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Biomedical subjects

T Teshima

Publications and source records attributed to T Teshima.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Clinical characteristics of hybrid leukemia: report of five cases.

We studied clinical and biological features of five cases of hybrid leukemia. Three of the five patients were classified as biphenotypic leukemia because of the coexpression of myeloid/B lymphoid markers in patients 1 (FAB M2) and 2 (FAB CMMoL) and myeloid/T lymphoid markers in patient 3 (FAB M4). Patient 4 was identified as bilineal-biphenotypic leukemia because acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (FAB M4) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (FAB L1) coexisted and each population coexpressed myeloid and T lymphoid markers. Patient 5 was identified as bilineal leukemia due to the conversion from AML (FAB M1) to ALL (FAB L1) at an interval of 3 months. The Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome was negative in all cases. A leukemic blast colony formation using cell line 5637 conditioned medium as a stimulator was obtained in all four patients examined. Three of the five patients had been suffering from so-called stem cell disorders such as aplastic anemia in patient 2, trilineage myelodysplasia in patient 4 and refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation in patient 5. The pre-existing impairment of pluripotent stem cell was probably the background of these hybrid leukemia. Hybrid leukemia appears to have an inferior prognosis: an AML-directed chemotherapy resulted in a low remission rate (2/5) with a short duration of relapse free survival (1/2) and an ALL-directed chemotherapy produced no remission (0/3). Chronological phenotypic analysis revealed that hybrid features of leukemic blasts disappeared at the time of relapse in patient 1 and progression to AML in patient 2. Monitoring of lineage-associated markers should be required for the management of hybrid leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and atypical leukemia with low-dose aclarubicin.

To study the therapeutic effect of low-dose aclarubicin (ACR), we carried out comparative treatment of 15 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and atypical leukemia using this drug. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in three patients with RAEB-t and one patient with AML, partial remission was obtained in one patient with RAEB and hematological improvement in one patient with refractory anemia (RA). Interestingly, prolonged CR for more than 26 months with persistent chromosomal abnormalities was observed in a case of AML, which progressed from RA. Myelosuppression caused by low-dose ACR was milder than that caused by low-dose Ara-C. Furthermore, in vitro studies indicated that ACR induced differentiation of bone marrow cells from one patient with MDS. From these observations, it is suggested that low-dose ACR may be an alternative to low-dose Ara-C for treatment of MDS, and that the in vivo effect of ACR may be mediated by the differentiation of abnormal hemopoietic clones.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of binding sites for spider toxin, [3H]NSTX-3, in the rat brain.

A group of spider toxins (JSTX, NSTX, argiopin, argiotoxin etc.) share a basic common structure and have been reported to block strongly quisqualate- and kainate-sensitive glutamate responses in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. They are presumed to be potent antagonists of both quisqualate and kainate receptors and may serve as useful tools for characterizing these receptors. We report here the synthesis of tritium-labeled NSTX-3 and the characterization of its binding sites in the rat brain. We found that high- and low-affinity binding sites exist in the cerebellum (Kd = 7.75 and 202 nM, Bmax = 0.37 and 5.54 pmol/mg protein, respectively). Synthetic NSTX analogs strongly inhibited [3H]NSTX-3 binding in the cerebellum (IC50 = 10(-7)-10(-6) M), whereas competitive agonists of glutamate receptors (AMPA, quisqualate, NMDA, kainate, glutamate and aspartate) exhibited weak or no inhibitory effects.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Radiation therapy for early glottic cancer (T1N0M0): II. Prospective randomized study concerning radiation field.

