Biomedical subjects

T Terada

Publications and source records attributed to T Terada.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with nonbiliary cirrhosis. A clinicopathologic study.

To determine the prevalence and clinicopathologic features of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) associated with nonbiliary cirrhosis, we performed a clinicopathologic study. Among the 5,563 autopsies in our laboratories during the past 14 years, 85 (1.5%) were CCs. Four (4.7%) were associated with cirrhosis, due to hepatitis B virus in one case and cryptogenic (probably non-A non-B hepatitis virus) in the remaining three. Clinically, patients with CC and cirrhosis were characterized by male preponderance, lower age, past history of liver injury, and elevated values of zinc sulfate and thymol turbidity tests. Pathologically, all CCs with cirrhosis were basically adenocarcinoma; other histologic features included adenocarcinoma resembling bile ductules without mucin (one case), adenocarcinoma with broad areas of signet ring cell carcinoma (one case), adenocarcinoma with extensive sarcomatoid transformation (one case), and adenocarcinoma associated with hepatoliths (one case). Immunohistochemically, immunophenotypes of carcinoma cells of CC with cirrhosis were not different from those of CC without cirrhosis. Carcinoembryonic antigens, CA19-9, DU-PAN-2, and biliary-type cytokeratins were positive and alpha-fetoprotein was negative, suggesting that our CCs are not hepatocellular neoplasms but true CCs. It must be stressed that there are actual CCs arising in nonbiliary cirrhotic livers.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Presence of pancreatic alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase immunoreactivity in normal human pancreatic ducts.

Presence of pancreatic alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase in normal pancreatic ducts was evaluated immunohistochemically in 10 surgically resected normal pancreatic specimens, using monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase. Immunoreactivity to all enzymes occurred patchily in some epithelial cells not only of the common bile duct and its periductal glands but also of the main and interlobular pancreatic ducts and periductal glands in the main pancreatic duct, as well as in pancreatic acinar cells. Ductal staining was fine-granular, and generally present in the supranuclear cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity was abolished by preabsorption. Centroacinar cells and intercalated and intralobular pancreatic ducts did not stain for any enzyme. These findings suggest that some epithelial cells of the large-sized pancreatic duct and its periductal glands express pancreatic alpha-amylase-, trypsinogen-, and lipase-like peptides, as do some epithelial cells of common bile duct and its periductal glands.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Obstructive jaundice caused by the deposition of amyloid-like substances in the extrahepatic and large intrahepatic bile ducts in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Obstructive jaundice has rarely been reported in liver amyloidosis. We report here an autopsy of a 55-year-old woman with multiple myeloma and obstructive jaundice due to the deposition of amyloid-like substances in the walls and lumina of the extrahepatic bile duct and intrahepatic large bile ducts, resulting in obstruction and narrowing of the bile ducts. The amyloid-like deposits were negative with Congo red stain, and were negative immunohistochemically for IgG, IgA, IgM, kappa chain, beta-2-microglobulin, and amyloid A and P components. However, they were positive for lambda chain, and ultrastructurally composed of non-branching filaments with a diameter of 7-10 nm. This is the first case of obstructive jaundice due to histologically confirmed amyloid-like deposits in the biliary system.

Amyloid↗

PubMed1994

Expression of tenascin, type IV collagen and laminin during human intrahepatic bile duct development and in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Expression of tenascin, type IV collagen and laminin during human intrahepatic bile duct development and in cholangiocarcinoma was examined by immunohistochemistry. In the developing hilar bile ducts, tenascin was expressed in the mesenchyme around the epithelial cells migrating from the ductal plate into the mesenchyme at 10-14 weeks of gestation. Tenascin was also expressed in the mesenchyme around newly formed hilar bile ducts at 15-20 weeks of gestation, but its expression disappeared after 21 weeks of gestation. Type IV collagen and laminin were expressed around the ductal plate, around epithelial cells migrating from the ductal plate into the mesenchyme, and around newly formed hilar bile ducts, and their expression was present throughout fetal life. By contrast, in the development of peripheral bile ducts, tenascin expression was not found. Type IV collagen and laminin were identified around the ductal plate, migrating epithelial cells and peripheral bile ducts. In cholangiocarcinoma, tenascin and type IV collagen were expressed in the stroma, but laminin was not identified. These findings suggest that tenascin may play a role in hilar bile duct development and that type IV collagen and laminin may play a role in both hilar and peripheral bile duct development. Expression of tenascin and type IV collagen in the stroma of cholangiocarcinoma may be the result of malignant transformation of intrahepatic biliary epithelium; tenascin in peritumoral stroma may stimulate carcinoma cell proliferation and growth in cholangiocarcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver.

