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Biomedical subjects

T Toba

Publications and source records attributed to T Toba.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation of a new carbapenem antibiotic, biapenem (L-627), in the pediatric field].

Biapenem (L-627) was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 27 children with various bacterial infections. L-627 was effective in cases with osteomyelitis due to Staphylococcus aureus, pneumonia and purulent meningitis due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and urinary tract infections due to Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, L-627 failed to produce good responses in 2 of 7 cases of Haemophilus influenzae infections. Pharmacokinetic parameters of 30-minutes infusion of 12 mg/kg were as follows: Cmax 29-46 micrograms/ml, T 1/2 0.68-0.94 hr. Adverse reactions were minimal. These data suggest that L-627 is safe in children, and is valuable especially for treatment of infections in immunocompromised hosts and infections due to multiply resistant bacteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A resected case of sporadic myxoma of the right ventricle: the diagnosis was supported with DNA flow cytometry].

We report a rare case of a 16-year-old male who had myxoma originating from septal band of the right ventricle. His ECG anomaly was found incidentally upon a physical examination. Subsequently, echocardiography and angiocardiography demonstrated a tumor occupying the right ventricular outflow tract and protruding into the main pulmonary artery in systolic phase. He was operated upon using extracorporeal circulation. By right ventriculotomy the tumor was resected together with septal tissue 5 mm around the stalk, which branched into the myocardium. The defect was closed using mattress sutures with Dacron felt strips. We also analyzed the DNA content of the tumor. The DNA flow cytometry yielded a single cell population with diploid DNA content. This result showed that the tumor is sporadic form of cardiac myxoma. His postoperative course was uneventful. Thirty months after the surgery, patient has no sign of recurrence. The DNA flow cytometry is helpful for detecting clinical behavior of the cardiac myxoma, because microscopic examination can not readily distinguish sporadic myxoma from so-called complex myxoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Decreased theophylline clearance in children with acute asthma with concurrent febrile respiratory infection].

Elevated serum levels of theophylline, a first-line anti-asthma drug, are sometimes associated with febrile respiratory infection (FRI). Although it seems to be wellknown, conflicting reports still appear in journals. We studied retrospectively theophylline clearance (th-cl) in 74 episodes of acute asthma (44 with and 30 without FRI, in patients aged 12-mos.-13-yrs.) and tried to reveal the effect of fever or pathogens on th-cl. Th-cl was estimated by a single sample technique during intravenous drip infusion of aminophylline. The results were as follows: 1) Forty four episodes with FRI included 20 viral, 10 bacterial and 2 Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections (Table 2). 2) Th-cl in 44 episodes with FRI was significantly lower than in 30 without FRI (p < 0.001). 3) Decreased tendency of th-cl in episodes with viral infection was observed, but statistically it was not significant (p < 0.1). However, the differences of th-cl among 9 pair-cases with and without viral infection were quite clear (p < 0.01). 4) Th-cl in episodes with 10 bacterial and 2 Mycoplasma infections was reduced significantly (p < 0.01). 5) There was no difference in th-cl between episodes with viral, and bacterial or Mycoplasma infections (p < 0.1). As a result, it is suggested that fever, regardless of its origin, may decrease th-cl in acute asthma with FRI.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Etiology of pediatric inpatients with pneumonia].

The etiology of acute pneumonia was studied in 596 pediatric inpatients at Chiba Municipal Kaihin Hospital between January 1990 and December 1991. A pathogen was identified in 389 (64.4%) episodes of pneumonia. Evidence of bacterial infection was present in 167 (28.8%) episodes, viral infection in 178 (29.9%) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in 89 (14.9%). The major bacterial pathogens were H. influenzae 117 (19.6%), S. pneumoniae 51 (8.6%), M (B). catarrhalis 24 (4.0%). RS virus was the most common respiratory virus. The peak age of the patients was 7 months to 2 years old. For bacterial pneumonia, the highest rates occurred in infants. Mycoplasma pneumonia produced the highest rates in school-age children. Mycoplasma pneumonia was prevalent at two distinct times, the first emerging in the spring of 1990 and emerging again in the autumn of 1991. RS virus and influenza virus epidemics occur during the winter. Most of the parainfluenza virus have been observed during the early summer season.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Stereotactic evacuation of massive hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage].

Six patients with massive hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and showing progression of consciousness-disturbance were treated by CT-guided stereotactic surgery. Serious complications or the age of these patients prevented evacuation of the hematomas by craniotomy under general anesthesia. The increase in the size of the intracerebral hematoma suggested by the progression of the consciousness-disturbance on admission was stopped by controlling the blood pressure. Stereotactic evacuation of the hematoma was performed using Komai's CT stereotactic apparatus 1-4 days after the onset. On the CT slice showing the maximum size of the hematoma, two target points showing each center or two circles which cover the greater part of the hematoma were determined, and then two drainage tubes were inserted into the two target points of the hematoma through two burr holes, and the hematoma was aspirated with a syringe. Postoperatively, every 12 hours, a solution of 60,000IU urokinase in 100 ml saline was irrigated into the hematoma cavity with aspiration of the hematoma, and finally 10 ml urokinase solution was left in the hematoma cavity. By 2-4 repetitions of this procedure, 83-91% of the estimated hematoma volume was evacuated using urokinase (120,000-240,000IU) for 1-2 days. Therefore, all of the cases showed improvement in the consciousness level without rebleeding or progression of serious complications. For large hypertensive intracerebral hematomas in aged patients or patients with serious complications, this stereotactic surgery can be carried out safely and rapidly through two drainage tubes using urokinase after 24 hours from the onset.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Structure of the extracellular polysaccharide from slime-forming Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris SBT 0495.