A prospective randomized study to determine the effect of radiation field on the local control of early glottic cancer was performed. From May 1982 through December 1985, a total of 87 patients with early glottic cancer (T1N0M0) were treated at our department with an individualized wedge filter technique using a shell to improve the dose distribution and immobilization during radiotherapy with 4 MV X ray. Patients were randomly allocated to either treatment group A (radiation field size: 5 x 5 cm2) or B (6 x 6 cm2) using bilateral parallel opposed portals. Total radiation dose administered was 60 Gy in 30 fractions over a 6-week period. The 3-year recurrence-free survival rates were 93% in group A and 96% in group B (no significant difference). Comparison with historical control showed that both arms achieved better results. These results were mainly due to the improved local control of whole-length lesions of single vocal cords. Acute mucosal reaction (p less than 0.05) and persistent arytenoid edema lasting more than 6 months (p less than 0.02) were more frequently observed in group B than in group A. It is concluded that the critical factor in getting optimal results in the treatment of early glottic cancer is careful attention to the technique of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of N-methionine-free, bacterially synthesized recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a primate model.

We demonstrate the in vivo effects of bacterially synthesized, N-methionine-free recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rh GM-CSF) using a crab-eating monkey model. Monkeys were treated with cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg) and administered with rh GM-CSF (30 micrograms/kg/d) subcutaneously (s.c.) for 7 days. Within 12 h, a transient increase of neutrophils (greater than 15.0 x 10(9)/l) was observed, and complete recovery of WBC counts was obtained by d 9 (d 16 in control monkeys). Neutrophils and eosinophils were absolutely increased (greater than 8 x 10(9)/l) on d 10. Readministration of rh GM-CSF (30 micrograms/kg/d, s.c.) for 3 d (including control monkeys) revealed absolute increases of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and platelets. A two-fold increase of granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units was also seen in the bone marrow, while the number of burst-forming units-erythroid was not affected. These data indicate that rh GM-CSF of this type stimulates granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Does a beta 2-stimulator really facilitate mucociliary transport in the human lungs in vivo? A study with procaterol.

The purpose was to study whether procaterol, a beta 2-stimulator, facilitated mucociliary transport on the ciliated airways in the human lungs. From immediately after inhalation of [99mTc]albumin aerosol, radioactivity of the thorax was continuously measured anteriorly by a gamma camera with the examinee in the supine position; the data were sequentially stored in a computer in 10-s frame mode. Three puffs (30 micrograms) of procaterol were inhaled from a metered dose inhaler at 60 min in the same supine position, and measurement of radioactivity was continued for 30 min more. Spirometry was performed before and after the measurement of radioactivity. A group of 8 normal subjects and 34 patients with various lung diseases, including 6 with bronchial asthma in remission, were studied. In addition to observation of mucus transport on the large airways by radioaerosol inhalation lung cinescintigraphy, the time-activity curve from the right lung was evaluated and the quantitative parameters for evaluating mucociliary clearance were calculated for the right lung. Following inhalation of procaterol, there were neither significant acceleration in mucus transport on the large airways by cinescintigraphy nor significant changes in the slope of time-activity curves. Quantitative parameters did not show any significant changes either, although spirometry indicated significant bronchodilation. We conclude that three puffs of inhaled procaterol neither necessarily accelerate mucus transport nor facilitate mucociliary clearance in the human lung.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor suppresses induction of neutrophil alkaline phosphatase synthesis by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

We evaluated the in vitro effects of recombinant human (rh) granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and rh granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) on neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity and the incorporation of amino acids into polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from normal individuals and patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Both the NAP activity and incorporation of amino acids into PMN were enhanced by the addition of G-CSF in a dose-dependent manner. NAP activity induced by G-CSF in PMN from CML patients showed a greater increase than that in PMN from normal controls. In contrast to G-CSF, GM-CSF did not affect the NAP activity in PMN in spite of the enhanced incorporation of amino acids into PMN by GM-CSF. Interestingly, both the NAP-inducing ability of G-CSF and its enhancing ability for amino acid incorporation were suppressed by GM-CSF in a dose-dependent manner when PMN were incubated with various concentrations of GM-CSF in addition to 100 ng/ml of G-CSF. These observations suggest that G-CSF and GM-CSF act differently: G-CSF induces NAP synthesis in PMN, whereas GM-CSF negatively modulates the effect of G-CSF. Further, it is suggested that protein synthesis induced by G-CSF is negatively modulated by GM-CSF in a general fashion.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[Radioaerosol inhalation lung imaging using technegas].

