Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Terada

Publications and source records attributed to T Terada.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

'Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia' in liver cirrhosis: low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma or borderline lesion?

Adenomatous hyperplasia, defined as a sizable parenchymal nodule in cirrhosis, was examined morphologically. Ninety-seven nodules of adenomatous hyperplasia were obtained from 47 cirrhotic livers and were divided into 'ordinary' (44 nodules) and 'atypical' (53 nodules) types. The former consisted of hepatocytes similar to those of the surrounding liver, and showed regularly distributed portal tracts. The latter type was composed of hepatocytes showing nuclear atypia, relative to the surrounding liver, and showed irregular or sparse portal tracts. Atypical nodules were histologically heterogeneous, possessing areas of normo-trabecular, compact, pseudoglandular and/or scirrhous patterns. Several cytological changes, such as clear cell change, small or large cell change and fatty change, were intermingled variably within a given nodule. Atypical nodules showed expansive and/or replacing growth into the surrounding liver. Atypical hepatocytes also infiltrated into the fibrous septa and portal tracts. Foci of overt hepatocellular carcinoma were found in 11 of the 53 atypical nodules. These findings suggest that ordinary adenomatous hyperplasia may be a large-sized regenerative nodule, while atypical adenomatous hyperplasia may be a hepatocellular neoplasm, a peculiar form of low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma or borderline lesion, in which overt hepatocellular carcinoma is likely to evolve through multiple steps.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A morphological study of the efferent ducts of the human epididymis.

Efferent ducts of the human epididymis were studied with a light microscope and a computerized three-dimensional image analyser by preparing complete serial sections. The efferent ducts were characterized by a columnar epithelium, which differed both from the cuboidal epithelium of the rete testis and from the tall columnar epithelium of the epididymal duct. Therefore, the junctions of the efferent ducts with the rete testis and epididymal duct could be identified morphologically. Five or six efferent ducts originated from the dilated extra-testicular rete testis, ran in an extremely tortuous manner and transformed into the epididymal ducts in an end-to-end pattern near the border of the epididymal head and corpus. Computerized image analysis confirmed light microscopical findings and demonstrated three-dimensional structures of the junctions of the efferent ducts with both the rete testis and the epididymal ducts.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Correlation between blood prostaglandins, plasma lipids and atherosclerosis in dialyzed patients.

The correlations between the degree of atherosclerosis, plasma prostaglandins (PGs) and plasma lipids were examined in maintenance hemodialyzed patients with and without diabetes mellitus. The degree of atherosclerosis was evaluated by pulse wave velocity (PWV) of the aorta. Plasma PGs were radioimmunoassayed. PWV was significantly higher in hemodialyzed patients compared to sex- and age-matched healthy controls. PWV correlated with the plasma thromboxane A2 (TXB2) level and TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha ratio in hemodialyzed patients, without a significant difference between the diabetic and nondiabetic groups. The plasma lipid profile was type IV of the WHO classification in both the diabetic and nondiabetic groups, and PWV did not correlate with these lipid abnormalities. Though not significantly, the decreases in plasma PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and the increase in TXB2 correlated with the degree of type IV hyperlipidemia. The results suggest that plasma PG abnormalities might correlate with the degree of atherosclerosis in hemodialyzed patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of anti-androgen therapy for benign prostatic hypertrophy by using transrectal prostatic ultrasonography].

We evaluated the effect of anti-androgen therapy for benign prostatic hypertrophy on 33 patients who had undergone transrectal prostatic ultrasonography both before and after administration of anti-androgenic drugs in our clinic. Patients treated with chlormadinone acetate (CMA) orally, or TSAA-291 intramuscularly showed a significant reduction in the prostatic weight. However, this reduction was not correlated with the degree of symptomatic improvement. In addition, patients who showed no symptomatic improvement despite a reduction in the prostatic weight often had prostatic stones or small inflammatory cell infiltrations in their prostatic tissue. Therefore, the coexistence of prostatitis or bladder neck obstruction with prostatic hypertrophy may contribute to the lack of symptomatic improvement in such patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Biliary sludge and microcalculi in intrahepatic bile ducts. Morphologic and X-ray microanalytical observations in 18 among 1,179 consecutively autopsied livers.