A case of pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver in a 66 year old female is presented. A tumor-like lesion was incidentally discovered in the liver during clinical follow up of diabetes mellitus. The hepatic lesion was resected because malignant lymphoma was suspected after a needle biopsy. Grossly, the lesion was well-defined and measured 1.0 x 1.5 x 1.0 cm. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of hyperplastic lymphoid follicles with distinctive germinal centers and interfollicular areas consisting of mature lymphocytes and plasma cells. An immunohistological study revealed that the lymphoid cells of the lesion were polyclonal in immunophenotypes. These histological and immunohistochemical findings strongly suggested a pseudolymphoma and not hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. This case was diagnosed as pseudolymphoma of liver. Only a few cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma have so far been reported in the English literature.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Pancreatic enzymes in the epithelium of intrahepatic large bile ducts and in hepatic bile in patients with extrahepatic bile duct obstruction.

AIM: To determine whether pancreatic enzymes are present in hepatic bile and in intrahepatic bile duct epithelium. METHODS: The activity and proteins of pancreatic enzymes (pancreatic alpha-amylase, lipase, trypsin/trypsinogen) in hepatic bile were investigated using biochemical and western blot analyses in 25 patients with extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Immunolocalization of enzyme proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 20 necropsy livers with extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. RESULTS: Western blot analysis showed proteins of pancreatic alpha-amylase, lipase, and trypsin in 19 of 25 (76%), 10 of 25 (40%), and 14 of 25 (56%) patients, respectively. Pancreatic alpha-amylase and lipase activities was present in every bile specimen. Radioimmunoassay showed that trypsin was present in every bile sample. Immunohistochemically, the immunoreactivity of the three enzymes was present in epithelia and in the lumina of intrahepatic large bile ducts, septal bile ducts, and peribiliary glands in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that biliary epithelia of larger intrahepatic ducts produce pancreatic alpha-amylase, lipase, and trypsin, and that these enzymes are secreted into the lumina of intrahepatic bile ducts.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Role of endothelin-1 in neointima formation after endothelial removal in rabbit carotid arteries.

To investigate the role of local endothelin (ET)-1 in neointima formation, we performed a balloon denudation in the rabbit carotid artery. Four weeks after denudation, regeneration of endothelial cells was almost complete, and a marked intimal hyperplasia was observed. The tissue level of ET-1-like immunoreactivity was significantly increased even at 24 and 72 h after denudation and was 9.3 times higher than the control group in 4 wk. On the same time course, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells clearly appeared. Receptor density values for 125I-ET-1 and 125I-IRL-1620 [ET-receptor subtype B (ETB)-selective ligand] bindings were significantly greater in the hyperplastic artery without changes in dissociation equilibrium constant values. The 125I-ET-1 binding sites not inhibited with BQ-123 [ET-receptor subtype A (ETA)-selective antagonist] were significantly increased in hyperplastic arteries. ETB receptors were more densely localized in the neointima. The chronic intravenous administration of BQ-123 at plasma concentrations sufficient to antagonize the ETA receptors had no effect on neointima formation and the appearance of PCNA-positive cells. We concluded from all results that ET-1 would be involved in neointima formation after endothelial removal and that the ETA receptors would not play a role in this process.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Responses of glutathione-related enzymes in isolated rat small intestine to Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress.

The activities of glutathione-related enzymes in isolated rat small intestine were investigated under oxidative stress mediated by Fe(2+)-EDTA. The isoelectric points and approximate molecular weights of the enzymes investigated were first determined. The reduced and oxidized glutathione contents, and low molecular weight thiols in isolated rat small intestine were also studied under oxidative stress. Significant reducing activities of glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase were observed accompanied by increases in oxidized glutathione content, whereas thioltransferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase retained the same levels of activity as controls. First-order inactivation of purified rat small intestine glutathione S-transferase including class-alpha, mu and pi was observed and the isozyme class-pi was inactivated at several pH's under Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress. Leakage of protein and both reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione was significantly increased during incubation with Fe(2+)-EDTA. In conclusion, enzymes which were not inactivated under Fe(2+)-EDTA-mediated oxidative stress may play an important role in cellular antioxidant defenses in the small intestine. Furthermore, enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase, mainly a class-pi isozyme, and lactate dehydrogenase which were inactivated may form part of the barrier against oxidative stress similar to reduced glutathione.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Development of acquired arteriovenous fistulas in rats due to venous hypertension.