Technegas generator using 99mTc-pertechnetate was tested on 4 normal subjects and 31 patients with various chest diseases including bronchogenic carcinoma, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and so on. Technegas was inhaled from the RV to the TLC levels through the mouth with the nose clipped followed by breath-holding. Three deep breaths were enough to deposit 37-55.5 MBq (1 to 1.5 mCi) of technegas in the lungs. The average alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR) was 85% and penetration of inhaled technegas to the lung periphery was excellent. "Hot spots" or excessive radioactive deposition were also seen when there was airway obstruction. The former indicated the characteristic as gas and the latter, that as aerosol particles. Because of the large ALDR's the timing for imaging lungs after inhalation of technegas most likely indicated the intrapulmonary sites of effective ventilation, because respective inhalation and perfusion lung images resembled each other very much. The disadvantage of technegas was that it was anoxic right after generation.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors in patients with brain metastases from lung carcinoma: preliminary result of the second trial.

Between September 1980 to December 1984, 85 patients with brain metastases from lung carcinoma were consecutively evaluated and were entered into the first prospective randomized trial. Since January 1985, the second prospective randomized trial was started based on the result of the first trial, i.e., lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as the most important prognostic factor. We analyzed neurological improvement and survival of 79 patients, who were entered into the second trial until November 1988, compared with the first trial. This preliminary result suggests that LDH may also be an important prognostic factor in the second trial and neurological improvement may depend upon the irradiation dose, therefore we need further investigation in this second trial.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors for patients with osseous metastasis: a multi-institutional prospective study.

A multi-institutional prospective study for the analysis of prognostic factors for patients with osseous metastasis was performed. From February 1986 through June 1988, a total of 216 patients were included in this study. Cox's regression model made it clear that the most significant overall prognostic factor was primary site (p = 0.0002). In the lung cancer group, performance status (p = 0.0036) and metastasis of organs than bone (p = 0.0105) were also significant prognostic factors. In the breast cancer group, no significant factors were obtained. In the hepatoma group, the values for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p = 0.0021), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.0195), and sex (p = 0.0264) proved significant. In the group of other cases, the most significant prognostic factor was the value for urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (p = 0.0001), followed by the pain score of RTOG (p = 0.0018). These factors and actual survival periods obtained in this study will be useful for the future stratification of patients for individualized optimal radiation schedules.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas with prominent calcification].

A case of a solid and cystic tumor of the pancreas is presented. The immunohistochemical study of the resected tumor revealed alpha 1-antitrypsin and neuron specific enolase positive malignant cells proliferating pseudopapillary around fibrovascular stroma. Prominent calcification was characteristic in the present case.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

[Tolerance dose of the small intestines and colon in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

From the clinical data of the 199 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix from August 1978 to December 1982 using external irradiation and RALS, the tolerance dose of rectum and sigmoid colon were considered as 65 Gy and 70 Gy, respectively. On the other hand, from the review of 86 patients who had been treated for paraaortic lymph node based on a survey of Kansai Cancer Therapist Group, the tolerance doses of small intestine were considered as 40-50 Gy. For further reassessment of tolerance dose, the analysis of volume factor and basic research for pathogenesis of complication are essential.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Mucociliary clearance and transport in bronchiectasis: global and regional assessment.

Global and regional mucociliary clearance and transport in the lungs was studied in 20 patients with bronchiectasis by radioaerosol inhalation lung cine-scintigraphy and the quantitative analysis following inhalation of ultrasonically-generated 99mTc-tagged human serum albumin aerosol (mass median diameter; 1.93 microns with geometric s.d. of 1.52). In bronchiectatic lung regions, deposition of inhaled aerosol was diminished or inhomogeneous. Transport of inhaled radioactivity from the bronchiectatic regions was deranged in 95% of the patients (19/20). The following abnormal mucous transport patterns were regionally observed; stasis in 12 of the 20 patients (12/20), regurgitation or reversed transport in 14/20, straying in 8/20, spiral or zigzag transport in 1/20, and/or various combinations of these four abnormal transport patterns. When coughs occurred, regurgitation and stray became more marked in the bronchiectatic regions. These regional abnormalities in mucociliary transport seem to be responsible for the development of infections and hemoptysis in the bronchiectatic regions.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[A multiinstitutional prospective randomized study of radiation therapy of bone metastasis. II. Prognostic factors].