To clarify the morphology and pathogenesis of intrahepatic calculi in the incipient stage, we examined biliary sludge and microcalculi in intrahepatic bile ducts by morphologic and X-ray microanalytical methods in 18 (1.5%) among 1,179 autopsied livers. The hepatobiliary conditions of these 18 livers were intra- and extrahepatic biliary obstruction in 14 cases, hepatic fibrosis in three cases, and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma in the remaining one. Grossly, brown-pigmented microcalculi were observed floating in biliary sludge. Microscopically, the biliary sludge was composed of mucin, fibrinous materials, desquamated epithelial cells and a few bilirubin granules. The microcalculi were embedded in the sludge and consisted of mucin and precipitates of bilirubin with a granular, lamellar or amorphous appearance. Bacterial colonies were recognized in both the sludge and microcalculi in all but three cases. Intrahepatic bile ducts harboring sludge and microcalculi showed a minimal to moderate degree of glandular proliferation with mucin production. X-ray microanalysis disclosed that the sludge contained little calcium ion, whereas microcalculi were calcium-rich. These findings suggest that biliary obstruction, bacterial infection and mucin hypersecretion play an important role in the formation of intrahepatic biliary sludge and microcalculi, and that sludge is causally related to the formation of intrahepatic microcalculi. Intrahepatic microcalculi and biliary sludge may represent a pathogenetic sequence in the early stage of calcium bilirubinate hepatolithiasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism].

Clinical study of eight cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was performed. These cases consisted of five prepubertal cases and three postpubertal cases induced by prolactin-producing hypophyseal tumor. The former five cases had the chief complaints of incomplete development of their external genitalia. The chief complaints in three postpubertal cases were decreased libido in two and infertility in one. The average testicular volumes were 7.8 ml and 20 ml in prepubertal and postpubertal cases, respectively. The basal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) were within the normal limit in most cases and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were low in most cases. There were no differences between the levels of these hormones in prepubertal cases and those in postpubertal cases. The range of basal level of prolactin in blood was 92 mg/ml to 1,070 ng/ml in the postpubertal cases. The basal level of testosterone in blood was low in all cases. Most cases had rather good responses of LH and FSH after the administration of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. The plasma level of testosterone was elevated after the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in most cases. The appearance of sperm in the semen was observed after the hCG therapy in only one of the prepubertal cases. On the other hand, all the postpubertal cases showed almost normal findings in semen analysis after hormone therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma associated with latent perianal Paget's disease.

We report a case (63-yr-old man) of anorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma associated with perianal Paget's disease, found incidentally by pathologic examinations of the resected specimen. Paget's disease resided just distal to the anorectal adenocarcinoma. The area of Paget's disease was rather small. The epidermis containing Paget's cells was continuous with the anorectal adenocarcinoma, as if adenocarcinoma cells invaded directly into the epidermis. The Paget's cells were positive for neutral and acid mucus. Ultrastructurally, Paget's cells contained secretory granules, microvilli, and a few tight junctions, but lacked tonofilaments. The mucinous adenocarcinoma cells also showed histochemical and ultrastructural features that were similar to those of Paget's cells. These findings strongly suggest that the Paget's cells were derived from direct spread from the anorectal adenocarcinoma, in this case. Clinicians and pathologists should carefully examine the perianal epidermis in anorectal carcinoma, even if there are no clinical findings of perianal Paget's disease. The English literature is also reviewed briefly.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

[A case of primary aldosteronism due to unilateral multiple adrenal adenomas].

A 64-year-old female with hypertension, hypokalemia visited our hospital. Endocrinological examinations showed a low level of plasma renin activity and high level of plasma aldosterone. Circadian rhythmicity of plasma aldosterone level was recognized. No change in the plasma level of aldosterone was observed after loading of standing and administration of furosemide. Adrenal scintigraphy, adrenal venous aldosterone assay and CT scan revealed two tumors in the left adrenal. The diagnosis of primary aldosteronism by left adrenal tumors was made from the above findings. A left adrenalectomy was performed and pathological findings showed two adenomas, which had no capsule either and were surrounded by normal adrenocortical tissue. Blood pressure normalized after surgery and the plasma levels of aldosterone and plasma renin activity were normalized.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach presenting "giant gastric folds".