Dural sinus thrombosis has been hypothesized as a possible cause of dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVF's). The pathogenesis and evolution from thrombosis to actual development of an AVF are still unknown. To study dural fistula formation, a surgically induced venous hypertension model in rats was created by producing an arteriovenous shunt between the carotid artery and the external jugular vein. The external jugular vein beyond the anastomosis was ligated 2 to 3 months after surgery and angiography was performed to identify any new acquired AVF's. Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats, each weighing approximately 300 gm, were used for this study. In Group I, 22 rats underwent a common carotid artery anastomosis to the external jugular vein, which is the largest draining vein from the transverse sinus via the posterior facial vein, followed by proximal external jugular vein ligation. In Group II, 13 rats underwent the same surgical procedure, followed by contralateral posterior facial vein occlusion. Group III served as the control group, in which 11 rats underwent only unilateral external jugular vein occlusion with or without contralateral posterior facial vein occlusion. The shunts in Groups I and II were ligated at 2 to 3 months following surgery, and transfemoral angiography was performed immediately before and after occlusion. New acquired AVF's had developed in three rats (13.6%) in Group I, three rats (23.1%) in Group II, and no rats (0%) in Group III. One of these newly formed fistulas was located at the dural sinus, analogous to the human dural AVF. The other five were located in the subcutaneous tissue, including the face and neck. The dural AVF in the rat was present on follow-up angiography at 1 week after the bypass occlusion. It is concluded that chronic venous hypertension of 2 to 3 months' duration, without associated venous or sinus thrombosis, can induce new AVF's affecting the dural sinuses or the subcutaneous tissue.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Bronchogenic cyst of the diaphragm: a case report].

A 30-year-old man was treated surgically for bronchogenic cyst originating from the diaphragm. An abnormal shadow was found on a routine chest roentgenogram. The tumor was located in the left vertebro-phrenic angle. CT scan showed a CT number of 34.2, which MRI examination revealed with low intensity on the T1 weighted image and high intensity on the T2 weighted image. A multilocular cystic tumor filled with viscid fluid, about 3 cm in size, was resected. This was diagnosed as a bronchogenic cyst, as microscopic examination showed bronchial epithelium, one layer of smooth muscle, bronchial glands, and cartilage. This is the 10th case of diaphragm-related bronchogenic cysts reported in Japan. Of these 10, 7 were located at the vertebro-phrenic angle.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Thioltransferase can utilize cysteamine as same as glutathione as a reductant during the restoration of cystamine-treated glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) [EC 1.1.1.49] is inactivated by the incubation with cystamine very efficiently, but not by oxidized glutathione. This inactivation advanced following the incubation-time and concentration of cystamine. The inactivated-G6PD is restored its activity by the treatment of thioltransferase with 1 mM cysteamine or reduced glutathione (GSH) much more effectively than only by thiols. For the first time, we suggested thioltransferase can utilize cysteamine in stead of GSH during its thiol/disulfide exchange reaction activity.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Methods in pathology. p53 expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival specimens of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: retrieval of p53 antigenicity by microwave oven heating of tissue sections.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of p53 is thought to reflect mutations of the p53 gene. Although p53 expression or mutation has been investigated in a variety of carcinomas, it has not been examined in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CC). We investigated expression of p53 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival specimens of 40 CCs (22 autopsy cases and 18 surgical cases) by immunohistochemistry using four antibodies (PAb1801, DO-7, BP53-12, CM1). We also attempted to enhance p53 expression by pretreatments of tissue sections by pepsin digestion as well as by microwave oven heating. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival surgical specimens of 15 colon carcinomas were used as controls. In surgical cases, p53 expression was abolished by pepsin predigestion, although it was greatly enhanced by pretreatment of microwave oven heating in all immunostainings (PAb1801, DO-7, BP53-12, CM1). In surgical cases immunostained with microwave oven heating, DO-7, BP53-12, and CM1 showed frequent p53 expression (22% in CC; 60-67% in colon carcinoma), whereas PAb1801 showed low p53 expression (0% in CC; 13% in colon carcinoma). In contrast to the surgical cases, all 22 CCs of autopsy cases showed no p53 expression by any antibodies as well as by any pretreatments. These results shows that a pretreatment of tissue sections by microwave oven heating is a very good method for demonstrating p53 protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival materials and that DO-7, BP53-12, and CM1 are useful antibodies for detection of p53 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival materials. No expression of p53 in autopsy cases of CC suggests that p53 antigenicity is lost during autopsy procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1994