The extracellular polysaccharide obtained from slime-forming Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris SBT 0495 is composed of D-glucose, D-galactose, L-rhamnose, and phosphate. Methylation analysis of the native and dephosphorylated polysaccharides provided information on the linkage of the sugar residues and the location of the phosphate group. N.m.r. spectroscopy confirmed the structure of the polysaccharide, which is assigned the following repeating-unit: [formula: see text]

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Myeloperoxidase activity as an indicator of leukocyte infiltration into the ischemic area in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the rats].

Myeloperoxidase was solubilized with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and myeloperoxidase activity was measured with a dianisidine-H2O2 assay in the ischemic area after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. This enzyme could be measured 6 hours after the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, then showed two peaks, one after 8 hours and another after 18 to 24 hours in 2 phase fashion as could be measured as far as 7 days, which was the termination of this experiments. These findings suggest that leukocyte infiltration into the ischemic area play an important role for the extension of the ischemic area. Further study should undertake whether leukocyte depletion decrease the ischemic area or not.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Mitral valve replacement with concomitant coronary bypass for the papillary muscle rupture after acute myocardial infarction in situs inversus].

A 53-year-old man, who was known to have situs inversus totalis all of his life, had acute myocardial infarction complicated by partial rupture of the posterior papillary muscle causing mitral regurgitation and pulmonary edema. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement (Omnicarbon 27 mm) with concomitant aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass, and he is now doing well 9 months following the operation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of the successful mitral valve replacement and concomitant aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass on a patient with situs inversus totalis (mirror-image dextrocardia) in Japan.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical evaluation of a new carbapenem, meropenem, in infants and children].

A new carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem (MEPM), was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 33 infants and children. MEPM was effective in all the 32 evaluable cases including 4 cases of bacterial meningitis and 5 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The mean half life of plasma concentrations of MEPM was 0.84 +/- 0.09 hours after 30 minutes intravenous drip infusion. Mild diarrhea (2 cases), transient elevation of transaminases (8 cases), and transient eosinophilia (2 cases) were associated with the MEPM therapy, but none of them was problematic. These data suggest that MEPM is safe in infants and children and could be one of the therapeutic agents for severe infections or infections in compromised hosts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Capsular polysaccharide of a slime-forming Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris LAPT 3001 isolated from Swedish fermented milk 'långfil'.

Slime-forming Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris strain LAPT 3001 isolated from Swedish ropy sour milk 'långfil' was investigated for the chemical nature of its capsule. The capsular material purified by gel filtration chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography consisted of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, glycerol and phosphorus. It is most likely a deacylated lipoteichoic acid.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1991

Some taxonomical characteristics of encapsulated Lactobacillus sp. KPB-167B isolated from kefir grains and characterization of its extracellular polysaccharide.

A capsular polysaccharide-producing strain KPB-167B isolated from kefir grains was identified as a homofermentative Lactobacillus. The carbohydrate fermentation pattern and DNA base composition of the strain were different from those of other capsular Lactobacillus species previously isolated from kefir grains. The polysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus sp. KPB-167B was found similar to kefiran by 13C-NMR and methylation analysis. Lactobacillus sp. KPB-167B could grow and produce capsular polysaccharide in MRSL medium with better yield than L. kefiranofaciens, which suggested that it is suitable for kefiran production.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of Kawasaki's disease combined with septicemia--isolation of Streptococcus sanguis (MCLS-1) and Streptococcus pyogenes from blood at the acute stage].

The patient was diagnosed as having Kawasaki's disease. Streptococci were isolated from cultures of all blood samples collected during the acute stage (the third, fifth and seventh day of the disease). The streptococci were subsequently identified as Streptococcus sanguis (MCLS-1) and Streptococcus pyogenes. This finding may suggest induction of Kawasaki's disease by S. sanguis MCLS-1, and in this case, the complication of septicemia by S. pyogenes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Improvement of mediastinal shift after left pneumonectomy by injection of sulfur hexafluoride].

We encountered a 53-year-old patient with a carcinoid in the left main bronchus. His left lung volume was decreased and the mediastinum was markedly shifted to left. After sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was injected into the postpneumonectomy pleural space, the mediastinum gradually moved to the center. As reported by many authors, SF6 is generally used after pneumonectomy to prevent mediastinal shift and overinflation of the remaining lung. However, in our patient, SF6 injection reversed mediastinal shift and improved the overinflated lung.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Respiratory surgery through a median sternotomy utilizing the IMA-retractor].

A new utilization of the IMA-retractor for respiratory surgery is described. Following linear division of the sternum, the IMA-retractor is applied to tip upward the sternal edge on the operated side. The IMA-retractor provides excellent exposure of the lung without the need for surgical assistance and greatly facilitates respiratory operations through the median sternotomy.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1990

Scanning electron microscopic and texture studies on characteristic consistency of Nordic ropy sour milk.

The characteristic consistency of Nordic ropy sour milk was studied. Skim milk, reconstituted from non-fat dry milk, was fermented at 20 degrees C for 24 h by addition of 5% (v/v) inoculum of slime-producing (ropy) strain of Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris SBT 0495, isolated from Finnish ropy sour milk 'viili' starter culture, and its non-ropy variant SBT 1275. Measurements of texture showed that milk gel prepared by the ropy strain exhibited remarkably increased adhesiveness as compared to that by the non-ropy variant. Milk gel prepared by the ropy strain also exhibited decreased syneresis (wheying-off) as compared to that by the non-ropy variant. Scanning electron micrographs of milk gel prepared by the ropy strain showed that slime was in the form of a network attaching the bacterial cells to the protein matrix. A thick network of slime attached the casein micelle clusters to each other to make casein conglomerates, which is likely to result in the characteristic consistency of 'viili'.

Animals↗