We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach. Grossly, the tumor showed "giant gastric folds" involving the fornix and body, and histologically was composed of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. Both components diffusely proliferated and infiltrated in the gastric wall, mainly in the mucosa and submucosa, where prominent inflammatory changes such as desmoplasia and edema were observed. There were many intermingled foci of both components, and direct transitions between them were frequently observed. Immunohistochemically, adenocarcinoma cells were positive for secretory component and carcinoembryonic antigen and negative for involucrin, while the squamous cell carcinoma component was positive for involucrin and negative for carcinoembryonic antigen. It was suggested in this case that squamous metaplasia might have arisen multifocally in a preexisting adenocarcinoma and that diffuse proliferation and infiltration of carcinoma cells with prominent inflammatory changes in the submucosa might be responsible for the formation of "giant gastric folds".

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst. A mucus histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study in three cases in comparison with normal bronchi and intrahepatic bile ducts.

We describe herein the morphologies of three cases of ciliated hepatic cysts and compare them with those of normal bronchi and intrahepatic bile ducts. Grossly, the hepatic cysts were located in the subcapsular region. They were solitary, unilocular, and rather small (less than 4 cm in diameter). Histologically, the cyst wall consisted of four layers: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia with mucous cells, subepithelial connective tissue, smooth-muscle bundles, and an outermost fibrous capsule. The epithelial cytoplasm contained neutral, carboxylated, and sulfated mucus. We noted moderate immunoreactivity to keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, DU-PAN-2 and secretory component; weak immunoreactivity to cytokeratin CAM 5.2, cytokeratin AE1 + 3, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9; and faint or negative immunoreactivity to IgA and IgM. Cilia were immunoreactive to actin and tubulin; smooth muscles were immunoreactive to actin and desmin. Ultrastructural observations revealed definite cilia arranged in a 9 + 2 pattern as well as mucous cells. These morphologic features of the hepatic cysts were similar to those of normal bronchi but different from those of normal bile ducts. Our findings suggest that ciliated hepatic cysts arise from the embryonic foregut and differentiated toward bronchial structures in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Survey of iron-accumulative macroregenerative nodules in cirrhotic livers.

Recently, macroregenerative nodules in cirrhotic livers have been suspected to be among the putative precancerous lesions in human hepatocarcinogenesis. We examined the morphologies of 99 macroregenerative nodules in 44 cirrhotic livers with special emphasis on stainable iron. In 26 macroregenerative nodules (26%), stainable iron selectively accumulated within the macroregenerative nodules themselves, and little or no iron was found in the surrounding regenerative nodules. In nine macroregenerative nodules (9%), an appreciable amount of stainable iron was present in both the macroregenerative nodules and the surrounding regenerative nodules. In the remaining 64 macroregenerative nodules (65%), stainable iron was absent in both the macroregenerative nodules and the surrounding regenerative nodules. Hyperplastic hepatocellular foci were present within 19 (73%) of the 26 iron-accumulative macroregenerative nodules, one (11%) of the nine iron-positive macroregenerative nodules and 20 (31%) of the 64 iron-negative macroregenerative nodules. These findings suggest that iron-accumulative macroregenerative nodules are frequently associated with hyperplastic hepatocellular foci and should be included among the precancerous lesions in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gas chromatographic assay and disposition of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, a new antianginal drug, in healthy volunteers.

Quantitative determinations of plasma concentrations of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, a new antianginal drug, and its urinary metabolite, 6-chloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (metabolite 1), were obtained using GC with a 63Ni electron-capture detector. 6-Chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate was extracted from plasma with n-pentane. Metabolite 1 was extracted from acidic urine with ethylacetate, back extracted with 0.1 M NaHCO3, and methylated with boron trifluoride methanol reagent. The internal standard for metabolite 1 determination was prepared by propylation of metabolite 1 with boron trifluoride n-propanol reagent. The formation of the esters was confirmed by the GC-MS results. These methods proved to be sensitive and reproducible. A single dose of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate (5, 10, 20, 40, or 60 mg) was given perorally to healthy volunteers. From the data, a large interindividual variability in the apparent plasma clearance was apparent (85.5 +/- 123 L/min; CV 144%). However, metabolite 1 was the main metabolite in human urine, and the interindividual variation was slight (CV 13%).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatography assay of two metabolites of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, a new antianginal drug, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.