Effect of thioltransferase on the cystamine-activated fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by its redox regulation.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase [EC. 3.1.3.11] is activated by the treatment with 0.1 mM cystamine up to about 400% compared to its original activity (dithiothreitol-reduced form). Thiol compounds (0.1 mM of cysteamine and dithiothreitol) can restore its activity effectively. Reduced glutathione, at 0.2 mM, also restores fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activity only in the presence of cystamine. When excess cystamine is removed, the addition of 1.0 U/ml thioltransferase is able to restore FBPase activity very efficiently coexistence with 0.2 mM reduced glutathione though reduced glutathione alone does not work.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Profiles of expression of carbohydrate chain structures during human intrahepatic bile duct development and maturation: a lectin-histochemical and immunohistochemical study.

We investigated expression of carbohydrate chain structures during human intrahepatic bile duct development and maturation. Results of staining for ABH antigens were negative in the ductal plate and biliary cells migrating into the mesenchyma but were positive in newly formed bile ducts in the fetal liver and in maturing bile ducts in the postnatal liver. Staining for Lewis(a), sialyl Lewis(a) and Lewisb antigens was negative in the ductal plate but positive in migrating biliary cells, newly formed ducts and maturing ducts. Staining for sialyl Lewisx antigen was positive in the ductal plate, migrating biliary cells and newly formed ducts but negative in the postnatal liver. Lewis(y) antigen staining was negative in the ductal plate and migrating biliary cells but positive in newly formed ducts and maturing ducts. Staining for T and Tn antigens was negative in the ductal plate, migrating biliary cells and newly formed ducts but positive in maturing ducts. Staining for Lewisx, sialyl Tn and carcinoembryonic antigen was negative in all tissues. Receptors of Ulex europaeus agglutinin I and soybean agglutinin were absent in the ductal plate, migrating biliary cells and newly formed ducts but present in maturing large ducts. Staining for receptors of concanavalin A and Ricnus communis agglutinin I was negative in the ductal plate but positive in migrating biliary cells, newly formed ducts and maturing ducts. Staining for the receptor of succinylated wheat germ agglutinin was always positive. These findings suggest that carbohydrate chain structures change during intrahepatic bile duct development and maturation and that new carbohydrate chain structures gradually emerge as intrahepatic bile ducts develop and mature.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed1994

Frequent occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers after surgical resection of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (borderline hepatocellular lesion): a follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: Adenomatous hyperplasia (AH) of the liver occurs in chronic advanced liver diseases, and has been suspected to be a precancerous lesions in human hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: In this study, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection of AH was evaluated in 24 patients with cirrhosis and AH in the absence of HCC (mean follow-up period, 31.4 months; range, 12-77 months). AH were classified as ordinary AH lacking hepatocellular atypia (OAH), atypical AH with structural and cellular atypia insufficient for carcinoma (AAH), and atypical AH with focal malignancy containing areas of HCC (FM). RESULTS: HCC was noted in a few years (follow-up period range, 12-77 months; mean, 31.4 months) in all 3 patients whose resected nodules were classified as FM, in 4 (36%) of 11 with AAH resected nodules, and none of 10 with OAH resected nodules. The incidence of HCC in the patients with FM or AAH nodules was significantly higher than that in those with OAH nodules. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that our classification of AH is useful in the assessment of the risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis and AH, and that those with AAH or FM resected nodules must be followed up more frequently than those with OAH nodules, because of their higher risk of HCC. The frequent occurrence of HCC after resection of FM or AAH nodules may imply that HCC is of multicentric origin.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Intranasal midazolam for sedation before anesthesia in pediatric patients].

