal symptoms in lead workers].

A survey of gastrointestinal symptoms was performed on 109 male lead workers in a battery manufacturing factory six months after the start of its operation. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was analysed in relation to levels of lead absorption and other relevant factors including occupational history, work shift, smoking habits, alcohol intake, frequency of meals a day, housing and sleeping hours. Subjects who had experienced gastrointestinal diseases shortly before employment were excluded. Age, blood lead and urinary delta-ALA concentration of this population were 34.3 +/- 10.3 years, 30.9 +/- 13.6 micrograms/100 ml and 2.74 +/- 1.64 mg/l (Mean +/- S.D.), respectively. Mean blood lead and urinary delta-ALA concentrations of the subjects who complained loss of appetite were significantly higher than those who did not. However, there were no significant differences in the blood lead concentration between subjects who responded yes or no to other gastrointestinal symptoms. Of the 109 male workers, 49 (45.0%) complained at least one of the five gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, abdominal discomfort, belching, heart burn and hunger pain) which are suspected to be associated with peptic ulcer. When the subjects complaining such symptoms were compared with the rest of the workers, there were no significant differences in blood lead, urinary delta-ALA, urinary coproporphyrin, smoking habits, alcohol intake, frequency of meals a day and housing. Means of age and sleeping hours on day-work were lower and proportions of the workers who were on shift duty at the time of the survey and who had not previously experienced shift work were higher in the subjects who complained such symptoms than in those who did not. It was suggested by these results that considerably high prevalences of the most of the symptoms in lead-exposed workers had been induced by the shift work or the change of jobs, although it was also suggested that the loss of appetite might have been related to lead exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cross-sectional study of pulmonary function in cadmium alloy workers.

Two groups of cadmium workers (7 and 9 men) and a group of reference workers (122 men) were studied for the purpose of determining the pulmonary effects of cadmium. Indices of pulmonary function, based on the forced expiratory flow volume curve and respiratory impedance, were measured for all the groups, and indicators of cadmium exposure and effects on renal tubular reabsorption functions were also measured in the two groups of cadmium workers. The mean blood and urinary levels of cadmium were 2.08 microgram/100 ml (185.06 nmol/l) and 32.6 microgram/l (290.04 nmol/l), respectively, and the level of inhalation exposure was estimated at about 1 mg/m3 as the 8-h average concentration for about 5 a in the high exposure group. The percentage of the predicted function values of the highly exposed workers was significantly deteriorated for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0), peak expiratory flow, maximum expiratory flow at 75, 50, and 25% of the FVC, percentage of FEV1.0 to FVC, and respiratory impedance, whereas those of the slightly exposed workers were reduced only for FVC and FEV1.0. A paired comparison between the highly exposed workers and matched referents disclosed the same results. It was concluded that chronic obstructive pulmonary changes had been induced by cadmium in Japanese workers without a history of acute or subacute cadmium pneumonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Shoshin beriberi with severe metabolic acidosis.

A case of Shoshin beriberi found in a patient with severe metabolic acidosis and shock was presented. We believe the metabolic acidosis in this case is ascribable to overproduction of pyruvate and lactate resulting from lack of thiamine due to preferential intake of sake, precooked food, and rice, and also to shock. The hemodynamic studies done after recovery from shock revealed that the cardiac output, which was initially high, decreased to a slightly low level and then increased to a normal level, concomitant with an increase in the peripheral vascular resistance after introductory administration of thiamine. After treatment with thiamine, all abnormalities disappeared.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

[Airway response to short-term inhalation of NO2, O3 and their mixture in healthy men (author's transl)].

One hour inhalation of 0.7 ppm (1.32 mg/m3) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), 0.7 ppm (1.4 mg/m3) of ozone (O3), and their mixture, 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) of NO2 and 0.5 ppm (1.0 mg/m3) of O3, and sham inhalation were conducted in five healthy male volunteers through mouth breathing using a multipurpose inhalation apparatus. Airway response was measured by specific airway conductance (Gaw/Vtg) and maximum expiratory flow rate at 50 and 25 percent forced vital capacity (Vmax50, Vmax25). Evaluations by analysis of variance revealed: no significant effect of inhalation of NO2 alone, slight significant transient decrease of Vmax50 in inhalation of O3 along (0.1 greater than p greater than 0.05), and slight reversible decrease of Gaw/Vtg and Vmax50 in inhalation of NO2 and O3 in combination (0.1 greater than p greater than 0.05). As their variations were within the range of normal diurnal change, these results were considered to be non-adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The protective effect of vitamin E on the hepatotoxic effects of CS2 in male albino rats of Wistar strain (author's transl)].

In Vitamin E deficient rats, which had received an oral CS2 administration of the dose at 1 mg/kg following a peritoneal injection of phenobarbital sodium and a fasting period of 24 hours, histopathological changes such as vacuolar degeneration and fatty infiltration of the liver were observed along with the increases in liver weight and liver/body weight ratio. On the other hand, no such effects could be found in Vitamin E supplemented rats which otherwise received the same treatment as the Vitamin E deficient group.

Alanine Transaminase↗