An HPLC technique has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 6-chloro-2-pyridine methanol (5) and 6-chloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (3), two metabolites of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, a new antianginal drug, in rat plasma. The plasma sample was placed on a Bond Elut C18 column and the compounds were eluted with 250 microL of the mobile phase. A 50-150-microL aliquot was injected onto the HPLC column. No interfering substances were observed in the plasma of a normal rat. The calibration curves for both 5 and 3 were linear from 0.1 to 50 micrograms/mL. However, the quantitative detection of the two additional metabolites, N-(6-chloro-2-pyridylcarbonyl)-glycine (1) and N-acetyl-S-(6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl)-L-cysteine (2) was not satisfactory. The metabolic pathway of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate in vivo was studied in male rats which were dosed separately with 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, 5, and 3. After intravenous injection of 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate, the unchanged drug was determined by a GC method that was also developed by us and reported in another paper. 6-Chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate was rapidly metabolized, and the metabolites were detected as early as 1 min after 6-chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate administration. The parent compound then declined rapidly and 3 formation was confirmed in the rat plasma. 6-Chloro-2-pyridylmethyl nitrate is extensively metabolized to 3 via 5 formation, and 3 is the main metabolite in rat plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Microvasculature in the small portal tracts in idiopathic portal hypertension. A morphological comparison with other hepatic diseases.

The morphology of the microvasculature in the small portal tracts was examined in normal livers, idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) and other hepatic diseases. The microvasculature examined was arbitrary divided into two groups: that near the limiting plate and that within portal tracts, particularly around bile ducts. Based on comparisons of histology, immunohistochemistry and vascular casts, it is suggested that the former corresponded to inlet venules and the latter to distributing portal veins and peribiliary capillary plexus. Both of these microvasculatures were positive for Ulex europaeus lectin I, and (infrequently and weakly) for factor VIII-related antigen. Morphometry disclosed that inlet venules were reduced in number in IPH compared with normal livers and that distributing portal veins, peribiliary capillary plexus and inlet venules were increased in extrahepatic portal obstruction, chronic active hepatitis and extrahepatic obstructive cholestasis. We believe that the change in the microvasculature reflects abnormal microcirculation in the small portal tracts, and that the reduction of inlet venules plays an important role in the development of portal hypertension in IPH.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Fatty macroregenerative nodule in non-steatotic liver cirrhosis. A morphologic study.

We here describe the morphologies of 9 macroregenerative nodules (MRNs) showing moderate to marked fatty change (fatty MRN) from 6 cases of non- or minimally-steatotic cirrhotic livers. In most of these cases, no obvious steatogenic factors of the liver were obtainable. These fatty MRNs showed more or less a sharp border. Seven of these fatty MRNs showed a variable degree of unusual morphological alterations suggestive of neoplasia: atypical and hyperchromatic nuclei, abnormal blood vessels, foci of clustering Mallory bodies, numerous hyaline globules, alpha-fetoprotein-positive hepatocytes, resistance to iron accumulation, infiltration into the portal tracts within MRN, and occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma without fatty change. These observations suggest that at least some of the fatty MRNs are neoplastic or belong to a borderline lesion, and that the fatty change in the MRNs may be one of hepatocellular expressions related to human hepatocarcinogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Surgical experience in two-stage hypospadias repair.

Hypospadias can be categorized as glandular, penile, scrotal or perineal hypospadias. Diversified surgical procedures have been devised for the reparation of this congenital anomaly. The surgical method consists of 3 chief parts: avoidance of fistula formation, resection of the chordee and construction of the distal urethra. Infrequently a fistula following operation in this disease can be cured by urethral drainage, but in the majority of cases surgical repair is indispensable. Subsequently operative or postoperative complications must be decreased. The technical performance and accompanying problems for these points in the management of hypospadias are described.

Humans↗