To evaluate the efficacy of nasally administered midazolam for sedation before anesthesia in pediatric patients, the authors studied 45 ASA PS 1 or 2 patients (aged 9 months-6 years) scheduled for elective surgery. The sedative effect of intranasal midazolam (0.2 mg.kg-1 or 0.3 mg.kg-1) was compared with that of our standard premedication by score. Significant sedative effect was obtained 4 min (in the 0.2 mg.kg-1 group) and 3 min (in the 0.3 mg.kg-1 group) after nasal administration. Most patients (93%) in the midazolam group became either free from anxiety or calm allowing easy separation from the parents and a smooth induction of anesthesia 10 min after nasal administration. There was no respiratory depression or anesthetic complication during induction of anesthesia, and no delayed recovery was observed. These results indicate that intranasal midazolam 0.2 mg.kg-1 is an effective and useful method for rapid sedation of children just prior to the induction of anesthesia.

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed1993

A clinicopathologic study of adenomatous hyperplasia of the liver in 209 consecutive cirrhotic livers examined by autopsy.

BACKGROUND: Adenomatous hyperplasia (AH), also called macroregenerative nodule, of the cirrhotic liver is currently considered to be a preneoplastic or early neoplastic lesion in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis. METHODS: The authors surveyed 209 consecutive cirrhotic livers from patients who had undergone autopsy at our laboratory during the last 18 years (1974-1991), and examined the prevalence and clinicopathologic characteristics of cirrhotic livers with AH. AH was classified into two types: ordinary and atypical. Ordinary AH (OAH) is devoid of hepatocellular atypia, whereas atypical AH (AAH) consists of atypical hepatocytes equivocal as to benignity and malignancy and occasionally contains overt malignant foci. RESULTS: A total of 123 AH were found in 45 (21.5%) of the 209 cirrhotic livers; 38 AAH were found in 12 cirrhotic livers (5.7%), and 85 OAH was found in 41 cirrhotic livers (19.6%). Nineteen AAH contained overt malignant hepatocellular foci. Comparing the first 9 years (1974-1982) with the latter 9 years (1983-1991), 4 (3.8%) of 104 cirrhotic livers harbored AAH in the first period, and 8 (7.4%) of 105 cirrhotic livers contained AAH in the latter period. Sixteen (15.4%) of 104 cirrhotic livers harbored OAH in the first period, and 25 (23.8%) of 105 cirrhotic livers contained OAH in the latter period. Etiology of the 12 cirrhotic livers with AAH was as follows: 1 was hepatitis B virus, 10 were non-A non-B hepatitis virus, and 1 was primary biliary cirrhosis. Etiology of 41 cirrhotic livers with OAH was as follows: 16 were hepatitis B virus, 18 were non-A non-B hepatitis virus, and 7 were other causes. AAH occurred commonly in mixed nodular cirrhosis, whereas OAH occurred usually in macronodular or mixed nodular cirrhosis. All 12 cirrhotic livers with AAH were associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly HCC of nodular type, whereas 17 cirrhotic livers with OAH were associated with HCC and the remaining 24 cirrhotic livers with OAH were not associated with HCC. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the number of cirrhotic livers with AH is increasing gradually, and that cirrhotic livers with AAH are characterized by the association with non-A non-B hepatitis virus as well as simultaneous occurrence of HCC. Thus, AAH may be an important preneoplastic lesion in cirrhotic livers associated with non-A non-B hepatitis virus (probably hepatitis C virus).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Antitumor agents. 3. Synthesis and biological activity of 4 beta-alkyl derivatives containing hydroxy, amino, and amido groups of 4'-O-demethyl-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin as antitumor agents.

A series of 4 beta-alkyl (7-10), 4 beta-aminoalkyl (12a-y), and 4 beta-amidoalkyl derivatives (14a-g) of 4'-O-demethyl-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin have been synthesized, and their cytotoxicity, inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II (Topo II), and tubulin polymerization were evaluated. All derivatives of 12a-y and 14a-g did not inhibit tubulin polymerization. Many compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and inhibition of Topo II. In particular, 12o, 12s, 12t, and 12u strongly inhibited Topo II (IC50 (microM) 32.5, 60.9, 58.8, and 33.6, respectively) and were strong cytotoxicity against P388 cells (IC50 (M) 1.0, 4.1, 3.3, and 3.0 x 10(-9), respectively), compared with VP-16 (IC50 (microM) 59.2, IC50 (M) 1 x 10(-8), respectively). These compounds were nearly equal to or superior to VP-16 in antitumor activity in vivo (L1210, P388, and Lewis lung) and were more cytotoxic against various human cell lines in vitro than VP-16.

Animals↗