A prospective randomized study for the analysis of optimal schedule for the patients with bone metastases was performed. From February 1986 through January 1987, a total of 131 patients entered on this trial. The data from 129 patients out of 131 were available for the analysis of prognostic factors by Cox's regression model. As a whole, it was clear that first significant prognostic factor was urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (p = 0.0001), second primary site (p = 0.0001), third pain score (p = 0.0005) and fourth other organ metastasis except bone (p = 0.0006). In the group of lung cancer, first significant prognostic factor was urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (p = 0.0007), second multiplicity of bone metastasis (p = 0.0113), and third pain score (p = 0.0270).

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Clinical and histopathological appraisal of preoperative irradiation for adenocarcinoma of the pancreatoduodenal region.

A retrospective review to elucidate the rationale of preoperative irradiation was made on 18 carcinomas of the head of the pancreas area. After 50 Gy/25 fractions of 10 MV X-ray was given, all 18 tumors decreased from 3.3 +/- 0.8 cm to 2.0 +/- 0.7 cm. At the surgical operation, 16 patients (89%) received pancreatic resection, without operative death. Histologically, in 13 of these 16 cases, the population of severely degenerative cancer cells (SDCC) was more than 1/3 of all cancer cells, and SDCCs were likely to locate at the periphery (advancing point of carcinoma). These histological patterns were considered as favorable to improve the operative curability. However, in the remaining three cases, the SDCC population was less than 1/3. In addition, nonaffected (i.e., viable) cancer cells were detected at the periphery, and this is an extremely adverse condition for subsequent surgery. Chronic pancreatitis in the noncancerous area was present in these three cases, but not in the 13 cases. Therefore, the most significant factor that predicts the radioresistance especially at the periphery of the carcinoma was considered to be coexisting chronic pancreatitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Radiation therapy for early glottic cancer (T1N0M0): I. Results of conventional open field technique.

From November 1977 through April 1982, a total of 91 patients with glottic cancer (T1N0M0) were treated with the open field technique of 4 MV X ray using bilateral parallel-opposed fields. Total radiation dose administered was 60 Gy in 30 fractions over a 6-week period. Actuarial 5-year disease-free survival rate was 89%. Significant prognostic factors of local control were tumor length (p = 0.021), tumor width (p = 0.001), tumor type (p = 0.004), tumor response to irradiation at 40 Gy (p = 0.000) and 60 Gy (p = 0.000) by chi-square test. Ultimate local control rate by radiation therapy and salvage surgery was 97% and voice preservation rate was 91%.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Normal values for quantitative parameters for evaluation of mucociliary clearance in lungs.

Twenty-eight normal male subjects (13 nonsmokers and 15 smokers, 25 to 76 years of age) inhaled ultrasonically generated 99mTc-tagged human serum albumin aerosol (mass median diameter: 1.93 microns with geometric standard deviation of 1.52) and radioactivity from the thorax was measured continuously from anteriorly in 10 sec frame mode for 90 to 120 min to evaluate mucociliary clearance function in the lungs. Normal values for lung retention ratio (LRR), airway deposition ratio (ADR), airway retention ratio (ARR), airway clearance efficiency (ACE), alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR), and disappearance rate of radioactivity from the ciliated airways (DR) were presented. ALDR was significantly larger in nonsmokers than in smokers. LRR and ARR were significantly smaller and ACE, significantly larger in smokers at any time intervals than in nonsmokers, while ADR and DR were larger in smokers only in the initial 30 min following radioaerosol inhalation was completed. Thereafter there was little difference in ADR and DR between normal smokers and nonsmokers.

Adult↗